Topic: [ANN]Nervos Network[CKB]•Godwoken V1 is LIVE•Interopability•EVM•L1+L2•POW•dAPP• (Read 1137 times)

JoyID, A Passwordless Web3 Wallet That Will Accelerate The Mass Adoption For Nervos
We wrote in a blog post in July that Nervos CKB is unique among public blockchains because of its support for Apple’s passkey feature.
Passkeys are a replacement for passwords. They are designed to provide websites and apps a passwordless sign-in experience that is both more convenient and more secure. Passkeys are built on the WebAuthn standard,
which uses public key cryptography and can also be called “synchronized WebAuthn credentials” for ease of understanding.

In the last part of that blog post, we mentioned what passkeys will bring to Nervos.
We offered an example of a crypto wallet, saying that users might be able to create a Nervos CKB wallet using Touch ID or Face ID after installing the wallet app,
and they only need to authorize with biometrics when creating transactions or interacting with smart contracts, which is highly convenient and safe.

Today, we are excited to introduce JoyID, a passwordless Web3 wallet initiated by Nervina Labs that will accelerate mass adoption of Nervos Network.

JoyID: A Passwordless Wallet For Everyone
Web3 is a hot topic these days. We see it discussed everywhere from the Ethereum community’s recent Devcon conference and other crypto conferences around the world to Twitter Spaces,
Tiktok and every other social media platform. The future of Web3 is promising, but onboarding billions of people to Web3 is a tough task.

The current crypto infrastructure is not designed for mass adoption. We can use a crypto wallet as an example. Most crypto wallets are mnemonic phrase based,
thus it is quite troublesome and even frustrating for a new Web2 user to securely store a 12-word or 24-word mnemonic on his/her own and he/she cannot capture screenshots or copy the mnemonics and store them online.

The crypto wallet is the gateway to the Web3 world. Thus, JoyID is designed to lower the threshold for mass adoption, making it a truly easy-to-use wallet for non-crypto users.
Based on the FIDO WebAuthn protocol and built on Nervos CKB, JoyID is also a cross-platform, cross-terminal, password-free and mnemonic-free wallet.
In other words, users do not need to create, use, or restore passwords or mnemonic phrases.

JoyID provides the following features:

✅ No password, no mnemonic, no email, no phone number

✅ Non-custodial, private keys never leave user’s devices

✅ Authentication with biometric sensor

✅ Arbitrary number of devices (private keys) for one account

✅ Social recovery

✅ Web page based, no installation required

✅ On-chain name, avatar, profile

✅ Does not rely on any centralized party



JoyID also supports the management of Nervos L1 assets (e.g. CKB, sUDT), CoTA rollup NFTs and other fungible tokens.

If everything goes smoothly, JoyID will launch on testnet in December and go live on mainnet in Q1 2023.

Technical Principles Behind JoyID
JoyID makes full use of the technology of WebAuthn, which has been fully supported by mainstream operating systems, including MacOS, Windows, Linux, ChromeOS, iOS, and Android.
Webauthn allows a website to create a public-private key pair in the Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) on the user’s device, and uses the private key to sign transactions,
with the guarantee that the private key cannot ever be leaked. During the signature authorization process, local authentication is performed through biometric identification or PIN code verification.

JoyID supports WebAuthn’s widely used signature algorithm — secp256r1 (P256), for signature verification. JoyID uses the CoTA extension on the Nervos CKB blockchain to register the public keys created by user’s multiple devices,
which point to the same CoTA Cell ID, thus completing the task of the abstraction of a user’s addresses.

JoyID supports the display of a user’s profile, including the user’s name, avatar, personal description, etc. The profile data is stored on-chain in the format of CTmeta.



Nervos Network is a multi-layered blockchain platform powered by an incredibly secure layer 1 and an EVM compatible layer 2,
a combination that provides a framework which enables developers to do what they do best, and remain focused on building.

On Nervos layer 1, there are no hard-coded cryptographic primitives at the consensus layer, only transaction sequencing.
This provides flexibility for the Nervos CKB blockchain, as Web3 builders can use other advanced cryptographic primitives and even self-defined algorithms.
In the example of JoyID, CKB allows dApps to support WebAuthn’s algorithms and realize a passwordless user experience.

There are no shortcuts to success for a public blockchain in such a changing environment. We may walk slowly, but we are on the right path.
Time will tell that Nervos is a promising platform Web3 builders can rely on, and a place where their ideas can be transformed from fantasy into reality.

Why assets on CKB can be managed by BTC address?

First, this is not "cross-chain"
Cross-chain usually means assets are locked on chain A and corresponding assets are created on chain B.
In fact, assets on Nervos CKB will not appear on BTC, nor assets on BTC will appear on Nervos CKB.
Nervos CKB is simply compatible with any public chain's account (address) system.

Understanding from a non-technical perspective
Let's make some analogies. Let's compare a public chain to a country, and the address of that public chain is compared to the resident ID of that country.
1. ETH public chain --> United States
2. ETH address --> U.S. ID card
3. BTC public chain --> United Kingdom
4. BTC Address --> UK ID
5. Nervos CKB Public Chain --> Country C
6. Nervos CKB Address --> Country C ID
Currently, the residents must have a US ID to hold and manage assets in the US, and the same is true for the UK.
The two countries do not recognize each other's national IDs.
However, for Nervos CKB, a new C country, not only residents with C country IDs can hold assets in their country.
Residents of other countries can also hold assets in Country C as long as they provide a valid resident ID from another country.
By further analogy, a BTC user sending assets issued on the Nervos CKB in a BTC wallet is like a U.S. resident reselling his or her home in Country C with a valid U.S. ID.
And this resale process is officially recognized by country C (verified by the Nervos CKB node).

Technical Understanding

Nervos CKB is compatible with BTC's account system, which means that Nervos CKB is a chain that verifies the signature of a BTC private key on a Nervos CKB transaction.

1. Ehe BTC chain can only verify the signature of the BTC private key to a BTC transaction, as does ETH.
When the signature checks out and the transaction is on the chain, it means that you control your BTC assets with your BTC private key.
2. At the same time, the signature algorithm of the BTC/ETH chain is fixed, and the logic of the signature verification process is also fixed.
To add a new signature algorithm, you have to hard fork the entire chain.

However, Nervos CKB has some new features.

1. When adding a new signature algorithm to a Nervos CKB chain, the CKB is not hard forked and the new signature algorithm is installed on the Nervos CKB as if it was a plug-in.
2. Any one at any time can deploy any signature algorithm on a Nervos CKB (it's just a binary program).
3. When a transaction happens on the Nervos CKB, you can specify which signature algorithm needs to be invoked to verify the transaction.
4. When the Nervos CKB node packages the transaction, it runs that particular signature algorithm to verify the transaction. When the checksum passes, the transaction is uploaded to the chain.

That's why we can install the BTC signature algorithm on the Nervos CKB and make it clear in the transaction (which is generally a transfer of fungible or non-fungible tokens)
that the node must invoke the BTC signature algorithm to perform the checksum when packaging the transaction.

When the signature verification is passed, the transaction is uploaded to the chain and the asset transfer is completed,
which means you control your Nervos CKB assets with your BTC private key.

For the same reason we can install any public chain's signature algorithm on Nervos CKB and then any public chain address can hold assets issued on the Nervos CKB.
Such an elegant "cross-chain" approach was inspired by the Lay2 team.
The PW-SDK they built is the infrastructure of the Nervos ecosystem and is the core secret of how DAS accounts can be held by any public chain address. ❤

Proof of Stake vs Proof of Work: The Case of Transaction Finality



In this article, we look at the two most popular consensus mechanisms - PoW and PoS - and evaluate them in terms of transaction finality.
We argue that PoS is doable but comes with trade-offs when it comes to transaction finality.
After all, PoS is dependent on deterministic transaction finality. Exactly this deterministic finality can be considered a problem.

Consensus mechanisms – or rather called security mechanisms as Ben Edgington would argue here – are an essential part of public blockchain architecture.
For its security, Bitcoin is famously relying on the Proof of Work mechanism. Ever since 2012, an alternative in the form of Proof
of Stake (PoS) has been introduced. Its primary claim is to reduce energy
consumption and lower hardware requirements for those nodes that participate in the production of blocks.
While with Proof of Work (PoW) these nodes are called miners, in Proof of Stake they are generally referred to as validators.

As a matter of fact, PoS has been introduced as a better alternative to PoW, mainly because it “produces” less waste.
While this assertion seems convincing at first sight, a more thorough examination of the argument invokes skepticism.
As has been laid out elsewhere in detail, if we refer specifically to waste rather than pollution, Proof of Stake is by no means necessarily less wasteful, since instead of energy used, capital is locked up that cannot be used alternatively.
Ultimately, PoW uses energy/hardware directly and specifically, while PoS uses capital/liquidity vaguely and generally.

So, although PoS is still considered the better alternative to PoW in mainstream circles, multiple valid criticisms have been raised against the concept of PoS.
These don’t outright prove that the concept is worthless but at least correct the notion that PoS is somehow fundamentally better than PoW. In this article, we will focus on a specific topic, the security aspects of PoW as well as PoS consensus related to transaction finality.

What is transaction finality?
When a Bitcoin transaction is broadcasted to the network and a miner includes it in a block, it is generally not considered “confirmed” until a few blocks are created on top of it.
This is the case because, with Bitcoin, naturally small chain reorganizations in the form of forks happen every now and then.
As a consequence of network latency, some nodes accept different blocks at the same block height, resulting in two blocks being created simultaneously.
Also, Bitcoin’s history of transactions can diverge because some nodes don’t accept particular transactions or blocks in the case of a potential network delay or Sybil attack.

Since the history of the Bitcoin blockchain can be reorganized, a block and its relative transactions cannot be considered immediately “final”.
Instead, Bitcoin is known to have probabilistic finality, meaning that while transaction reorganization is probabilistic, the probability of reversing transactions is a function of cost.
For miners to reverse transactions, they have to produce an alternative history that is costly.
The more blocks are built on top of a transaction, the more hash rate is required to create an alternative longest chain, lowering the probability of a reorganization.

As such, Bitcoin is commonly also said to have economic finality.
Even if it’s theoretically always possible to reorganize the Bitcoin blockchain, the probability for this to happen is very low due to economic incentives,
since it is much more economically attractive for a miner to make money producing valid blocks on the longest chain instead of trying to fork a competing chain.

The concept of deterministic finality
Being familiar with probabilistic or economic finality, one understands why the usually portrayed image of Bitcoin being immutable is not actually correct.
Still, from a user perspective, probably irreversible transactions would seem to be more desirable.
And in fact, there are protocols – mostly Proof of Stake ones – that claim to have deterministic finality, which means that once a transaction is included in a valid block and satisfies the relevant consensus rules,
it can no longer be reversed, while also achieving faster transaction confirmation.

In order to achieve such deterministic finality within a blockchain, a vote within a set of network participants is required.
Because of the voting mechanism, once blocks are final, it is not the longest chain rule (as in Bitcoin) that decides on the correct chain,
but the correct chain is determined and approved by a set of network nodes, acting as the ultimate authorities and accomplishing finality through their vote.

Implementing deterministic finality in Proof of Work chains
In theory, a mechanism similar to deterministic finality could be implemented in PoW chains too, implying an exception to the selection rule of the longest chain.
For example, it is possible to create checkpoints
for blocks at a specific height, so that nodes won’t reorganize the history up to that block even if they see an alternative longest chain.

Currently, in Bitcoin, the only checkpoints accepted are the ones configured locally by node maintainers themselves. On the protocol level, there are no checkpoints though.
The reason being that implementing any kind of deterministic finality or checkpointing system at the protocol level would introduce an unwanted source of centralization,
chain splits, or the risk of a stall of the network as we will explain further down the article.

There is general acceptance that introducing any sort of deterministic finality mechanism in Bitcoin would be considered more a bug than a feature.
Centralization risks of this kind should be avoided since the focus of Bitcoin developers is stability, security, resilience, and decentralization
of the network rather than faster on-chain transaction speed.
In general, Bitcoiners have always recognized that the goal of fast transaction confirmation would be achieved together with scalability through the implementation of a second layer (Lightning Network) by switching off-chain,
rather than increasing block frequency, block size, or implementing a finality tool for faster confirmation.

Deterministic finality: A necessity for Proof of Stake
So, if deterministic finality is a force for centralization, why are Proof of Stake protocols going for it?
The crux of the matter is: In Proof of Stakes, not having some kind of deterministic finality implemented on the consensus level poses security threats to the network, so it’s more a necessity than an option.

Let’s take a closer look at why this is: In Proof of Stake systems, it is theoretically possible that an entity has the power to rewrite the history of the chain without bearing significant costs.
Therefore, some sort of mechanism for enforcing deterministic finality must be implemented in PoS systems.

In fact, with PoS creating blocks doesn’t require any cost or effort expressed in energy, rather it requires the cost of having coins at stake (immobilized capital).
Nodes that have – or used to have – block creation privileges could use their power to propose an alternative chain to the network without having to bear any cost in the form of energy expenditure.

Such an attempt is generally called a “long-range attack”, in which the attackers may not bear any cost since they have “nothing at stake”.
For example, a few malicious participants within the network might sell all their previously staked coins, so that they now have no economic disincentives in attacking the chain,
and then create an alternative history from the moment in the past in which they had block creation privileges.

The problem with deterministic finality in PoS
In most Proof of Stake chains, the deterministic finality mechanism requires that two-thirds of the active participants of the network vote on the validity of blocks.
If the vote is cast in advance as a requirement to create a valid block (e.g. Algorand) and one-third of the stakers are missing, then the chain stalls.
Instead, if the vote is held after blocks are validated to finalize the chain up to a certain height (e.g. Polkadot, more in general Substrate), and some nodes are temporarily separated by the main network, they may end up finalizing a different chain, causing a permanent fork.

Because stalls or permanent forks may threaten the smooth functioning of the network and its convergence property, “slashing” conditions have been proposed for PoS systems.
For example, in Ethereum 2.0 with CASPER, nodes get penalized for going offline. Again, this “solution” may introduce new tradeoffs.
Out of fear of losing money due to slashing, stakers can be disincentivized from staking, for example in the case nodes become non-operational because of a DDoS attack.
And the fewer the stakers, the more the network is centralized.

Conclusion: Is the security of Bitcoin PoW still unparalleled?
All PoS systems are still experimental pieces of software lending themselves to serious considerations about centralization and other tradeoffs.
There is not a straightforward alternative technology ready to substitute PoW, which really has the same degree of decentralization the Bitcoin network has.
That being said: for governance, we see some sort of staking mechanism to provide a valid use case. Distributing the ownership within a DAO could be such a use case.
For a decentralized base layer blockchain though, we find it really hard to replace what is known as Bitcoin’s Nakamoto consensus in terms of security and decentralization.
Nevertheless, for the sake of innovation and progress, it is worth exploring any possible way, from PoS to interesting PoS/PoW hybrids.

Nervos Network Godwoken Announcement

Nervos Network is excited to announce Godwoken Game+ Blockchain! The 100% EVM Layer 2 optimistic rollup blockchain will now be spinning off into its own independent organization spearheaded by Eric Vander Wal,
CEO and former head of Developer Relations at Nervos Foundation, along with Flouse (CIO, former lead developer of Cryptape Engineering), JJY (CTO, former lead developer at Cryptape Engineering)
and other team members from Nervos Foundation and Cryptape Engineering. Additionally new members used to work at Apple, Blizzard and in the gaming industry will be joining the team from outside of these two organizations.

Godwoken Game+ Blockchain aims to prioritizes fun-first gaming through ecosystem incentives, support and cutting edge technology.
It will take a leading charge on web3 gaming transparency, sustainability and ethics.

Godwoken Game+ Blockchain is the first modular gaming full stack blockchain.

