its more like in 2009 bitcoin started off with CREATING 50 new coins for every block solved. which every 210,000 blocks(~4 years) the reward halved.
this in human terms means roughly ever 4 years the reward goes as follows
50coins each block for 210,000 blocks
25coins each block for 210,000 blocks
12.5coins each block for 210,000 blocks
6.25coins each block for 210,000 blocks
and so on. until the decimal(satoshi) level is so small it cant be halved, which will happen in the year ~2140
adding it all up means that roughly but not exactly 21mill coins would have been created by ~2140.
as for the tx fee. this was a later after thought as a way to deter spamming blocks with thousands of transactions of useless utility. by making it cost something to add a transaction to a block. the fee's are not creating new coins, but spending existing coins. thus at the moment pools can create 12.5 coins for solving a block and as a bonus get X existing coins for adding transactions to the block
and to clarify the topics mis understanding about the block timing/difficulty adjusting
the technicals is more so that there is a rule in which every 2016 blocks, if made under or over 2 weeks. the difficulty is adjusted up OR down to try to keep 2016 blocks being mined per fortnight.. which then using maths(to visualise it more simply) works out as ~144 blocks a day or 1 block ~ every 10 minutes.
its not a rule based on 10 minutes that then gets calculated out to a fortnight. its more a 2016 block rule that gets adjusted to stay inline with a fortnight which then (purely for human visual)calculates down to ~10 minutes average.