Thanks for the post, this is the true reason I am investing in Bitcoin.
These issues are so out there in cases they require a paradigm shift just to talk about them. I think " Robert Costanza" in the TEDx talk stated it best, there is a lot of overlap in what we would like to see in the future, the problem is we can't agree how to get there. As a result many people are fundamentally / violently opposed to the path not the vision.
I don't agree with some of Robert underlying assumptions (or at least I don't understand the terminology describing the ideas) lots of key players tend to be radicals, most seem to poo poo laissez faire capitalism, and foster some sort of benevolent control / steward / government.
I enjoyed rehashing the dinner conversation you linked too, and I got to enjoy the desert free of charge with no economic growth.
Economists may have some ideas right, there is exponential growth that will take place in that the quality of people's lives will get exponentially better, but the economists are measuring with the wrong yard stick. It is not money that buys wealth. It is people that created wealth and creativity that makes it abundant. The capital that grows is what will shape humanity in the coming decades (is not the money supply).
Laissez faire capitalism ensures price deflation of goods that are in abundant supply and price stabilisation of goods / recourses that are in short supply and a motive to make abundant the things that we want more of.
A system like Bitcoin with a fixed money supply will keep economic growth in check with environmental exploitation. It is just like a switch which simply solves ecological and fiscal problems and can't be cheated and is almost instant.
I blabbered on about the principal in the never ending last word on inflation in (page 26
https://bitcointalksearch.org/topic/m.1182397) but the principle is environmental exploitation is partially held in check by restricting growth through a fixed money supply in a Bitcoin type system.
I flushed out an idea a little while ago for an Eco Capital used for manufactured goods (in principle something like carbon credits, but without the centralised control and corruption and lopsided benefactors) I would like to revisit it and put it in the Bitcoin context and disuses here too.
Adams Smith's does a good job of justifying land ownership and the role the landlord playes in the in the free market system. Libertarians call it homesteading. But the idea of land ownership has flaws in a free market system. Simplified, when you convert land to your exclusive use you immediately deprive others of its use, it is more akin to steeling than copying is.
In my view Karl Marx had an inspiring vision he just didn't distil it into workable principals, he conceived a central dictatorial authority to correct the wrongs of the day instead of distilling a set of self-regulating free market principles. While he gave credit to the benefits of the free market principals he couldn't reconcile property ownership and the free market, mistakenly discarding the capitalist idea as doomed to fail.
In short, solve the property ownership dilemma and you solve the conflict between environmental exploitation in the capitalist context, and emerge with a harmonisation of economy and ecology.