Pick and choose the pieces you want to use (or not), but know that each piece fits together as it should out of the box for the best blockchain gaming development experience.
However, that being said, we believe that no project in web3 (dApp or game) is an island and will benefit from a full and bustling web3 ecosystem of defi dApps, bridges, NFT projects and NFT marketplaces.

As many of you already know, Godwoken is 100% EVM Compatible so developers can use their favorite tooling and wallets right out of the box and get the Ethereum benefits without the cost.

Godwoken plans to release a full roadmap in the coming weeks which includes Godwoken metaverse wallet with social sign in (and nothing to download), frictionless prepaid gas (or gasless) API as a service,
easy web2 to web3 APIs and even game engine SDKs tailor made for Godwoken. All of this with a low cost and green energy footprint.
And as always, security comes from Nervos L1 Blockchain with maximized decentralization and sustainability through an open source design.

It is important to us that we acknowledge the team at Cryptape who has always worked closely with us to build some of the most amazing technology in the web3 space.
We also want to recognize the Nervos community and the support that you have always shown. And of course, the entire Nervos Foundation team!

In Q3 the Godwoken roadmap will be released so make sure to visit the website to get updates and stay on top of all news: https://godwoken.com/

The First Oracle on CKB is arriving on Godwoken

Nervos’ all-inclusive dapp ecosystem is rapidly becoming a one-stop-shop for developers to universal dapps on.
The Nervos Network being natively interoperable, comprises several cross-chain protocols and services, with the latest integration being with Band protocol, a decentralized oracle platform.
This is the next chapter of oracle integration for Band Protocol as the service was previously integrated with the Nervos CKB layer one.
Band’s oracle fits right into the Nervos ecosystem, offering an all-inclusive and cross-chain oracle service for blockchains without compromising security, reliability, or trust.
Band’s secure, fast, and robust price feeds will empower data-driven dApps of all use cases by granting them access to reliable data.

Band Protocol offers a forward-compatible, blockchain-agnostic oracle that is secure and decentralized to bring real-world data into web3.
To date, Band Protocol is integrated with over 25 platforms and serves an average of around 33,000 requests per day.
As the Nervos ecosystem strives to become the universal access point for web3, Band’s integration adds another tool for dApps to flourish in a secure and decentralized way.

Band can aggregate and connect real-world data and APIs to smart contracts on Godwoken, further enabling DeFi protocols, prediction markets solutions,
and games to be built on Godwoken without the need to rely on the single point of failure of a centralized oracle.
Band also provides customization that is tailored to each project’s needs. An example is Hadouken, which will rely on Band’s oracles for its lending function.
Hadouken will be the first dApp on Godwoken that will offer a DeFi hub for users to perform a variety of actions,
including being able to lend out and borrow against their CKB and the ability to interoperate with tokens from other platforms like Ethereum and the Binance BNB Chain.
Band allows Hadouken to function as intended by providing real-time, secure, and decentralized price feeds and off-chain data that are constantly served.

To learn more about Band, visit bandprotocol.com or follow @BandProtocol on Twitter. To learn more about Nervos, visit https://www.nervos.org/ or follow @NervosNetwork on Twitter.

Multichain integrates with Godwoken to Continue the Path Forward to Interoperability

Multichain is a cross-chain routing protocol that offers no slippage and arbitrary data transmission through bridging, routing, and smart contract calls.
The protocol is integrated with over 60 blockchain platforms and has deployed nearly 3,000 bridges for assets, NFT and cross-chain messages. Godwoken,
a Layer 2 optimistic rollup built on Nervos, continues to support key infrastructure integrations that further the progress in developing a state-of-the-art interoperable web3 ecosystem.

Nervos as the universal access point to cross-chain routing

This integration establishes another critical pillar in creating a unified web3 ecosystem that can utilize the Nervos architecture as a universal access point to all networks.
Users can seamlessly interact with assets and different types of data on different chains using the Multichain protocol, all through Godwoken.

The Multichain Cross-Chain bridge will allow assets on Godwoken to be sent to another chain,



while the Cross-Chain Router enables any assets to be transferred between Godwoken chains, no matter if they are issued natively or created with Multichain’s Bridge.



To learn more, check out the Multichain documentation.

With the upcoming releases, a new wave of cryptocurrencies, NFTs, and arbitrary messages will start transferring to Godwoken, unlocking new capabilities and use cases.
Assets like USDC, USDT, DAI, ETH, and wBTC (to name a few) will become part of the Nervos ecosystem through the Multichain Bridge.

“It’s a great pleasure to be the cross-chain bridge to support the Godwoken network. Multichain will work together with Nervos to further promote its interoperability and push the boundaries of the multi-chain era, “ said Zhaojun, Co-Founder and CEO of Multichain.

In the words of Terry Tai, Co-Founder of Nervos: “We are excited to have Multichain as part of the Godwoken blockchain, and for all the new doors of interoperability between chains it opens up.”

To learn more about Multichain, visit https://multichain.org/ or follow @MultichainOrg on Twitter. To learn more about Nervos, visit https://www.nervos.org/ or follow @NervosNetwork on Twitter.

About Multichain

Multichain proves a Cross-Chain Router Protocol (CRP), an infrastructure for cross-chain interoperability, envisioned to be the ultimate router for Web3. To date,
Multichain supports a constantly growing ecosystem of EVM and non-EVM chains (over 60) and deployed bridges (nearly 3,000). Multichain, envisioned  to be the ultimate router for Web3.0, is working hard to push the boundary of multi-chain.

Recap of PoW vs PoS discussion on Fork It Podcast — Part 1
Crypto currency mixer Tornado Cash has been sanctioned by the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC).
Currently it looks like over 66% of the beacon chain validators will adhere to OFAC regulations.

The Merge is on the horizon and Ethereum is about to move its consensus mechanism to Proof of Stake (PoS). Will Ethereum face protocol level censorship after the Merge?
If so, what will this mean? Would it be different if its consensus mechanism was PoW?

In this episode of Fork It, a Chinese podcast program for blockchain technology, our host Terry (co-founder of Nervos Network) invited Cipher, founder of Nervina Labs, to talk about PoW and PoS in depth.

Here is the full recap:

Introduction
Terry: Good day to everybody. In this episode, we’ll discuss what you might consider a cliché, PoW vs. PoS.
It has become a hot topic due to recent events like the sanction against Tornado Cash and the upcoming merge of Ethereum.
We have our old friend Cipher here to discuss this topic this time. Cipher, please say hi to everyone.

Cipher: Hello, everyone. I’m Cipher.

Terry: Although Cipher is an old friend, there could be some new listeners; therefore, I’d prefer if you started by sharing your blockchain-related experiences.

Cipher: I am a veteran, although a pretty inexperienced one. I learned about Bitcoin in 2013, but I was not a believer then.
I regarded bitcoin as a practical T+0 investment at the time because I was working on other endeavors full-time.
I created a trading bot at the time and earned about ¥300,000 from only a few thousand.

Terry: A quick question. Were you superior, or were the trading competitors too weak then?

Cipher: At the time, there were few trading bots. Hence there weren’t many rivals in the market. My approach was fairly simple:
purchase after two consecutive upswings and sell after two straight downturns. I earned money that way.
There was a window of time, perhaps two or three months, after which this tactic ceased to be effective. Then, I stopped for several reasons, including regulatory concerns.

I didn’t enter the blockchain industry until 2016 when I started to work on research and products of a consortium blockchain project.
After that, I joined the public blockchain project until last year; then I began working on an independent NFT project.
I started a new project this year and have moved to Singapore to do something big.

Terry: Cool! I will first provide some background information to set the stage for our discussion on PoW vs. PoS today.
The recent sanction against Tornado Cash protocol by the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) of the US Treasury Department and the arrest of one of its core developers in the Netherlands caused a stir.
It’s a big deal, and some centralized organizations, including exchanges, wallets, and even the front ends of some blockchain applications, are active in banning addresses that connect with Tornado Cash.

Another background is the upcoming merge of Ethereum, where its consensus mechanism will be upgraded to PoS.

The third background is that it currently looks like over 66% of the beacon chain validators will adhere to OFAC regulations.
A poll was launched on Twitter on the possibility of these validators censoring Ethereum at the protocol level in the future.
Since there is a significant difference between the two in terms of how they handle protocol-level censorship, the debate between PoW and PoS has become more intense.

Therefore, there is a necessity to produce an episode to talk about PoW and PoS. This is also an opportunity to dispel some common misunderstandings regarding PoW.

The Relationship Between PoW and PoS
Terry: First, let’s limit the scope to layer 1 because there may be different choices beyond this scope. Cipher, should our future global money be built on PoW or PoS?
What is the relationship between PoW and PoS? Is PoS a progressive, a regressive, or are they not progressive or regressive, but rather like left and right?

Cipher: I think PoS and PoW are two choices of the path. There is no progress or regression.

I want to clarify that PoS and PoW are two methods of selecting the node to produce blocks. They are not the entire consensus mechanism.
The consensus mechanism should include at least other equally important things, such as which chain is the right one when there are forks, block rewards, punishment, etc.

From the perspective of selecting the node to produce blocks, PoW is connected to off-chain variables, such as hash rate, energy consumption, chips, electricity prices, local regulations, etc. In contrast,
PoS is more connected to on-chain factors, such as token distribution, staking percentage, etc.

So it is easy to understand that PoW and PoS have nothing to do with who replaces whom or who is more advanced.
They choose two separate paths, one relying on off-chain variables and the other depending on on-chain factors to determine which node will produce the next block.
They are designed to fit different use cases.

I wrote a blog post titled Mining to the Left, Staking to the Right a few years ago, and I used left and right to describe the relationship between PoW and PoS. My opinion is unchanged.

Two Types of Public Blockchains
Terry: I vaguely remember you mentioning two types of public blockchains in that blog post. Can you explain a bit more?

Cipher: There are two typical application scenarios for blockchains. One is anti-censorship, similar to bitcoin fundamentalism, which entails seizing control of your property rights.
The ability to build dApps or DeFi applications on the blockchain and improve TPS is less important than the core task — anti-censorship. This is one direction for public blockchains.

Another direction is designed for open finance, which is not necessarily decentralized finance. Compared with the current financial system, open finance is already a very revolutionary thing.
We can build incredible financial applications on it, and third parties can be added to the monetary system. The so-called DeFi can significantly improve productivity and economic efficiency.
Users may not be so concerned about whether it is resistant to censorship and may even embrace the regulation.

In short, the first type of public blockchain mainly solves the problem of how to resist censorship. In contrast, the other type mainly solves the problem of global collaboration via open finance.
Can these two types of public blockchains be merged? It is possible, but they must be in different layers.
If you want to merge them all in the same layer, such as in layer 1, I don’t think you will succeed as there is a technical limit.
There must be a trade-off.

Terry: When you wrote that blog post, you must have classified Ethereum as the first type of blockchain, right?

Cipher: Yes, at least the notion that Ethereum Foundation and Vitalik were promoting to the public tells us that Ethereum belongs to the first type.
However, it turns out to be more like the second type of blockchain. The result speaks louder.

Terry: So, after the merge to PoS, Ethereum is more likely to be the second type of public blockchain, right?

Cipher: Yes. The reason why there are now so many arguments about Ethereum is due to the path it chooses. It is not a technical problem but a choice problem from different approaches.
For example, there’s also a lot of controversy on Ethereum EIP-1559. You can find out that EIP-1559 does not help to improve TPS, nor does it reduce the gas fee. It only weakens the rights of miners.
This is the choice Ethereum made, and it has nothing to do with technology but political things.

PoW or PoS, which is more suitable for layer 1 blockchain?
Terry: We narrowed down the topic to layer 1; we want to serve as global money and be the first type of public blockchain you mentioned above.
I believe you also favor PoW over PoS; am I correct? What are your thoughts about that?

Cipher: Yes. I need audiences to think about one question: What is blockchain’s core value? Or, what kind of problems does blockchain solve?

This question was discussed frequently before the massive emergence of DeFi applications. At that time, the blockchain only had a payment function, which was largely weakened due to various reasons.
For example, many users regarded bitcoin as a SoV (store of value) and were less willing to pay for things in bitcoin. There were few applications, and users repeatedly asked “why should I use Bitcoin?.”

The application layer has been the center of attention for the previous two years. As NFT and DeFi applications grow in scope, users appear to be less concerned with blockchain’s core value.
That is a meta question and one of the most important ones in the blockchain world. Many later things are genuinely in the air if that question is not fully discussed.

In the past years, there were many labels for the blockchain, such as a non-reversible public database, a global computer, etc. All these labels are right, but one definite key word is missing: no permission is required.
Blockchain is a license-less, tamper-evident global public database, a license-less global computer. All of these labels are accurate but missing one important word — permissionless.
Blockchain is a permissionless non-reversible public database and a permissionless global computer.

If you remove the word “permissionless,” you’ll find that you don’t need a blockchain to achieve it.
A non-reversible public database can be created via hashed digital signatures, and a global computer can be achieved with the help of Amazon cloud service or some open APIs.
Permissionless can only be achieved through a blockchain.

I believe that the blockchain system is the first and only open system created by humans that is permissionless.
All other systems require permissions; to use them, you must, for instance, use your ID card to create an account or have someone else make an account on your behalf.
Therefore, things like performance improvements, privacy protection, cross-chain bridges, sharding, NFTs, and so on are the tall buildings sitting on top of the foundation of blockchain technology, which must first be established well.

PoS outperforms PoW in several aspects, including performance, energy consumption, etc.

However, nearly all PoS proponents, even the most aggressive defenders, have to admit that PoW works better in terms of permissionless.
Anyone can send a transaction in PoW since there is a considerably lower entrance barrier, while PoS weakens the permissionless for various reasons.
So, in my opinion, PoW maintains the ideological stance of permissionless, and it has to make sacrifices in other aspects.

PoS has gone farther and farther down the road of practicality. Delegate service was unavailable in the early PoS blockchain projects, but it was eventually added.
The later PoS blockchain projects, like Solana, are becoming increasingly centralized. You will find out that they have started to operate more and more like the traditional financial systems.

I think PoS blockchain projects are more like the next generation of central banks or Wall Street, with greater openness.
Data is more accessible as anybody can access and read it on-chain, but there is no assurance that you can write data on-chain or won’t be censored when you write the data.

The PoW mechanism has always represented a rebellious force against financial tyranny.
You can go to Wikipedia and search for “Cantillon Effect,” an effect related to the money supply, for a better understanding of economic tyranny.

Therefore, I believe that the PoW mechanism will probably never become mainstream because of its limited performance, even though it is incredibly hardcore.
However, I would find it quite dull if PoS were the only consensus mechanism surviving in a decentralized world. That’s why I am firmly in favor of PoW.

Brainiac Finance: Roadmap Deep Dive
Brainiac Finance is the first smart lending market on Nervos that will open up a new way to borrow and lend while earning good APY, all in a fully decentralized setting.
The initial launch on Nervos Godwoken is planned for September 2022, and the Brainiac team has extensive development plans for the future of Brainiac Finance.

Asset Voting
In the near future, voting for assets to add will be enabled. Anyone can propose an asset, and everyone can vote for and against it.
After an asset successfully gets passed via voting, it will be added to the interface and will become available for lending and borrowing.



This transition to $BRAIN-based voting mechanics will help Brainiac Finance eventually shift to a fully decentralized entity living on Godwoken.
Our aim is to be completely community-first and fully decentralized, where the community plays as important a role as the core development team.

Safepal support
Once Brainiac Finance is launched, Full Dapp support to execute all transactions using Safepal Wallet is live.

vTokens
A relatively small user-side improvement to allow protocol participants to export their lender position in the form of tokens. vTokens are both tradeable and transferrable.

BrainUSD(BAI)
Brainiac Finance is designed to be a complete digital assets ecosystem, and introducing a stablecoin will be one of the next steps of that path.

BrainUSD (BAI) is a future stablecoin cryptocurrency that aims to keep its value as close to one United States dollar (USD) as possible.
It will be regulated by Brainiac DAO & $BRAIN holders, who may vote on changes to certain defined parameters to ensure stability.



Minting BAI will be as simple as borrowing: technically, there’ll be no difference between minting BAI or borrowing USD(T/C) for a basket of other coins.
Of course, when there’s borrowing, there will be liquidations.

Altogether, BAI is a collateralized debt position (CDP) via Brainiac Finance to secure assets as collateral on the blockchain.
With this architecture, BAI falls into the category of Crypto-Backed Stablecoins (similar to DAI/Oasis) as opposed to algorithmic stablecoins (sUSD, USDN) or fiat-backed stablecoins (USDT, USDC).
If we continue that analogy, $BRAIN is set to play a role similar to one of MKR, one of the most stable and battle-tested systems in existence.

Fees earned from minting BAI is set to be distributed among Brain stakers.

Protocol Governance and Profit Distribution

$BRAIN stakers get direct control of the protocol
Every decision made, whether good or bad, is to be voted through on-chain governance.
We are fully determined to be a community first protocol, and are committed to not making the same mistakes as Web2.0

This is how it will work: Every transaction, any proposal to change the rules of the game, can be created by anyone — but it needs to pass voting to get applied.
Everyone gets a chance to review, comment and vouch for or against it. After the vote has passed, anyone can broadcast the transaction, making the changes effective immediately.

This is the essence of pure DeFi governance, powered by Godwoken’s flexible smart contract system.

BRAIN stakers directly share revenue of the protocol
Revenue streams from all lending pools will be shared across $BRAIN Stakers.



It’s as simple as this: if you stake Brain, you get revenue. Governance and profit distribution can only come together.

Mobile and UI/UX Upgrades
We plan on continuing upgrades to improve our user experience on the Brainiac Finance dApp.
As part of the Brainiac community and by investing into the system, be completely assured that we will keep making consistent improvements to our dApp to increase ease of use for all users.

What Next?
Brainiac Finance has partnered with YokaiSwap for the Initial Dex Offering (IDO) of our native token $BRAIN.

$BRAIN will be the first IDO hosted on Godwoken since it’s upgrade to v1 and we hope the community will participate in it.

More details about the IDO and how you can participate in it will be released soon.

Follow us

🌐 Website: https://brainiac.fi

🐤 Twitter: https://twitter.com/BrainiacFinance

😻 Discord: https://discord.gg/FcUQnEyyYc

👋🏻 Telegram: https://t.me/brainiac_official

Docs: https://docs.brainiac.fi

Introducing NevDEX, DeFi exchange platform built on Nervos

Today we are introducing NevDEX, NevDEX is a DeFi exchange platform built on Godwoken, an optimistic rollup solution on Nervos Network.
NevDEX has the ecosystem on Godwoken with its Exchange, Yield Farming, NFT,etc.

NevDEX is one of the projects that received Grant from Nervos Network.The name of the NevDEX is coming from the two words Nervos and DEX (Decentralized Exchange).
We aims at providing the Nervos Network users with a comprehensive infrastructure for trading and ensuring a CEX-competitive user experience.
Thus, NevDex’s vision is the extension of DeFi services offered on Nervos Network and other blockchains as well as the attraction and onboarding of the CeFi audience to on-chain trading and investments.

Discover NevDEX’s DEX

NevDEX is an order book based DEX. Trading through an order book is traditionally cheaper than AMM swapping because AMMs have to pay liquidity providers the fees paid by users to incentivize them to keep sufficient liquidity.
Order book DEXes don’t have traditional liquidity pools, thus their fees are lower.

Furthermore, the order book prices are more accurate compared to AMMs: market makers constantly rebalance the liquidity according to the index price sourced from several centralized and decentralized exchanges.
If the liquidity is deep, the execution of a large order will not result in the price fluctuation as it happens on AMM DEXes that calculate the price depending on the amount of paired tokens in the liquidity pool.

Built on Nervos Godwoken

Nervos Godwoken was the obvious choice, the EVM compatible layer 2 built on Nervos Layer 1. Godwoken provides instant transaction finality with low fees and a completely Ethereum compatible environment
on Nervos that’s being built will allow us to be a leading exchange platform with low transaction costs and fast transaction speed.

NevDEX is a community lead project.Through open-sourcing the project, we are making NevDEX accessible to all interested developers, security auditors and the whole community.

We plan to launch the DEX on Godwoken Testnet in Aug 2022. This early testnet release includes the basic features essential for order book trading:

- Order book
- Matching engine
- Market and limit orders

While more information regarding our tokenomics and token distribution will be released soon. Stay tuned for the next updates.

Join NevDEX’s community:

Twitter — https://twitter.com/NevDEX_

Discord — https://discord.gg/wBAHdkQUj7

XP Network Finishes Integrating its NFT Bridge on Nervos to Initiate the First Interoperable Creator Economy

XP Network integrates its powerful cross-chain NFT bridge to further Nervos' goal of becoming a platform for universal and interoperable applications.
The NFT bridge connects together a wide range of EVM and non-EVM chains. XP has now added support for Godwoken, a L2 network built on Nervos.

Nervos Network offers a robust platform for universal applications. More recently, the Nervos Network has been developing a rich NFT ecosystem consisting of several marketplaces and products driven by content creators and providers.
Thanks to the latest integration with the powerful XP Network NFT bridge, the NFT ecosystem on Nervos can now go cross-chain.
Using XP Network's JavaScript API library, users can connect any dApp, chain, or NFT collection to not only tap into the multi-chain NFT ecosystem but start creating the first interoperable NFT ecosystem, connecting major chains like Ethereum, Polygon, Solana, and more.
The bridge enables cross-chain marketplaces, NFT-based games, and cross-chain DeFi.
It offers a range of possibilities, such as controlling an NFT on Nervos that lives on another chain, transferring NFTs with their original smart contract logic, and allowing users to select the token they'd like to use to transact on the network.
This is incredibly convenient for NFT users in EVM-based environments who can control their NFT natively, directly from Nervos.

The bridge has been built to satisfy the needs of different users on the Nervos Network and offers a compact solution for NFT transactions, the first of its kind.
Now, NFT users on Nervos can use the bridge's user interface to transact and trade.
All users, such as NFT owners, traders, investors, collectors, and artistic content creators, can seamlessly control NFTs from the user interface.

Nervos developers can utilise the JavaScript library to create the first real cross-chain games.
Players spread across blockchains can use Godwoken's design to seamlessly play games with users on other networks through the XP Network bridge.
Those creating and maintaining cross-chain marketplaces can save a ton on expenditures and developer hours by using the ever-growing JS library which allows users to purchase NFTs from any chain while paying for the assets and the transaction fees with the token of their choice.
In addition, NFT projects which prefer global over local presence can expose freshly minted collections to hundreds of communities at once as the bridge widens the reach of their NFTs.

For wrapped NFTs to be considered "native" on foreign chains, they must be minted according to the standard of the target chains. The XP Network NFT Bridge is the sole NFT gateway for several chains (Elrond, Algorand, Tezos, Velas, Fuse to name a few).
The bridge converts native NFTs of the departure chain to the corresponding standards on the destination chain (for example: the ERC-721 standard for EVM-based blockchains). XP Network aims to become the one-stop solution for the global NFT ecosystem.

Xdaoapp deployed to Godwoken on Nervos



What is XDAO?
Taking a look at their mission statement it says;

“XDAO is a smart DAOtooling for crypto entrepreneurs. Its currently supported by 25 blockchains”

“Build your DAO by contributing only time to your consultations”

XDAO Pro is a consulting service for creating unique DAOs exclusively to the client's desires. We help to work out all the specifics of the organisation, tokenomics, and the development of additional one-of-a-kind modules.

Want to create a DAO and don't know how to start? Its probable that you have a specific request for your DAO, but building it on your own can take a long time to research and develop, even with existing DAO builders.
With XDAO Pro, you will get the product by contributing your time only to consultation. We provide legal and technical support throughout the creating process and after the launch.

With XDAO, you can count upon experts to guide you.

- We will do all the work after the consultation, and consider all your requests.

- XDAO provides technical support for your DAO after the launch.

- Dependent on your economic model, we provide legal support to your project.

- We can arrange training for your employees on how to manage your DAO.

- Setting up one-of-a-kind modules and connect them to your existing DAO is possible.

- Aid in the creation of a DAO workflow with the connection to different managing tools.

- Developing a personal UI for your DAO.

- Altering your project governance to be decentralised.

What can it be used for? Well XDAO says this:

- Trust Management

-Venture investments

- Hedgefunds

- Gaming guild and NFT funds

- Project money management

- Charity funds

How do I get started?

You can head to this page below where you fill out our form before booking an advisory, or let our manager help you fill it on consultation.

Get ready to answer our questions about your DAO. We may need more than one consultation to provide you with the best result.

We will provide legal and technical support for your DAO, and consider the economic model of your project.

https://www.xdao.app/pro

Check out the site for more information fellow Nervos fans.

.bit Raises $13M Series A Funding to Build Cross-chain Decentralized Identity Protocol

On the first anniversary of launching .bit, we are excited to announce that .bit has closed $13 million in a Series A funding round from CMB International, HashKey Capital, QingSong Fund, GSR Ventures, GGV Capital, and SNZ.

.bit, an open-sourced decentralized identity protocol built on the blockchain, is committed to providing permissionless and irrevocable decentralized identity for individual users and DAOs,
establishing the awareness of identity sovereignty around the world. With the joint effort from the development team and the community during the past year, .bit has achieved a breakthrough from 0 to 1 and reached rapid growth for both user and active developer communities. So far, more than 38k independent addresses have registered for more than 110k .bit accounts, and nearly 100 mainstream wallets and Dapps have integrated with .bit (please check here).

Users have never really controlled or even owned our identity online or offline. In Web2 world, social accounts used to present who we are or how we relate with others are stored on centralized tech giants,
who can easily revoke or tamper with the data. Platforms can block our accounts at any time, refuse to provide services, and thus remove users from their own social graphs.

According to World Bank, nearly one billion people in the world have no form of legal identity, meaning they cannot prove who they are,
not able to obtain basic national healthcare or benefits, not able to accept fair education, and not able to own suffrage rights. The exclusion of these people from access to legal identification is one of the most crucial global human rights challenges.

The emergence of blockchain technology, with the permissionless and irrevocable features, makes it possible for us to truly own and control our data and identities.
Permissionless means that we can own an identity on the blockchain at any time, and no one can stop us; Irrevocability means that no one can erase the identity we already have. We will thus realize identity sovereignty, both as individuals and as organizations.

We are excited and confident to be a part of the challenging work of building the infrastructure for Web3 identity protocol.

To construct the leading decentralized identity system and expand the adoption of the decentralized identity, .bit team will apply the funds and resources to the following areas:

Cross-chain
We believe that Web3 is not only about blockchain, and blockchain is not only about one specific public chain. As Web3 citizens, we need a cross-chain unified decentralized identity solution.
What makes .bit stand out from its competitors is a combination of cross-chain feature and cryptographic level security.
It means any public chain or even non-blockchain users can adopt .bit as their decentralized identities and switch their accounts among chains.

.bit has supported Ethereum, Tron, Binance Smart Chain, Nervos CKB, and Polygon. In the future, .bit will cover all mainstream public chains such as Bitcoin, Dogecoin, Polkadot, Solana, etc., as well as software and hardware devices that support asymmetric encryption algorithms.

Cross-culture
The world is culturally diverse with multiple languages and writing systems. People should be able to register their decentralized identities with the languages they prefer for daily use.
However, similar characters shared among different writing systems provide possibilities for fraud.

.bit Team is committed to the challenging task of supporting all the writing systems in the world while preventing scams and frauds as much as possible,
so that users from different cultures in the world can own reliable decentralized identities and get equal chance to enter Web3 ecosystem safely.

Cross-verse
Cryptocurrency transfer, decentralized domain resolution, personal profile display, etc. are only parts of the usage scenarios of .bit.
As an identity protocol, .bit could be widely used as membership and credential management for DAOs, brands and IPs, celebrities and fans, clubs and communities, etc.

.bit is a unified identity for users to take into different spaces including centralized and decentralized applications.
The team will build a series of robust tools to help all types of application developers to integrate with .bit easily, which ultimately provides users with an exceptional experience.

Upcoming Features
NameDAO
To encourage people with different cultural backgrounds to use decentralized identity and improve cultural diversity in Web3, we initiate the concept of NameDAO.
By handing over a portion of the .bit protocol revenue to the DAOs, the team aims to motivate more people around the world to spread their culture and better access Web3 through NameDAO.

Visit https://namedao.xyz for more information.

Sub-account
We encourage you to issue sub-accounts to DAO members, brand adopters, fans, etc., to strengthen the bonding within communities in a Web3 style.

Visit https://www.did.id/sub-account for more information.

4-9 digits account available to 100%; open up 3 digits account
We always insist on gradually increasing the availability of .bit accounts as the global influence of the project expands.
Such a strategy brought an unsatisfactory registration experience to users to some extent, but it also reflects our determination to launch .bit in a fair way.

Now, .bit has integrated with the leading wallets and Dapps, and the community is growing strong and active. We think it is time to further lower the threshold for registering accounts.

We will announce the specific rules on the official Twitter @dotbitHQ very soon.

Covalent Integrates with Nervos Network to Increase Transparency of On-Chain Data

Covalent, a Web3 data provider and Unified API Key creator is integrating with the Nervos Network. The new partnership between Covalent and Nervos is essential in transforming the Web3 data experience,
making the information needed to power decentralized applications more accessible to projects and developers. Currently,
 Covalent sources data from 35+ blockchains to provide its industry-leading Unified API Key, which can access balances, positions, historical granular transaction data, and more.

“Covalent came to life amid a bear market with the mission of building the most comprehensive blockchain data ecosystem via our Unified API,” said Ganesh Swami, CEO and co-founder at Covalent.
“Since then, over 3,000 projects have been able to use and build with our API. The Covalent API makes indexing and organizing blockchain data a process that can take enormous amounts of time, simpler and less time-consuming.
As we continue to innovate and expand the Web3 space, projects that allow developers and creators accessible solutions are more critical now than ever.”

“We recognize that the Web3 space is not always the simplest or the most user friendly,” said Terry Tai, CEO of the Nervos Foundation.
“For Web3 to become mainstream, and for mass adoption to occur, users have to be able to understand and engage with various platforms and applications.
As part of our vision, we are thrilled to partner with Covalent to make the mission of simplifying Web3 possible.
Nervos Network’s integration with Covalent’s Unified API provides a time efficient solution and reduces workflow complexity,
which will help developers shift their focus towards building innovative technologies that will truly expand the Web3 space.”

Querying on-chain information from the Nervos Layer 2 solution, Godwoken, will follow an intuitive, user-friendly process:
users will only need to specify the relevant chain ID when calling the APIs that Covalent users are already familiar with.

The Covalent Unified API grants access to popular data points for the Godwoken Chain including:

- Token balances for an address
- Historical portfolio value of an address over time
- ERC20 token transfers of an address
- All NFT token IDs of a collection
- Decentralized exchange liquidity pools of an address
- Decentralized exchange transactions of an address
- To learn more about Covalent visit covalenthq.com or follow =https://twitter.com/covalent_hq@Covalent_HQ on Twitter.
To learn more about Nervos, visit https://www.nervos.org/ or follow @NervosNetwork on Twitter.

About Covalent
Covalent provides the industry-leading Unified API bringing visibility to billions of Web3 data points.
Developers use Covalent to build exciting multi-chain applications like crypto wallets, NFT galleries, and investor dashboard tools utilizing data from 35+ blockchains.
Covalent is trusted by a community of 32,000+ developers and powers data for 3000+ applications including 0x, Zerion, Rainbow Wallet, Rotki, Bitski and many others.

Dot.Bit Project

Why assets on CKB can be managed by BTC address
First, this is not "cross-chain"
Cross-chain usually means assets are locked on chain A and corresponding assets are created on chain B. In fact, assets on Nervos CKB will not appear on BTC, nor assets on BTC will appear on Nervos CKB.
Nervos CKB is simply compatible with any public chain's account (address) system.

Understanding from a non-technical perspective
Let's make some analogies by comparing a public chain to a country, and the address of the chain to the resident ID of the country.

1. ETH public chain --> United States
2. ETH address --> U.S. ID card
3. BTC public chain --> United Kingdom
4. BTC Address --> UK ID
5. Nervos CKB Public Chain --> Country C
6. Nervos CKB Address --> Country C ID

Currently, a resident must have a U.S. ID to hold and manage assets in the U.S., which is the same in the UK. The two countries do not recognize each other's national IDs.

However, for Nervos CKB, a new C country, not only residents with C country IDs but residents from other countries can hold assets here as long as they provide valid IDs elsewhere.

To further explain, a BTC user sending assets issued on the Nervos CKB in a BTC wallet can be regarded as a U.S. resident selling his or her home in Country C with a valid U.S. ID. And this process is officially recognized by country C (verified by the Nervos CKB node).

Technical Understanding
Nervos CKB is compatible with BTC's account system, which means that Nervos CKB is a chain that verifies the signature of a BTC private key on a Nervos CKB transaction.

Normally speaking:

1. The BTC chain can only verify the signature of a BTC private key to a BTC transaction, so does ETH. When the signature is verified and the transaction is on chain, users can control their BTC assets with their own BTC private keys.
2. At the same time, the signature algorithm of the BTC/ETH chain is fixed, and the program logic of the signature verification process is also predetermined. Adding a new signature algorithm will cause the hard fork of the entire chain.

However, Nervos CKB has some new features:

1. Adding a new signature algorithm to a Nervos CKB chain will not cause CKB to hard fork. The new signature algorithm will be installed on the Nervos CKB like a plug-in.
2. Anyone can deploy any signature algorithm on a Nervos CKB at anytime(it's just a binary program).
3. Users can specify which signature algorithm needed to be invoked to verify the transaction on the Nervos CKB.
4. When Nervos CKB nodes package the transaction, it then runs the particular signature algorithm to verify the transaction. When the checksum is passed, the transaction will be uploaded on chain.

That's why users can install the BTC signature algorithm on Nervos CKB and make sure that the node must invoke the BTC signature algorithm to perform the checksum when packaging the transaction(which is generally a transfer of fungible or non-fungible tokens).
After the verification is passed, the transaction is uploaded on chain and the assets transfer is completed, which means users control their Nervos CKB assets with their BTC private keys.

For the same reason we can install any public chain's signature algorithms on Nervos CKB and any public chain address is able to hold assets issued on Nervos CKB.

Such an elegant "cross-chain" approach was inspired by the Lay2 team. The PW-SDK they built is the infrastructure of the Nervos ecosystem and is the core of how .bit accounts can be held by any public chain address. ❤

Get your dot.bit address on did.id

Introducing Jioswap.Finance — A new multi-chain AMM & cross-chain bridge for stablecoins and pegged crypto assets on Nervos Network.

Jioswap a hybrid function market-making protocol (HFMM), specifically designed to save users money by enabling low-slippage trading of stable coins & pegged crypto assets,
while allowing liquidity providers to earn passively via trading fees, yield farming and staking.

With Nervos Network built as a multi layer system, this was the obvious starting point in establishing interoperability while,
Leveraging its Layer 2 chain; GodWoken to solve some of the issues and pain points, users currently face in the Web3 & Defi ecosystem.
With the launch of GodWoken’s Mainnet around the corner, Jioswap has positioned itself as an anchor in providing a suite of cross-chain tools for the Nervos ecosystem.

Building for the future
Jioswap aims to create a suite of cross-chain tools starting with the jio-bridge and the jio cross-chain swap, which will enable transactions between Nervos GodWoken and numerous supported L1 & L2 chains such as Etheruem,
BSC, Arbitrum , Aurora, Meter, Oasis, Fantom and other chains always in the works. Cross-chain bridges enable users to send, swap and receive assets across numerous networks, seamlessly.

How’s jioswap different from other AMMs?
If a DeFi user is looking to swap $100,000 USDC to USDT , considering there’s sufficient amount of liquidity to do so. Using the traditional AMM such as Sushiswap, PancakeSwap, yokai swap etc.
The minimum you’d receive would be roughly $98165.8 USDT and maximum would be around $98656.6 losing $1343.40 to $1834.2 in value. If you were to use Jioswap instead, you’d receive $99,849.8269 — almost zero slippage.
Jio’s protocol is specifically designed for pegged assets, and as a result, it is much more efficient than an AMM such as Sushiswap that is not optimized to do so.



The big question : When $JIO Token? Soon token!

Find out more by Joining the community and getting involved:

Discord: https://discord.gg/cXgH4BW7EB

Twitter: https://twitter.com/jioswap

Website: https://jioswap.finance

Telegram: https://t.me/jio_ann

Github: https://github.com/jioswap

Encentive a Web3 OS Receives a Nervos Infrastructure Grant
New York, July 27, 2022– — Encentive has received a grant from the Nervos foundation to integrate Encentive’s turn-key, multi-chain dApp building platform with the Nervos Layer 2 “Godwoken”.

The Encentive Web3 OS deployment on the Ethereum-equivalent Godwoken mainnet will extend capabilities to community leaders, influencers, and enterprises who use Encentive to instantly create and customize modules for their own DeFi apps.
Encentive’s Web3 OS capabilities include farming, staking, NFT market places, GameFi, OTC, and more. With these tools community leaders can dramatically increase the empowerment and growth potential of the communities they serve.

Encentive enables anyone with a community following to create a DEX overnight on many chains at once and customize the DEX’s properties to best serve and incentivize their community.
Now that this capability has been extended to the Nervos Layer 2, it opens a wide range of brand new DeFi opportunities for the larger Nervos community and beyond.

The infrastructure initiative with Nervos is a critical extension of Encentive’s Web3 OS, adding momentum to Encentive’s core mission to help users and organizations to incentivise their communities with powerful Web3 applications,
including sophisticated DeFi marketplace tools such as staked and farmed trading pairs, customized liquidity provider fees, native tokens & NFTs, airdrop functions, and user referral rewards.
Encentive’s robust cross-chain capability includes pioneering work with Alchemy Pay to offer fiat-to-crypto on/off ramps, allowing users to seamlessly employ DeFi functions that require crypto transactions from their wallet addresses as well as credit card payment options.

Godwoken is the first Layer 2 network built on the Nervos Common Knowledge Base (CKB). The Ethereum-equivalent optimistic rollup solution enables projects building across a variety of sectors,
including DeFi, gaming, and NFTs, to easily create or quickly port their dApps while using familiar Ethereum development tools.

As the Encentive and Nervos ecosystems deepen their integration, a leading model for application deployment and access will emerge, lowering barriers and accelerating the inevitable migration of Web2’s billions of users to Web3.

About Encentive
The Encentive Web3 OS enables code-free overnight deployment of peer-to-peer DeFi apps and marketplaces starting from a community of one, plus fiat/crypto on/off ramps.
Any individual or organization can establish the next great DeFi app or marketplace almost instantly, complete with farming and staking, fine-tuned to benefit and serve the governance needs and trading preferences of their own unique communities and missions.
The Encentive Web3 OS DeFi dApp Builder gives users the power to build their own core teams and communities around their own style of incentives, setting and adjusting transaction fees, stake-pool interest, referral rewards, governance protocols, and more.

Website: https://encentive.io

Dapp: https://app.encentive.io/

Twitter: https://twitter.com/Encentive_io

Medium: https://medium.com/@encentive

About Nervos
The Nervos Common Knowledge Base (CKB) is the layer 1, proof of work, public permissionless blockchain protocol of the Nervos Network.
It allows any crypto-asset to be stored with the security, immutability, and permissionless nature of Bitcoin while enabling smart contracts and layer 2 scaling.
Its unique crypto-economic model is designed to better align the interests of users, developers, and miners as compared to first-generation blockchains.

Website: https://www.nervos.org/

Discord: https://discord.com/invite/nervos

Twitter: https://twitter.com/NervosNetwork

Medium: https://medium.com/nervosnetwork/

Nervos Supports Apple Passkey Feature, Speeding Up the Passwordless Era

Apple announced at this year’s Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) that passwordless login will be available in September for Mac, iPhone, iPad, and Apple TV.
Users will no longer use passwords to log in to websites and apps on iOS 16 and MacOS Ventura, instead using Passkeys.

“To make a passkey, just use Touch ID or Face ID to authenticate, and you’re done,’’ and passkeys can’t be phished, said Darin Adler, VP of Internet Technologies at Apple,
who made the announcement at the keynote. When you login to this website again, the passkey allows you to authenticate your identity by using your biometrics rather than typing in a password.

This is the first major shift in the real world to eliminate passwords.

So, why is “passwordless login” so important?

The Unreliability of Passwords
Living in the era of the Internet, we are all used to the login form of “account + password”. As Internet applications and services become more and more ubiquitous, we have naturally created more and more accounts and passwords.

Although there is excellent password management software like 1Password on the market, only a small percentage of us use them, and most individuals are still used to remembering their own passwords.
Users spend 10.9 hours each year typing and/or resetting passwords, according to a Yubico survey in 2019, costing companies an average of $5.2 million per year.

Another reality is that some people are so careless that they use overly simple passwords or use the same password for many Internet services.



Top 200 most common passwords, source: https://nordpass.com/most-common-passwords-list/

Overly simple passwords allow hackers to take advantage of them, and using the same password for many Internet services makes it possible for a user to login to one hacked service and have their password compromised across a number of applications.

Furthermore, even industrial giants are vulnerable to massive data breaches. Here are a few examples:

- In 2013, Adobe said hackers had stolen nearly 3 million encrypted customer credit card records, as well as login data for an undetermined number of Adobe user accounts.
- In 2014, eBay suffered a significant data breach that exposed the personal information of around 145 million users, including usernames, email addresses, home addresses, phone numbers, and birthdays.
- In 2014, Yahoo was attacked and user information of 500 million users, including names, email addresses, telephone numbers, birth dates, encrypted passwords and in some cases, security questions, was stolen.
- In 2016, six databases that were owned by Friend Finder Networks suffered a massive data breach, which exposed more than 412 million accounts.
- In 2021, personal information, including phone numbers and full names, of more than 500 million Facebook users was leaked online by hackers.

Passkey: The More Secure Passwordless Login
Back in 2009, Validity Sensors and PayPal discussed using biometrics for identification of online users instead of passwords at a meeting. The meeting inspired the idea of an industry standard designed around public key cryptography, enabling a passwordless login backed purely by local authentication.

In July 2012, the FIDO Alliance was founded and work on a passwordless authentication protocol began.

In 2019, FIDO Alliance and the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) announced the Web Authentication (WebAuthn) specification as an official web standard. WebAuthn allows servers to register and authenticate users using public key cryptography instead of a password. From the user’s perspective, with WebAuthn only the following steps are required:

1. Enter username (or email address)
2. Click “Sign in”
3. Touch ID
4. Done


Source: https://www.hanko.io/blog/on-passkeys

Going deeper, “WebAuthn allows servers to integrate with the strong authenticators now built into devices, like Apple’s Touch ID. Instead of a password, a private-public keypair (known as a credential) is created for a website.
The private key is stored securely on the user’s device; a public key and randomly generated credential ID is sent to the server for storage. The server can then use that public key to authenticate the user’s identity.

The public key is not secret, because it is effectively useless without the corresponding private key. The fact that the server receives no secret has far-reaching implications for the security of users and organizations.
Databases are no longer as attractive to hackers, because the public keys aren’t useful to them.” (Learn more at: Guide to Web Authentication)

Therefore, WebAuthn perfectly combines biometrics and cryptography.

In March 2022, the FIDO Alliance published a whitepaper detailing a new concept called “multi-device FIDO credentials, or short “passkeys”, meaning that your secure login information will be available on multiple devices.
So,the passkey could also be called “synchronized WebAuthn credentials”.

Your devices will take care of passkey synchronization. Once the technology is released later this year, you will be able to use your passkeys on all devices that use the same iCloud account.
It functions as a modern cloud-synced password manager (e.g., iCloud Keychain or 1Password), just without the passwords. If you lose your device, you just power up a new one, and you’re back in.
Your passkeys will already be there and allow you to sign in to your services with Touch ID or Face ID straight away.

In short, passkeys are a replacement for passwords. They are faster to sign in with, easier to use, and much more secure.

Nervos CKB Supports Apple Passkey Feature
One of the reasons why the Internet has rapidly grown to its current size, taking into account both security and convenience, is the widespread use of cryptographic primitives.
For example, SubtleCrypto, an algorithm that almost exists in all browsers, can even be used in mini programs; WebAuthn, which became an official web standard in 2019,
makes the browser’s encryption as powerful as a hardware wallet while still maintaining a user friendly experience (as users can unlock using Touch ID, Face ID, etc.).

The user barrier for dApps can be considerably decreased if the blockchain can directly utilize the Internet’s cryptographic infrastructure,
rather than requiring users to download wallet plug-ins or applications and then go through the process of storing mnemonic phrases.

However, the cryptographic primitives supported by the mainstream blockchains are limited:
https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/u0IgZ6oI-8xSDYuQQKzyWKynyrpvKJnhJuEU7yef7uSY153jE3G2fiLNT4S5DnTx2CBqJgX0KyHwnuDQVxFSjSmCyUh4H3lKyNhs1gULzqJtu-hppaGJUvOlv_KHP7mLP7xD7xmmIMT1Eg24Dg
The signature algorithms of these blockchains are incompatible with the encryption methods used in the infrastructure powering the Internet, therefore new infrastructure is required.

What makes Nervos CKB stand out is that the CKB-VM is abstract and does not contain any pre-compiled contracts to implement low-level functionality.
Even the default cryptographic primitives like the hash function Blake2b and the signature verification algorithm Secp256k1 are just smart contracts running in the virtual machine.
In other words, developers can select the cryptographic primitives in smart contracts by themselves and even use the existing Internet infrastructure directly, including the upcoming Passkey.

Therefore, we are proud to say that Nervos CKB may be the only public blockchain at present that supports the passkey feature.

What Will Passkey Bring to Nervos?
Assume we are a few months in the future, and passkeys are fully supported by Apple’s devices. So, what will Passkey bring to Nervos Network?

The answer is probably a lower barrier to entry for new users, a more user-friendly experience, and in turn, more users. 

Passkey is a piece of infrastructure, and realizing its full potential requires the involvement of developers.
We’ll use the cryptocurrency wallet as an example to show how this infrastructure lowers the barrier to entry for users, improves the user experience, and draws more Internet users into the Nervos ecosystem.

At the moment, non-custodial cryptocurrency wallets are still inextricably linked to mnemonics, public and private keys.
So it is quite troublesome for an Internet user who is used to signing in with Touch ID or Face ID to save 12-word or 24-word mnemonics on his own,
verify that the mnemonics are in the correct sequence, and he/she cannot capture screenshots or copy the mnemonics and send online.

Furthermore, the mnemonics might be leaked due to improper storage, resulting in the theft of crypto assets. Another situation that often occurs is the loss of mnemonics,
which means the wallet cannot be restored and crypto assets in the wallet cannot be withdrawn anymore.

With the support of Passkey, the private key (and mnemonics) can be securely concealed, never being revealed to users.
Therefore, users will be able to create a Nervos CKB wallet using Touch ID or Face ID after installing the wallet app.
They simply need to authorize with Touch ID or Face ID when creating transactions or interacting with smart contracts, which is highly convenient and safe.

If the user loses his/her smartphone or replaces it with a new one, they can log in to the same iCloud account on the new device, download the wallet app, and then restore the wallet using the Touch ID or Face ID.
The lost device cannot be cracked and the private key can never be exported, even if it is owned by a hacker.

Such cryptocurrency wallets have lower thresholds and a better user experience, and all operations are familiar to Internet users.

Wallets are the gateway for users to enter the blockchain world. With such a convenient and secure wallet, new things such as cryptocurrencies, DeFi, GameFi, and NFTs are much easier for billions of Internet users to access.

Of course, the possibilities of what Passkey will bring to Nervos Network and blockchains isn’t limited to this.
If you’re a developer who’s passionate about bringing blockchain to every Internet user, we welcome you to join the Build Club program and create more possibilities!

Nervos Network x Celer Network kick off a cross-chain partnership campaign

To celebrate a collaboration between Nervos Network and Celer Network, a cross-chain campaign, with a total prize pool of $1,500 in $CKB,
will take place for those that use the Celer cBridge to move funds from Ethereum to Nervos.

When will the contest be held?

The contest will run from 7/13/2022 2:00 AM UTC to 7/20/2022 2:00 AM UTC.

How to participate and what are the prizes?

All qualified addresses that use the Celer cBridge to move USDT, USDC, ETH, WBTC or DAI greater than $50 USD from Ethereum to the Nervos Layer 2 — Godwoken in the specified period of time can claim a mystery box NFT at the Project Galaxy.

For this campaign there are two different NFTs (regular ones or 1 of 30 special ones) that you can receive in your mystery box.
The 30 special ones will each receive $50 in $CKB (The prize amount will be calculated at the moment of the distribution of the prize OR another fixed date can be set for the total amount of tokens to be received by the winners).


Regular - Unlimited


Special - 30 limit

In order to claim a mystery box NFT, the $50 amount moved must be transacted on at least 1 unique address. For example,
if you have 5 addresses that share between them $50 moved from Ethereum to Nervos, you will NOT be qualified. If you transact $50 on only 1 address, you will be qualified.
Also note that if total transactions exceed $50 on 1 unique address, that will qualify you to claim a mystery box NFT.

When will the prizes be distributed?
The prize winners will be qualified by Celer and they will be notified publicly in a tweet from the Nervos Twitter account.
Winners will receive their prizes within 14 days after the event has ended.

If you have any questions please join our Official Telegram where our team would be happy to help.

About Nervos

The Nervos Network is a collection of protocols and public blockchain ecosystem aiming to solve the biggest challenges facing blockchains like Bitcoin and Ethereum today.

The Nervos Common Knowledge Base (CKB) is the layer 1, proof of work, public permissionless blockchain protocol of the Nervos Network.
It allows any crypto-asset to be stored with the security, immutability, and permissionless nature of Bitcoin while enabling smart contracts and layer 2 scaling.
Its unique crypto-economic model is designed to better align the interests of users, developers, and miners as compared to first-generation blockchains.

For more information on Nervos, visit www.nervos.org.

About Celer Network

Celer is a blockchain interoperability protocol enabling a one-click user experience accessing tokens, DeFi, GameFi, NFTs, governance, privacy solutions and more across multiple chains.
Developers can build inter-chain-native dApps using the Celer Inter-chain Message SDK to gain access to efficient liquidity utilization, coherent application logic, and shared states.
Users of Celer-enabled dApps will enjoy the benefits of a diverse multi-blockchain ecosystem with the simplicity of a single-transaction UX, all from a single chain.

Games from the #BlockJam2022 - GameJam are now live & ready to be played! 🎮

🕹️Play games here 👉 https://itch.io/jam/blockjam-2022/entries

Then make sure to create a free itch.io account to vote on your favourite games! 🗳️

Fell free to provide feedback in comments!

The Nervos Network Bulletin: June 2022



What Happened this Month?

June was an exciting month for Nervos as we headed to Consensus 2022, continued diving deeper on the upgrades on the Nervos Layer 1 – Mirana upgrade,
and most importantly of all launched the Nervos Layer 2 – Godwoken. Make sure to read through some of our biggest accomplishments for the month!



Nervos Layer 2 Godwoken Launch!

On 29th June, Nervos launched the new and improved Nervos Layer 2 – Godwoken. Over the course of the next few weeks, numerous dApps and projects will be launching on Godwoken.
It’s an exciting time as the future of Nervos ecosystem growth starts now!
Read more here: Article



Nervos at Consensus 2022!

On June 9th, Nervos arrived in Austin, Texas for Consensus 2022! Consensus was one of the most highly anticipated crypto conferences in the US with an estimated attendance of over 17K attendees.
Find out more about what our Nervos Team was up to in Texas!
Read more here: Article



Extensible Block Header Lands in the Nervos Layer 1

On May 10th the Nervos Layer 1 – Major Protocol Upgrade arrived. One of the new improvements made is the Extensible Block Header. The main promise of this feature is to enable solutions like Flyclient in the future. Find out more about the upgrade to Mirana!
Read more here: Article



Major Protocol Upgrade – Diving into CKB-VM V1

Find out more about the different upgrades we are making to Mirana! This article dives into a technical overview of the new CKB-VM v1 features from the CKB2021 hard fork.
Read more here: Article



Twitter Spaces Recap: Matt AMA Recap

We invited Matt Quinn, our Ecosystem Development Manager, to discuss the current state of the bear market, what developers should focus on to weather the storm,
the latest Nervos updates and live questions from the community. In case you’ve missed it, we have summarized the key points mentioned during the discussion.
Read more here: Article



Hashing it Out: Episode 2

In episode 2 of “Hashing it Out”, Jordan and Eric covered a broad spectrum of updates that included reflections on the launch of Nervos Layer 1 – Mirana Major Protocol Upgrade, a discussion about the upcoming new features for the Nervos Layer 2 – Godwoken and details on one of the biggest developer focused programs Build Club.
Read more here: Article

The New and Improved Nervos Layer 2 - Godwoken has Arrived

Today Nervos launched a new and improved Nervos Layer 2 - Godwoken. Over the course of the next few weeks numerous dApps and projects will be launching on this 100% EVM-compatible Optimistic rollup. It’s an exciting time as the future of the Nervos ecosystem growth starts now!

L2 New Benefits

100% EVM-compatible Optimistic Roll-up

Now 100% EVM-compatible, the Nervos Layer 2 enables projects building across a variety of sectors, including DeFi, gaming, and NFTs, to easily create or quickly port their dApps.
Additionally, projects will benefit from instant interoperability to other chains, allowing them to organically expand their audiences—a vital part of growing a successful project.

Faster Transactions

Thanks to an improvement on the Web RPC Layer which increases the transaction capacity of the network, completing transactions on Nervos Layer 2 is faster than ever.
Interacting with dApps within the current and future ecosystem will now be a fluid, seamless experience for all users.

Open Access and Support

After a previously months-long whitelisting period, now all dApps and projects are free to build on the newly launched Layer 2 in a permissionless environment,
marking a significant development milestone as Nervos moves toward its long-term goal of true decentralization.

L2 dApps Launching

As a preview of dApps and projects that will be deploying on the new and improved Nervos Layer 2 - Godwoken, here is a short list of a FEW of them. In addition to those ones listed,
many more will be launching over the coming weeks and months so make sure to follow Nervos as we’ll be providing updates on new announcements and launches.

- Celer Network, a blockchain interoperability protocol enabling a one-click user experience for accessing tokens, DeFi, GameFi, NFTs, governance, and more across multiple chains.
- Multichain, an infrastructure developed for arbitrary cross-chain interactions in Web 3.0.
- Connext, a fully trust-minimized crosschain communication protocol to make blockchains composable.
- Band Protocol, a cross-chain data oracle platform that aggregates and connects real-world data and APIs to smart contracts.
- Poolz Finance, a decentralized cross-chain IDO platform built on top of Web 3.0 infrastructure to enable crypto projects to raise funds before listing.
- XP Network, a provider of multichain solutions for Web3, the creator economy, and the NFT industry.
- PulSarSwap, a next-gen TWAMM DEX.
- Candy Chain, a creator-first platform for smart contracts enabling users to easily deploy their NFT projects to multiple chains.
- Oblivion, a marketplace platform for finding, collecting and creating NFTs.

L2 Developer Support

To help support developers, Nervos recently funded the Build Club program which provides direct support to projects through marketing guidance,
Web3 educational resources and direct technical support to help bring new Web3 ideas to life on Nervos.
The program is for anyone who is passionate about creating Web3 projects with real-life applications and a desire to transform them into scalable businesses.
The Build Club is open to all and accepts members working on DeFi projects, Web3 tooling, ported dApps, utility projects, NFTs and more.

If you are a developer and would like to begin building on the new and improved Nervos Layer 2 - Godwoken just visit Start with Nervos to see all the key technical information you need to get started right away.
And if you require assistance and support please look into applying to join the Build Club program where you can  join one of the many teams developing on Nervos and get support on your journey to bring your idea to life!

Key Links

- Nervos Layer 2 Information: www.nervos.org/godwoken
- Developer Documentation: www.startwithnervos.com
- Godwoken Documentation: https://docs.godwoken.io
- Build Club Program: www.buildclub.xyz

The launch of the new and improved Nervos Layer 2 - Godwoken marks a major step for our current ecosystem and community.
This launch is the take-off point for the growth of our ecosystem and we look forward to seeing a wide range of dApps launching on the improved Layer 2 very soon!

Let’s Go!

Consensus – Recap

Consensus was one of the most highly anticipated crypto conferences in the US.
Estimated attendance was pinned at 17K+ which was more than double from the last in person Consensus conference.
So the Nervos team was excited about exhibiting and all the opportunities to meet new potential partners across the industry.



To prepare, we went through the process of getting our booth design created, giveaways produced,
T-Shirts printed and hand out cards with key information ready for our team to share.
After checking all the boxes and getting on flights to Austin, we were all set for the exhibition and non-stop conversations that we knew we had coming up.


In addition to presenting and sharing Nervos at Consensus we were glad to include the brand new established Build Club as part of our exhibition.
The Build Club program was created to provide support for developers building on the Nervos platform.
Key areas of support for this program include educational Web3 resources, marketing guidelines and technical assistance to help bring an idea to a real working reality.

With Day 1 of the exhibition set to kick off on June 10th we arrived to a massive hall filled with all the top names in the industry.
Teams were busy putting on the last touches to their booths in anticipation of the massive rush of thousands of people who registered to attend the conference.
As soon as the doors opened at 9:30AM the waves of attendees began to flow in.


Over the course of the first day our team met with many people across the industry. This included developers who were looking and evaluating platforms to build their dApp on to VCs interested in seeing if there were interesting projects being built on Nervos to students from universities with blockchain clubs.

As the day progressed so did the volume of people coming by our booth to learn more about Nervos.
While there were all levels of people, in terms of their knowledge or familiarity about Nervos,
it was a pleasant surprise to meet actual individuals who were CKB miners and active participants in the Nervos Community.
They were so happy to see our presence at Consensus and glad to know that we’re getting the Nervos name out there even more than we ever have before.


After the conclusion of Day 1 we held a team dinner at Dave & Busters to relax and recharge from an intense long day.
We were also delighted to invite some of the initial teams within the first cohort of Build Club to join us and spend time with our co-founders and key team members.
This was such a great opportunity for all of us to not only be together in person but spend time to really get to know each other.


With a bit of sleep after a long first day, we all reset and were ready for Day 2. Usually on day 2 there’s the expectation that because so many people came through on the first opening day that the next day will be a little bit more quiet. That wasn’t the case as the volume of traffic picked up even more.

Right across from our booth there was a book signing area where notable authors including Garry Kasparov, Laura Shin, Jimmy Song,
Neal Stephenson and more attracted a wrapped around line of attendees eagerly waiting to get a book signed and a picture taken.
Luckily for us, right after people got their book signed they were standing right in front of the Nervos booth where we grabbed many
of them to tell them more about the Nervos platform and our growing community.


During the day we even were able to talk to many of the UTXO alliance members who were in attendance and striked
up ideas on ways to create brand new partnerships to help support the alliance.
It’s random conversations like these that truly generate the seeds of powerful new partnerships and help solidify collaborations with 1 on 1 in person conversations.

At the end of the conference, we had exhausted all our giveaways, stickers, cards, and T-shirts.
Knowing that there are literally thousands of people proudly collecting our branded items and using them is a great feeling as we aim to get the Nervos name out there even more.


Additionally our team had numerous side meetings with brand new partners and projects who we’ll begin working with in the near future.
Between the conference, the meetings, evening events and networking opportunities,
Consensus was a great conference for us to get Nervos out there in front of thousands of people.
Just like every conference we go to we’ll continue to maximize exposure and bring in new people into the community!

Hashing it Out: The Highlights – Episode 2

In the May episode of ”Hashing it Out” Jordan and Eric covered a broad spectrum of updates that included reflections on the launch of the Nervos Layer 1 – Mirana Major Protocol Upgrade,
a discussion about the upcoming new features for the Nervos Layer 2 – Godwoken, and details on some of our biggest developer focused programs.

If you would like you can quickly read through the main highlights below or listen in to the entire discussion by clicking here.|

Nervos Layer 1 – Major Protocol Update Reflections
- The Major Protocol Upgrade was successfully launched on May 10th
- All partners were able to make the upgrade despite a few minor challenges that were overcome after the launch
- The Extensible block header is a great new addition, which will pave the way for the flyclient and which there will potentially be an early version beta to see
- The Short address format was eliminated which is already improving consistency across the dApps
- The new OmniLock script is a feature rich script with a lot of potential for building in the future

Nervos Layer 2 – Godwoken Testnet Launch
- Godwoken launched this month on Testnet and will be released on the Mainnet very soon
- This new version of the L2 is now 100% EVM compatible, which means that any tool used for developing dApps on Ethereum can also be used on Godwoken
- Previously there was a whitelisting process to launch new dApps but now that process has been eliminated in the new version of Godwoken, thereby providing a permissionless environment that enables any dApp to port/deploy
- The virtually gasless state of Godwoken will be attractive feature that will likely bring in a lot of new dApps into the ecosystem

Developer Programs – Web3champs
- This six week hackathon that just ended in May brought in around 1155 participants
- All winners of the hackathon have been paid and the Nervos branded SafePal hardware wallets are in the process of being sent to winners
- One project that stood out and that was a winner of a prize was Jio Swap which is a multi-chain stablecoin swap
- Jio Swap will now go on to join the Build Club program to continue building their dApp and eventually launching on the new Nervos Layer 2.

Developer Programs – BlockJam
- The first BlockJam virtual online conference and hackathon is going to take place on June 18
- There will be two days of speaker talks with leaders in Web3 and game dev sharing educational information on the powerful tools that blockchain provides
- For more info make sure to go to www.globalblockjam.com to sign up for this free online conference
- In addition to the conference there will also be a two week hackathon called GameJam where developers can win $50K+ in prizes

Community Questions and Answers

When will the whitelisting for projects on the Layer 2 end to make the process more decentralized?
- With the launch of the new Layer 2 – Godwoken, there will not be a whitelisting process anymore. We made the decision to do this to move towards our vision of creating a true public and permissionless blockchain.

What is Nervos doing to get more games on the platform?
- The business development department is always talking to teams in the gaming industry and the blockchain gaming world. I actually had the chance to participate in the playtest of a new Web3 game, and it went great, even though it was just an early version, new blockchain built games like this one show a lot of potential.

Is the Nervos Team going to attend any events in the near future?
- Our team will be at Consensus 2022, Austin, Texas in June. While Jordan and Eric won’t make it, we’ll have some great members of our team there including Matt,, Monica, Nathan, Terry and Jan.
The team is excited to have a booth there to meet many of you within the community. Make sure to stop by and say hi at Consensus if you’re there.
For this second episode of ”Hashing it Out” it was great to have Eric join and chat more about the latest developer relations updates in addition to hearing his viewpoints on some of the hottest Nervos community questions.
If you didn’t get a chance to hear the discussion, we encourage you to take a listen with the link here.
Make sure to be on the lookout for our next episode coming in at the end of June.

Major Protocol Upgrade – Diving Into CKB-VM V1
A technical overview of the new CKB-VM v1 features from the CKB2021 hard fork.



Introduction
In our previous article we gave a high-level overview of the CKB-VM v1 improvements and explained the basic process to activate and take advantage of this new virtual machine environment.
Next, we will dig a little deeper into the CKB-VM v1 improvements and explain in a more technical way, how these improvements operate and enhance the developer experience.

RISC-V B Extension
The RISC-V B extension is our first update to the instruction set that powers CKB-VM.
This instruction set extension is relatively small, but it proves concretely that this update path works both in theory and in practice.

The B extension covers the four major categories of bit manipulation: counting, extracting, inserting and swapping.
A total of 43 new instructions are introduced, all of which require only 1 cycle to be consumed.

In many cryptographic algorithms, bit operations are used such as clz (count leading zeros), circular shifts, etc.
The addition of the B extended instruction set allows us to increase the speed of such calculations by a factor of at least 10.
Let’s take clz as an example.
Traditionally, we use the following algorithm:

uint64_t clz(uint64_t n)
{
    if (n == 0) return 64;
    int c = 0;
    if (n <= 0x00000000FFFFFFFF) { c += 32; n <<= 32; };
    if (n <= 0x0000FFFFFFFFFFFF) { c += 16; n <<= 16; };
    if (n <= 0x00FFFFFFFFFFFFFF) { c += 8; n <<= 8; };
    if (n <= 0x0FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) { c += 4; n <<= 4; };
    if (n <= 0x3FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) { c += 2; n <<= 2; };
    if (n <= 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) { c += 1; };
    return c;
}

The above code uses about 30 instructions. But with the B extension, we only need to spend one instruction to do it!

uint64_t clz(uint64_t n) {
    uint64_t rd;
    __asm__ (“clz %0, %1” : “=r”(rd) : “r”(n));
    return rd;
}

The B extension has been integrated into the latest version of gcc. To compile code with the b extension, you need to add the parameter -march=rv64imc_zba_zbb_zbc, like this:

riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc -o /tmp/main -march=rv64imc_zba_zbb_zbc main.c

Let’s look into a real world example showing that the B extension improves the performance of the Blake2b algorithm.
It simply replaces a function with a single B extension instruction. The original version is as follows:

static BLAKE2_INLINE uint64_t rotr64(const uint64_t w, const unsigned c) {
  return (w >> c) | (w << (64 – c));
}

Update it with B extension instructions:
static BLAKE2_INLINE uint64_t rotr64(const uint64_t w, const unsigned c) {
  uint64_t rd = 0;
  __asm__ (“ror %0, %1, %2” : “=r”(rd) : “r”(w), “r”(c));
  return rd;
}

With this small change, there is a 15% performance increase. Nervos uses the Blake2b algorithm often, meaning that this is a very significant improvement to our ecosystem.

Mainstream compilers like GCC, are currently not smart enough to convert source code into RISC-V B extension instructions automatically.
That means developers still need to use assembly code manually for performance tuning, such as was done above.
In the future compilers will have better support for the B extension, which means developers can see major performance increases simply by upgrading their compiler to a newer version.

An early benchmark provided by the community showed an immediate improvement of approximately 10% on a set of computationally intensive cryptographic algorithms.

We hope that by adding more extensions in the future, crypto primitives running in CKB-VM will gain execution efficiency that is comparable to native execution.
These types of improvements will keep CKB-VM at the forefront of the industry,
and give cryptography developers and dApp developers more options and freedom in this highly specialized application where every bit of efficiency matters.

Macro-Operation Fusion (MOP)
Macro-Operation Fusion is a hardware optimization technique found in many modern computer micro architectures whereby a series of adjacent macro-operations are merged into a single macro-operation before or during decoding. Those instructions are later decoded into a single fused instruction.
If you are unfamiliar with MOP and would like to read more, you can find some helpful links here and here.

Since CKB-VM is an abstract layer of CPU/Memory hardware, MOP technology can be used just like it would in the equivalent hardware.
Here we will illustrate how CKB-VM can use MOP to fuse multiple instructions into a single instruction. Let’s first take an example of multiplication.
Assume we have to calculate the following 128-bit unsigned int value (result) in C:

uint64_t a = 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF;
uint64_t b = 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF;
uint128_t result = a * b;

The compiler can’t handle 128-bits integers in one single instruction. It then compiles them into several instructions which must contain the following RISC-V instructions:

mulhu
mul


The mulhu instruction can handle the higher 64-bits of result while the mul instruction handles the lower 64-bits.
The idea behind MOP is to combine the RISC-V instructions mulhu/mul into one fused instruction.
CKB-VM can implement this fused instruction in assembly. For example, on x86-64, it is implemented by following two x86-64 instructions:

movq
imulq

The main benefit of this is that cycles can be significantly reduced using MOP. Previously it consumed 10 (5 + 5) cycles for the mulhu/mul instructions.
After MOP is implemented, it only consumes 5 cycles total for the single fused instruction. This is a 100% performance gain.

Here is a list of all the MOP instructions included in CKB-VM v1. The multiplication operations noted are critical to cryptography algorithms.
MOP can provide a massive performance increase to all cryptography algorithms running on CKB-VM.
We hand-optimized bls12-381 and reduced verification from 76.6M cycles to 51.8M cycles.
Here is one implementation of the work that was done.
You will see a lot of instances of the instructions mulhu/mul appearing adjacently. This optimization allows MOP to be utilized.

Unfortunately, GCC and other compilers aren’t optimised for the RISC-V MOP instructions yet.
This means that developers still need to manually arrange assembly code to optimise for MOP today.
However, we know that this will improve in the future as compilers begin to add support.

Exec Syscall
The exec syscall is inspired by the Linux exec syscall. The exec syscall runs executable code that is contained within the data area of a specific cell. This executable is run in the same context as the currently running virtual machine, and it replaces the previously running executable that made the call.
The amount of cycles used does not change, but the code, registers, and memory of the VM are replaced by those of the new program.

The exec syscall is very helpful to reuse code in scripts. Let’s use a lock script as an example.
Almost every lock script shares a common process of validating one or more cryptographic signatures.
We can build a single common script that only does signature validation, including SECP256K1, RSA, Schnorr, etc. This script will rarely require changes.

Developers that are creating lock scripts can simplify their process by using the exec syscall to execute the aforementioned script which contains signature validation.
This allows them to remove the signature validation code from their script, removing the redundancy and allowing them to focus more exclusively on the logic specific to their dapp.

This pull request demonstrates how this can be done in practice.
We encourage developers to  continue using this pattern to make scripts more composable and shareable.

ARM64 Assembly Implementation
CKB-VM already has a highly efficient implementation of RISC-V specifications on x86-64, and with the CKB2021 hard fork, we are introducing an ARM64 assembly implementation.
This feature gives CKB-VM a huge performance boost on ARM64 platforms.
ARM64 is a CPU architecture that is used on billions of devices, such as Apple and Android smartphones and tablets,
Raspberry Pi devices, Google Chrome laptops, and Apple’s newest line of M1 and M2 desktop and laptop computers.
Microsoft is also testing a version of Windows 11 that runs on ARM64.
We believe that the ARM64 architecture will continue to be more and more popular, and we are making sure that CKB-VM will keep up with the trend.

Other Improvements on CKB-VM
Several other improvements have also been made behind the scenes to CKB-VM. The first is lazy initialization during script execution in CKB-VM. Previously, when CKB-VM executes a script the first step is to initialize all memory to zero. If some of the memory is never used during execution, the unused memory remains reserved, which is not optimal.
Now when scripts execute the initialisation of memory is deferred.
The program memory is divided into multiple frames, and only when a frame is accessed for the first time does it reserve the block of memory and initialise it to all zeros.
The result of this is that small scripts that do not need large amounts of memory will begin execution faster and will require less memory during the duration of their execution.

Another improvement is the addition of “chaos mode”. In production use, all memory is always initialized to zero when first being used.
However, during testing and debugging, we can use chaos mode to initialize memory to random values instead of zero.
This technique creates randomized synthetic scenarios which can aid in finding certain bugs in scripts, such as the accessing of uninitialized memory.
This is a serious issue that can be very difficult to find under normal circumstances, but chaos mode can help identify the problem much faster.

Closing
There are no shortcuts to success when trailblazing a path and building new technology.
It takes a lot of work and painstaking effort to ensure that our technology remains at the leading edge.
By continually investing in improvements to our ecosystem’s foundation we are positioning the platform for the best possible trajectory and ensuring our success in the future.

Some of the updates that we have described may be deeper than many developers are interested in, but all developers and users will benefit.
It doesn’t matter if you’re a low-level developer on L1 or an EVM developer on L2.
It doesn’t matter if you’re a user of a native dApp on Nervos or a user on the far edges of one of our multi-chain ecosystem partners.
Even users that don’t realize the dApp they are using is powered by Nervos will benefit from the solid foundation and meticulous optimization that makes Nervos an outlier in the industry.

We are officially opening our Build Club Discord Server to Web3 Developers who are looking to get support with building and shipping projects! 🚀

If you are a Web3 builder, what does this mean for you?

- Marketing Campaign Support
- Priority Technical Support
- Grant Opportunities of different amounts
- Peer-to-Peer Builder Support
- VC & IDO favorable introductions
- Access to online lectures from key leaders in the Web3 space

If you are a Web3 builder and you would like to join our Discord Server to learn more, click here:

https://discord.com/invite/nyMEHBACR8

The Nervos Network Bulletin: May 2022

What Happened this Month?
May was a special month for Nervos as we welcomed the arrival of the Nervos Layer 1 – Major Protocol Upgrade,
launched our new Hashing it Out program, announced our upcoming BlockJam virtual global conference and much more.
Make sure to read through some of our biggest accomplishments for the month!



The Nervos Layer 1 – Major Protocol Upgrade has Arrived
On May 10th Major Protocol Upgrade arrived for the Nervos Layer 1. This was a major achievement that couldn’t have been done without the help and support of all our partners, the foundation and the entire community. The upgrade introduced numerous benefits for both developers and end users.

Read more here: Article



Hashing it out – Episode 01: Q&A
At the end of April, we launched our new Hashing it Out program. In case you missed it, catch the first episode here!

Listen here: YouTube



Twitter Spaces Recap: Jan Xie and The Nervos Layer 1 – Major Protocol Upgrade
After the Major Protocol Upgrade launched, Nervos’ Chief Architect Jan Xie came on to Twitter Spaces to discuss what this upgrade means to the Nervos community.
In case you’ve missed it, we have summarized the key points that Jan mentioned during the discussion.

Read more here: Article



Nervos Launches BlockJam
The Nervos Network announced an exciting new event called BlockJam:
A Virtual Conference for Game Developers Looking to Harness the Power of Blockchain which starts June 17th.

Read more here: Article



Nervos Layer 2 – Godwoken
We just announced that the new and improved Nervos Layer 2 – Godwoken is now live on the Aggron Testnet.
New features include 100% EVM compatibility, faster transaction speeds, and more.

Get started here: Link

Virtual Machine Improvements
Introduced with the Major Protocol Upgrade is the CKB-VM v1 virtual machine, which is now available on the Nervos Layer 1 Mainnet.
This new version of CKB-VM improves the performance of smart contract execution and adds several new features for developers to utilize when developing smart contracts.

These upgrades may increase the efficiency of both existing smart contracts and new smart contracts, and the new features being added widen the scope of what is possible on Nervos by improving the foundations of Layer 1.
The CKB-VM v0 virtual machine is still available for backward compatibility, and developers can now choose which version should be used for the execution of their smart contracts.

Key Features
RISC-V B Extension: An update to the RISC-V instruction set that improves the ability to do certain bit manipulations, which can result in increased performance, decreased code size, and decreased power consumption.
This will also allow for better performance of CKB-VM, particularly when running on x86_64 processors.

Macro-Op Fusion: An update to the RISC-V instruction set that allows for two or more simple instructions to be fused into a single more complex instruction that can be executed more efficiently.
Combined with the RISC-V B extension, this results in substantial improvements to the number of cycles used for certain operations. One example is dramatically improved support for BLS digital signatures, which are seeing increased adoption in the cryptocurrency industry.

Syscalls: Three new system calls have been added: VM Version, Current Cycles, and Exec. VM Version allows the smart contract to detect which VM environment it is being executed in.
Current Cycles allows the smart contract to view how many cycles have been consumed thus far during execution. Exec allows the currently executing smart contract to execute another smart contract, allowing for more modular code and the possibility of chained execution of smart contracts.

Address Format: Commonly known as “CKB2021 Addresses”, this new address format allows the VM version to be specified through the `hash type` value. Specifying the new `hash type` values for CKB-VM v1 is not possible in the previous address versions,
meaning only CKB-VM v0 can be targeted unless you are using the new address format.

Virtual Machine Version Targeting
Nervos Layer 1 provides both CKB-VM v0 and CKB-VM v1 for smart contract execution. This allows older smart contracts to remain fully backward compatible using CKB-VM v0, while new smart contracts can use CKB-VM v1.

It is recommended that all developers working with Layer 1 learn the basic concepts of how to target specific virtual machines so they can fully take advantage of the new features in CKB-VM v1, or revert to CKB-VM v0 for backward compatibility if needed.

The hash type value of a script is now used to specify matching criteria and the virtual machine which is targeted. Before the Major Protocol Upgrade, only hash type values “0” and “1” were available. Now a new value, “2”, is available.

Hash   Type   JSON Value   Match By   CKB-VM Version
  0      “data”       Data                   Hash               0
  1      “type”    Type Script             Hash               1
  2     “data1”       Data                   Hash                1

Hash Type 0: Smart contracts which rely on hash type “0” will continue to use CKB-VM v0. This is because a hash type of “0” implies that code matching is being done by the script code data hash, meaning a specific binary is being targetted for execution.
Existing smart contracts which were using hash type “0” will continue to utilize CKB-VM v0 and run exactly as they did before the Major Protocol Upgrade.

Hash Type 1: Smart contracts which rely on hash type “1” will use CKB-VM v1. This includes all smart contracts deployed before and after the Major Protocol Upgrade.
This is because a hash type of “1” implies that code matching is being done by the type script hash, which generally means the script code is upgradeable by the developer.
Because a specific binary is not being targeted and an upgrade path exists, developers are expected to update their code if needed since CKB-VM v1 is now being used for execution.

Closing
Nervos is committed to continual improvement and keeping Nervos’ smart contract platform at the leading edge of technology.
Not only do these updates improve our platform, but by keeping pace with the advances in RISC-V and Rust, our ecosystem will continue to benefit from their improvements while remaining as secure as possible.

These virtual machine changes affect the lowest levels of Nervos’ platform where they are largely invisible except to Layer 1 developers working on the foundations of the ecosystem.
Even though the average user may not perceive a difference right now, these updates will continue to give Nervos the edge in providing the best possible user experience in the future.

Hash Type 2: Smart contracts which rely on hash type “2” will use CKB-VM v1. This is because a hash type of “2” matches a specific binary similar to hash type “0”. Hash type “2” was not available before the Major Protocol Upgrade, so only new smart contracts being deployed will be able to use hash type “2” to target CKB-VM v1.

The Nervos Layer 1 – Major Protocol Upgrade with Chief Architect Jan Xie – Highlights

Nervos recently completed a Major Protocol Upgrade which brought about a bevvy of new improvements and features.
Known as ‘Mirana’, this upgrade to Layer 1 represents the next chapter in its history, which intends to make the base layer of the network more efficient and future-proof.

We invited Nervos’ Chief Architect Jan Xie to Twitter Spaces to discuss what this upgrade means to the Nervos community.
In this discussion, Jan shared his thoughts on the history leading up to the upgrade,
as well as the key features and improvements and what they will mean for both developers and users of Nervos.

Below we summarise the key points that Jan mentioned during the discussion on Twitter Spaces.

The History of Lina and Why the Upgrade?
In late 2019 Nervos launched ‘Lina’, the first iteration of Nervos’ Layer 1 blockchain.
This was a brand new base layer blockchain that would serve as the foundation of what would one day become a multi-layer ecosystem.

To accomplish this, Nervos blended many different aspects of Bitcoin and Ethereum together to create a platform that embraces the strong points of both.
This new approach was the first comprehensive extended UTXO blockchain in practice and it meant having to take on new challenges which no one had ever seen before.
There were many fine details that could not be anticipated.
We knew that changes would be necessary which is why we planned for upgrades to occur in the future, such as this most recent one.

In Nervos’ multi-layer approach, Layer 1 is used for the preservation of assets, and Layer 2 is used for scalability. However, this is a broad distinction.
Where exactly the line should be drawn between L1 and L2 is still an open question for the entire industry.
Through the feedback we received from dApp developers over the past two years we realized some areas where our design was too rigid.
We have redesigned and rebalanced these parts of the platform to better support the realistic needs of developers.
These improvements are included in this update.

Through this Major Protocol Upgrade, we have demonstrated with Mirana that we can improve the design of the platform continuously without breaking promises in the original positioning paper.
We will need continuous improvement going into the future.
It is only ongoing research combined with a bit of trial and error which will enable us to unlock the future potential of the platform.

How did Partners and Community Help the Major Protocol Upgrade?
Nervos is a project that is deeply committed to decentralization. Many projects claim decentralization, but there are vast differences in the approach and depth.
Nervos aims to maximize decentralization at every level, including technology, governance, and the community.

A Major Protocol Upgrade requires cooperation and coordination between all participants.
This is difficult because development teams, partners, and community members are under no obligation to comply.
We have to persuade all participants to support the upgrade, or it will not be successful.

For example, miners, mining pools, wallet providers, exchanges, and dApp developers all run full nodes.
In order for the network upgrade to succeed, they must upgrade their software in advance of the fork.
Users of the Neuron wallet are also running full nodes, meaning we needed to make all of them aware of the update and give them a reason on why they should upgrade.

Consent is an absolute requirement in a decentralised ecosystem since we cannot force participants to upgrade.
To our advantage, there was nothing contentious about this upgrade.
It was a benefit to all participants. A few teams were slow and missed some deadlines, but there was no resistance to adopting the upgrade.

We spent a lot of time making sure everyone in the community was aware of what was occurring and prepared materials to help ease the transition.
Thus, we were able to deliver as smooth of an experience as possible for everyone involved.

Features and benefits from the Major Protocol Upgrade?
RFC Process: Nervos’ RFC process is similar to an Ethereum EIP or Bitcoin BIP.
It is a way for the Nervos community to openly and transparently collaborate to improve Nervos.
Anyone is free to participate in ongoing discussions, or propose new directions.
This process is how many of the features in the Mirana upgrade were discussed and decided upon.

The New Address Format: Users will notice that some of the short addresses they were used to are now much longer,
but under the hood this new format enables additional features that are part of the Major Protocol Upgrade.
The format also consolidates all existing address formats into a single format that will need to be upgraded less frequently in the future.

Virtual Machine Versioning: One of the new key features in CKB-VM is the RISC-V B extension.
This enhancement gives CKB-VM a performance boost and makes operation more efficient.
The update also keeps CKB-VM up to date with the latest changes in the Rust ecosystem,
which allows Nervos developers to continue to take advantage of the innovation created there.

Extensible Block Header: A new extension field has been added to the block structure that can be used to store different types of data necessary for future features.
The first feature that will utilize this field is the upcoming flyclient; a super lightweight Nervos node that does not sacrifice any security,
but has much lower system requirements that makes it more suitable for casual users and mobile devices.

This Major Protocol Upgrade improves performance, but the primary benefits are more geared for developers building on Nervos.
Layer 1 is the foundation of the ecosystem, so these upgrades will benefit all layers and ultimately improve the user experience for all dApps in the future.

Closing
The Major Protocol Upgrade was successful and we have to give thanks to the hard work done by our development team, all our partners, and the community.
We believe these upgrades will pay many positive dividends in the coming years, and this couldn’t have been done without the full support of everyone.
These upgrades help to improve Nervos now and put us in an even better position for the future.
This enables us to continue improving our developer experience at the lowest level, which will lead to a better building environment for dApp developers,
and ultimately will yield the highest quality dApps and the best possible experience for all users in the ecosystem.

We’re excited to announce that Backbone Finance has joined the new Nervos Layer 2 - Godwoken testnet!

What is Backbone Finance?
Backbone Finance is a multichain stablecoin aggregator, optimizing yields and bringing it natively to the Nervos Ecosystem.
Users would beable to claim their rewards in $BACK, stablecoins, or $CKB.
Users staking their $BACK will also be able to receive a higher APY on their deposits.
Savings accounts and stablecoin vaults are not the superstars of decentralized finance,
however they are an excellent tool to onboard
real and longer-term users/participants in crypto.

You can find more on https://backbonefi.com

Nervos is excited to introduce our new ecosystem partner WalletGuard, a grant recipient part of BuildClub!

What is the function of WalletGuard?👇
It's an open-source Chrome extension that keeps users safe and has an allowlist of popular Web3 projects,
so you don't have to worry about getting phished—protecting users from phishing attacks.

What unique in WalletGuard?
Wallet Guard comes with a built-in whitelist for your favourite web3 apps such as Metamask, OpenSea, TradingView, Uniswap, and hundreds more,
so you always know when you are on a verified site.
This whitelist is also used to detect and block suspicious URLs from a variety of common phishing attack methods.

What about Privacy?
In Web 3.0 world privacy is a core of all users, we have many crypto wallets, extensions, projects and many of this are fake.
So WalletGuard keep us safe from this and does NOT collect or transmit any user or browsing data

Check it in Chrome: https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/wallet-guard/pdgbckgdncnhihllonhnjbdoighgpimk
And look closer in GitHub: https://github.com/mindofmar/wallet-guard

Nervos Launches BlockJam: A Virtual Conference for Game Developers Looking to Harness the Power of Blockchain

The Nervos Network is excited to launch BlockJam, a 16-day online conference and hackathon starting June 17th,
to educate and excite traditional game developers about how blockchain can take their games to the next level.

There is over $50,000 up for grabs for developers who take part in this gaming-themed GameJam hackathon.
Additionally, with the help of our partners, we will be hosting talks and educational sessions from Web & Gaming experts.

Blockchain is already proving to be a powerful tool in adding an edge to the global gaming industry.
We hope to shine a brighter light on what this technology can do, especially on the Nervos Network.

Nervos is taking a particular interest in the gaming industry. We believe that our platform can be a destination
of choice for developers who want to improve their games, bolster the gaming community, change how game stores work and add new types of value creation.

What is BlockJam?
BlockJam 2022 is a global virtual conference and hackathon bringing game developers into the Web3 ecosystem.
This 16 day value-packed event will begin with talks and sessions from Web3 & gaming experts, followed by a traditional style GameJam hackathon, with a blockchain flavor!

BlockJam is here for devs to test their mettle and stand a chance to win part of the $50,000+ prize pool,
and for them to hear directly from industry leaders about how blockchain can improve the gaming space.

In association with our partners at Chainsafe and Filecoin, BlockJam participants will learn about ERC-1155,
the future of gameFi and Play to Earn, all while competing for big cash-value prizes.

Nervos is hosting this event because we are looking to grow the gaming segment of our expanding ecosystem.
As a blockchain platform, we are well-positioned to help gaming advance to the next level,
and we want to be part of the grassroots movement to meld gaming development with blockchain technology.

What to expect at BlockJam
BlockJam will begin with talks and sessions from leaders in the Web and Gaming space.
The GameJam competition will then kick-off and run for two weeks.
We will then close out the event with the results and a closing ceremony.

June 17 2022: Opening Sessions talk
June 18-19 2022: Talks and Sessions from Web & Gaming experts
June 20 – July 4 2022: GameJam
July 10 2022: Results Announcement & Closing Ceremony

Why look to Nervos and Blockchain for Games?
There are several ways blockchain can improve games, but to get a taste of what is possible,
we have outlined a few points that will be discussed further at BlockJam.

With blockchain technology built on Nervos, we can offer all the points outlined below, plus a lot more, to game developers.

Game Improvements
- Make a single-player game multiplayer asynchronously
- Provide alternate methods of sign-in accounts
- Rent in-game items to other players

In-Game Store
- Allow users to sell and trade in-game currency and items without the risk of fraud
- Create methods for players to sell purchased items after they are finished using them
- Export items from one game and import them into another game.

Game Community
- Allow early supporters to verifiable benefit from their community or monetary support.
- Allow for in-game governance through fair methods
- Reward core players over the loudest voices

Value Creation
- Create optional monetisation methods
- Generate income by collecting a small percent on all items sold and keep your game free to play (or not)!
- Allow users to trade, sell, buy or give accounts.

The registration for BlockJam 2022 is now open! Participate individually or as a team and compete with the best in the industry.

Sign up here!

The Nervos Layer 1 Major Protocol Upgrade has Arrived

At Nervos we’re excited to share that after much hard work with our many partners, the foundation and with the support of our community,
we have collectively launched a Major Protocol Upgrade to the Nervos Layer 1 which we call “Mirana”.

This is an exciting time, as many of the improvements that are now live have been in development for sometime and are extremely beneficial for all our partners.
Now developers who are working on building on our Layer 1 they will be able to build even better dApps with many improvements over our previous Layer 1 version.

Over the course of the next few weeks we’ll be going deeper into the exact details of the benefits of all the features launched with this upgrade.
But for now you can read through a brief overview of some of the biggest highlights from this launch which we’ll be covering and going deeper into soon.

Contributing to RFCs on Nervos Web3

The Nervos RFC is a standard that enables the community to participate, suggest and comment on improvements to the platform.
Without participation from our community it would be impossible for the platform to evolve and improve over time.
Hence the reason why RFCs have played a critical role in the development leading up to the Major Protocol Upgrade launch.
Many of the key feature improvements which you’ll read about below, were initiated and discussed first within individual Nervos RFCs.

Upgrade Protocol Address Changes
Improving the protocol address format is one of the key tasks to helping improve the Nervos L1 to enable it to be more future proof.
Previously with short addresses there was favorism for 3 different lock types which prevented some partners from not upgrading their libraries.
Now in order to ensure that all parties follow through on upgrades for improvements to the Nervos L1 this upgrade removes the favoritism to make sure all parties are upgrading.
Additionally this enables addresses to be more flexible and require less maintenance by developers in the future.

Virtual Machine Versioning
This part of the upgrade is arguably the largest and one of the most important parts of the upgrade and includes several major improvements
to the CKB-VM which is the virtual machine that executes smart contracts on Nervos. With this upgrade the CKB VM will support two key features,
RISC-V B extension and Marco-op fusion. Together both of these features will boost the CKB-VM performance and make crypto algorithms more
efficient on CKB-VM to allow for even more functionality to be built on top of the Nervos Layer 1.

Extensible Block Header
This feature lays the foundation for the future roll out of the flyclient which is a form of a light client.
What this means is that in the future you’ll be able to run a CKB node on practically any hardware device, something as simple as a phone or even Raspberry Pi.
Additionally this improvement will work without sacrificing any security while maintaining trustless modes of communication and validation.
This improvement lays the groundwork for flyclicent by providing additional block storage filed on Layer 1.

Cryptographic Friendly Instruction Sets
With new cryptography standards growing in popularity such as Boneh-Lynn-Shacham or BLS for short,
Nervos has now integrated this feature to enable better multi-signature security.
These new cryptographic instruction sets provide defense against index calculus attacks and at the same time allow for shorter signatures
than FDH signatures which improves the overall security for the Nervos Layer 1 and forms an even stronger foundation for the network.

All these features are significant improvements that help propel the latest “Mirana” version of the Nervos Layer 1 to new heights in performance.
We couldn’t be more happy to know that developers and partners who are working closely on our L1 will now be able to derive many
immediate and future benefits from this Major Protocol Upgrade.
This upgrade is key to enabling Nervos to grow at scale even faster and more securely well into the future.

Why Nervos Works: The Next Evolution

For the past few weeks, we have broken down the layered architecture of Nervos and discussed why it works for us,
and how having these layers lends itself to us building towards an internet-like experience.

But, in this final segment of the ‘Why Nervos Works’ series, we will be looking back at the words of our Chief Architect, Jan Xie.
He noted how Nervos, and the CKB blockchain, are an abstraction of Ethereum, just as Ethereum is an abstraction of Bitcoin.

This is an interesting concept, but one that underpins exactly what Nervos is striving to do with its layered approach and
multi-chain strategies to forge an even better blockchain platform.
In this article, we’ll do a quick recap of the very short history of the blockchain space and share with you how Nervos is positioned to help usher in the next blockchain evolution.

In the beginning…

Bitcoin was the original blockchain, and in its simple whitepaper, it set out to solve a problem with the financial system.
Bitcoin introduced the idea of being trustless through its consensus model,
removing the need for financial intermediaries and providing a basic framework for improving how we control money.

Ethereum built on this basic model but pushed it even further with the smart contract solutions,
which could remove any intermediaries in nearly any instance, adding a whole new world of flexibility and potential.

Forging a new path

Bitcoin set us on a revolutionary path to a more decentralized financial world. However, the lack of capability of the underlying technology required evolution.
Hence, Ethereum came along and provided a novel solution that continued to progress the evolution and capability of blockchain technology.

The reason for Ethereum’s success is that it solved thousands of problems systematically while others were trying to solve only one at a time.
Smart contracts were a huge evolution from what Bitcoin could do – moving value around in a decentralized peer-to-peer manner.

With smart contracts, Ethereum’s ability to be a ‘World computer’, lay the foundations of programmable blockchain,
and evolve to solve many different problems became a reality thanks to its abstraction from Bitcoin.

Just as the abstraction occurred from Bitcoin to Ethereum, there will likely be a next level abstraction as Jan explains:

“I would argue that a new abstraction is the hallmark of evolution and that the next-generation blockchain must be more abstract than its predecessor.
The Bitcoin to Ethereum leap was the first blockchain abstraction, and I believe it won’t be the last. As for how the post-Ethereum era might resemble, one should initially think about what can be abstracted further away from Ethereum.”

The next evolution

At Nervos, we believe we are on the path to the next evolution stage. Just as Ethereum managed to solve issues arising from Bitcoin’s limitation by abstraction out,
so Nervos is already showing solutions to Ethereum’s current scaling and state bloat concerns that have troubled even some of the most popular chains in the space.

Additionally, we believe in order to head toward a new global decentralized economy, we need a new vision of what an ideal blockchain should be like in the future. One with multiple permissionless blockchains, permissioned blockchains, and tools that enable the mass migration from Web2 to Web3.
All of these working together to create a universal internet-like public network – this is what the next evolution will look like.

Since launching Nervos, Jan and the rest of the team have been working towards creating this next evolutionary step.
The secure and decentralized CKB chain, with its flexible and future proof layer 2 architecture,
is inherently multi-chain and can be the foundation of a universal internet-like public network that will abstract away many of the complexities currently faced by new users.
This lays the foundation for a better experience by the next generation of users.

A better user experience

As we look at the post-Ethereum era, we have always believed that a better user experience will be vital in solidifying the next abstraction.
Established pain points are currently holding back a massive wave of mainstream blockchain adoption.

At Nervos, we have been working towards creating solutions to many of these problems and we aim to provide an internet-like experience for users.
We want Nervos to be the one single place that users go to, to use one wallet and still access multiple chains and the opportunities they present,
use dApps across multiple chains and basically have unfettered access to the entire blockchain ecosystem through Nervos.

Nervos Foundation Launches Support Program For Web3 dApp Builders

Nervos Network is excited to introduce the Nervos Build Club which is a brand new program that will bring together Web3 builders and provide them with the resources and peer-to-peer support they need to successfully launch their dApps.

Who can join the Build Club?
The program is for everyone passionate about creating Web3 projects with real-life applications and a desire to transform them into scalable businesses.

Nervos Build Club is accepting members wanting to work on DeFi projects, integrations, original projects, clones, utility projects, NFTs, and more.
Although every group’s needs will be different, we can meet all of them with our support and technology. Our program will help Web3 project builders with:

- Guided marketing support from the Foundation
- Priority technical support
- Access to online lectures from key leaders in the Web3 space
- Peer-to-peer builder support
- Venture Capitalist (VC) and Initial Dex Offerings (IDO) introductions
- Grant opportunities

Why build on Nervos?
Nervos will help you launch dApps that are inherently multi-chain. You can use Solidity, just like you would on Ethereum,
but you get the added benefit of interoperability with other blockchains.

So, you don’t have to build different versions of your dApps for different blockchains.

But how is this possible?

Our blockchain platform has 2 Layers:

Layer 1 provides the highest layer of blockchain security and decentralization capabilities.
Layer 2 is reserved for handling functions requiring high throughput. It’s flexible and offers a better UI with unlimited transactional capabilities and minimal transactional costs.
Thus, the two layers work together to solve the current interoperability and scalability issues in the current blockchain system.

In short, the Nervos ecosystem offers a solution for those looking for the benefits of Ethereum – with its establishment, good tooling, and documentation—but without the drawbacks, such as network congestion, high gas fees, over-saturation, and scalability issues.

If you would like to be a part of the Nervos Build Club, please fill out the application below:

https://share.hsforms.com/1OJsK4yV_QLW4Cf06QJwODwcadup

Get Ready to Hash it Out
Our successful weekly Twitter Spaces session of Hashing it Out is getting a major overhaul this April.
We are excited to let you know that starting this month, we will be bringing you a new and improved Hashing it Out.

This revamp of Hashing it Out will feature monthly Youtube audio episodes where we will cover major updates from in and around the Nervos Network.
It will also give the community an opportunity to get their questions answered.

With the likes of Hashing it Out regulars Jordan, Matt, Kylee, Taylor, and Amir appearing on the show, we hope you will listen in to keep up to date on the latest Nervos news.
Not only will it be news around Nervos, but in a podcast style, the team will tackle issues in the blockchain space and how they relate to Nervos.

Since everyone in our community is so important to us we want to make sure we gather input and answer questions from YOU.
We will be opening it up for questions from the community where you will be able to hear straight from foundation members exactly what is going on behind the scenes.
Just make sure to join our Discord to submit any questions you have there within the channel.

And More!
In addition to our new monthly Hashing it Out, we will also be holding ad hoc Twitter Space sessions for big news and updates.

If there is a major partnership coming up, or a big new launch, perhaps even a tech update or an AMA – we want to be there to explain it all.
Kylee will be on hand to host these Twitter spaces where we will dive into the latest update from Nervos that we think you will definitely want to hear first hand from our team.

Make sure to follow NervosNetwork on Twitter and stay tuned to find out when these will be happening as we will always announce them a few days beforehand.

Here for You
We know that our loyal community is always really interested in all the happenings at Nervos. We want to be available to share information and answer questions.
With this in mind we hope that our monthly Hashing it Out Youtube Podcasts and Twitter Spaces will provide the community with everything that they are
looking for to stay on top of our latest developments and hear directly from our dedicated team.

Why Nervos Works: Multi-chain for internet-like Interoperability



For the past few weeks, we have broken down ‘Why Nervos Works’. Starting with the Layer 1 Common Knowledge Foundation,
for security and decentralization, and moving to the Layer 2 of our architecture, which offers flexibility and future-proofing – we now turn to interoperability.

Interoperability has always been a particular target for Nervos.
We noted how early internet applications lived on segregated networks needing different ways to access and interact, and now,
in today’s decentralized world, we again see this segregation into different ecosystems with poor interoperability.

The Nervos Network solves this problem by offering a layered architecture that leads inherently to a powerful multi-chain approach

A foundation for Multi-Chain Capabilities

At the foundation of the ecosystem is the layer 1 CKB blockchain. It is designed to maximize security and decentralization.
It provides trust and validation to all layers built on top of it.

Layer 2 is designed to maximize scalability and throughput with near-instant transaction finality.
Multiple Layer 2s can be used in parallel to give higher throughput and bring additional features to the ecosystem.

Structurally, the Nervos virtual machine uses a computer architecture that gives blockchain developers a
level of flexibility and power that cannot be found on any other platform. This makes it easy for Nervos to quickly adapt to rapid changes in the industry, ongoing limitations, or respond to future challenges.

Having this structured architecture and utilizing different tools, Nervos becomes a platform designed to be inherently multi-chain.

Because of the construction of the Layer 1 CKB, Nervos operates at the lowest foundational level,
by emulating hardware itself on its virtual machine. This enables it to adapt quickly to future changes in the industry because the developer is given the flexibility of a full computer in a blockchain environment.

Adopting new cryptography – as in the fundamentals of another chain – is a massive undertaking that requires a
hard fork on many other platforms. On Nervos, it’s as simple as importing a new library into your smart contract.

Nervos’ vision of interoperability does not require that other projects be forced to conform to a single protocol.
This is an unrealistic expectation for an industry where innovation occurs rapidly, and competing protocols are always changing.

Not all interoperability solutions are created equal, and many stop at a superficial level.
Nervos excels in this regard, by demonstrating that it has the ability to adapt itself to the protocols of other platforms.

Force Bridge and More

The process starts with Force Bridge, a cross-chain bridge that allows assets like tokens and NFTs to move freely back and forth between Nervos and other networks.
At the same time, bridges are nothing new, Nervos’ ability to adapt means that it can support multiple address formats from other blockchains directly on the Nervos blockchain.

This means that users can use their existing dApp wallets with dApps built on Nervos even though the wallet was never designed to support Nervos.
This means there is nothing new to install and nothing new to learn; everything just works seamlessly – a true multi-chain, internet-like experience.

Nervos’ goal is to eventually provide bridges to all of the major blockchains, giving developers access to the largest reach possible.
Developers get massive efficiency savings because, on Nervos, all users will be able to use their dApp without having to create a separate version for every individual chain.

Through the capability enabled by Nervos, developers no longer need to create dApps that can require extensive resources to build on other blockchains.
Eventually, all dApps on Nervos will be connected to many blockchains, thereby making the dApp an instant universal dApp.

As it stands, Ethereum is the biggest and most popular programmable blockchain – however, it has limitations and flaws.
Additionally, while well documented for developers on how to build, the ecosystem is saturated and siloed.

Nervos solves this with its Layer 2; the first Layer 2 is designed for scalability and Ethereum compatibility.
It is fully compatible with the Ethereum programming environment – EVM – which means that existing dApps written in the
Solidity programming language can port to Nervos with no smart contract changes necessary. Ethereum developers will feel right at home building on Nervos.

This is the third part of a four-part series that breaks down the architecture of Nervos and why it works as a blockchain platform for today, and into the future.
Stay tuned for our final article on Blockchain Abstraction.

Getting the Most out of $CKB: What Wallets?
In order to get the most out of a cryptocurrency, users will always look for good wallet support. At Nervos, we are proud of the wallet integrations we have done to enable seamless storage and usage of $CKB.

From the world’s most popular hardware wallet – Ledger,  to being one of the first few coins to integrate with Web 3.0 browser Opera, Nervos is ensuring the safe storage and usability of its token.

While $CKB can be used and stored across a multitude of wallets, we will be looking at five of the more popular choices for our community – Ledger, Opera, Safepal, imToken, and Portal Wallet.

Ledger
Recently, it was announced that Ledger had added support for $CKB. Meaning Ledger users can now store, send and receive $CKB using their Ledger Nano X and Ledger Nano S wallets.

This is a major integration for $CKB as it not only provides excellent opportunities for cold storage of the token, but also allows for a lot more utility through the full suite of services available through Ledger.

As part of the integration, users are able to utilize Ledger to sign transactions securely as they use the many new dApps available on Nervos’ EVM-compatible Layer 2 blockchain Godwoken.

Click here for Ledger guide

Click here for a walkthrough tutorial video

Click here for a user guide for Neuron users

Opera
Having announced that Opera would become the fourth blockchain integrated into the Opera browser, we are happy to announce that our Layer 1 integration is currently live!

Opera’s millions of users can send and receive $CKB within the crypto wallet built into the Opera browser on Android. Once the next phase of integration is complete, the wallet will support token transactions on Nervos’ Layer 2, Godwoken.

Nervos is the latest blockchain to complete an integration with the browser after Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Celo.

Click here to read more

SafePal
Nervos was also recently added to the SafePal wallet ecosystem. Users of SafePal are now able to store their $CKB assets both on layer 1 and layer 2 directly within the SafePal wallet. However, SafePal offers more than just wallet support.

Through SafePal users have access to a fiat/$CKB gateway via Simplex, an EU-licensed financial institution. SafePal has also integrated the bridge between Nervos and Godwoken and will support liquidity mining of Nervos DeFi projects. Not to mention, SafePal supports $CKB Swap. (More on SafePal Support.)

SafePal has also been heavily involved in growing our first integrated DEX – YokaiSwap – choosing the DEX  as its first-ever layer 2 partner for Wallet Holder Offering (WHO).

Click here for a guide on Getting CKB to Yokai and back again

Click here for a user guide

imToken
imToken is a well established digital asset management platform offering an easy, simple and powerful interface for users. They support over 10 million users across more than 100 countries, and provide a multi-chain wallet, built-in token exchange, and a web3 dApp browser.

Read More about CKB on Nervos

Click here for guide on imToken 2.5.0

Click here for CKB DAO staking Tutorial with imToken

Portal Wallet
After the mainnet launch of Nervos in November 2019, Portal Wallet became the first dApp available on the network.

Portal Wallet is not only a wallet but also a complete dApp that leverages various features of Nervos. Users do not need to download new software or generate new keys/addresses to access Nervos, they can use their existing Ethereum addresses and wallets to receive and send CKB directly.

To enjoy this seamless experience, users can open the Portal Wallet with MetaMask, imToken, or a variety of other Ethereum dApp browsers to get started.

Portal Wallet bids farewell to the old process of downloading a new wallet to use a new public blockchain dApp, by allowing users to simply use their existing Ethereum address to send and receive CKB.

Read more about Portal Wallet

Watch a Portal Wallet Guide

https://www.pbwsummit.com/

What we do on summit?
- The mission is to create a narrative that Nervos are attending more functions, more summits and more conventions to elevate and push Nervos forward in 2022
- Nervos means business
- Generate excitement to get community to share with others
- We’ll be there using it our booth as a platform to attract new partnerships and to gather as many contacts as possible for new projects, developers and help build more community liasons

Paris Blockchain Week Summit is the flagship event of Paris Blockchain Week
gathering more than 3000 attendees, 70 sponsors, 250 speakers and 100 media partners.

During two days, PBWS will host sessions about traceability, leveraging blockchain on the innovation journey, digital governance,
what's been built in 2021/2022, the state of digital asset liquidity, international regulatory cooperation and much more!

Renowned speakers from the best blockchain and digital asset companies in the world will
share their stories and insights on the market and its prospects.

Join Nervos as we bring together a diverse group representing the brightest minds, game changers, creators,
regulators and insiders along with business professionals and leading investors / VC’s to help you navigate througth the blockchain industry.

Palais Brongniart is a historic building, located in the heart of Paris and formerly served as the French Stock Exchange for nearly 200 years will be the new location for the most exciting digital assets events in the world, the third edition of Paris Blockchain Week Summit on April 13th-14th 2022!”

Nervos are proud to be attending this majestic new location to showcase our tech.

Nervos Layer 1 – A Major Protocol Upgrade is Rolling Out



The Nervos Network core team is one step closer to checking off one of the biggest milestones in our roadmap for 2022.
A Major Protocol Upgrade is completed and will soon launch on the Nervos L1 Mainnet.

This significant achievement is the first hard fork since the Nervos Network 2019 initial Mainnet “Lina” launch.
And with it, we are excited to announce the new version of Mainnet will be named “Mirana.”

This Major Protocol Upgrade (RFCs available) will pave the way for brand new features such as cryptographic-friendly instruction sets,
virtual machine versioning, extensible block header, and new cryptography standards to improve efficiency, capability, and smart contract composability.

Numerous library updates have been provided along with the non-contentious hardfork (all consensus rule changes have been discussed and activated on Aggron Testnet since October 24th, 2021).

Our partners will begin their updates in preparation for the full upgrade launch on Mainnet at epoch 5414 (estimated date May 10th at 01:00 UTC).
We have provided a complete migration guide to ensure preparation for node operators, miners, wallets, exchanges, and L1 dApps. Please note that this does not require any action for CKB holders.

Watch out for future posts as we break down the specific changes made and their benefits!

For questions, comments or concerns, please join our Discord and discussion on the #2022-protocol-upgrade channel.

Why Nervos Works: Layer 1 for Security and Decentralization

Since Nervos was founded in 2018, we have been working to create a blockchain platform that has the capabilities to forge a new path in Web 3.0.
This means not only being a successful and viable platform today, but also having the foundations to be future-proof in a fast-paced space.

The construction of Nervos is what makes it a platform with such potential.
A solid and secure Layer 1, with a Layer 2 environment that is flexible and scalable, is aimed at being inherently multi-chain.

To better understand Nervos’ goals, it is good to get a grasp of its foundational layer – The Common Knowledge Base (CKB).
CKB, while also the token ticker, is Nervos’ Layer 1 and provides, among other things, the highest degree of blockchain security and potential for decentralization.

More than this, the construction of CKB allows for a flexible and scalable Layer 2 to work independently and independently on top of it, making it an ideal playground for blockchain dApp developers.

In this article, we will be diving into Why Nervos Works: Layer 1

Store of Assets

At its core, CKB is a Store of Assets public permissionless blockchain; the same description can also be given to Bitcoin.
 However, CKB is different from Bitcoin, but does borrow a lot of its good bits.

First of all, CKB, like Bitcoin, is Proof-of-Work, and while there has been a lot of debate around the environmental impact of PoW coins, much of the arguments are straw man fallacies.
PoW was selected for Nervos’ Layer 1 because only PoW meets all the demands for a truly decentralized system.

Proof-of-Stake systems permission the consensus process, allowing the largest validators to consolidate their status over time and entrench themselves in positions of power on the network.
PoW, on the other hand, offers far more open access to competition, and no one is likely to maintain a leading edge in technology and operation forever.

A Layered Approach

PoW helps with decentralization, but also with security, this is because CKB is purposefully tasked with security for the network.
This layer doesn’t do any computation, but focuses solely on validation of transactions, keeping the blockchain honest.

CKB is referred to as being a “cryptographic court” because it serves as a regulator for off-chain transactions.
This frees up Layer 2 to focus on scalability while providing optimal decentralization.

This layered architecture of Nervos, as highlighted above, shows how the two layers work independently and independently of each other.
It also shows how we have settled issues of scalability and fluidity while maintaining security and decentralization due to the make up of CKB.

This layered approach means Nervos has the ability to store assets, like Bitcoin, but it also has smart contract capabilities, like Ethereum.
However, CKB has been designed to be a state verification and storage system instead of a computation platform.
The Layer 1 blockchain verifies and stores states, while the computation-intensive state generation happens on Layer 2.

The Common Knowledge Base

The name for our Layer 1 is not arbitrarily chosen. Common knowledge is information that is accepted by a group of people, but not only does this group have common knowledge,
they also know that other participants in the group have the same knowledge – and this is important for Nervos and Blockchain.

The idea of Bitcoin was to create a public accounting ledger that records who owns what, and keeps track of all transactions. Money is the common knowledge stored in the Bitcoin ledger.

At Nervos, we want to take this one step further and store more kinds of common knowledge (e.g. digital assets, smart contracts, crypto proofs for arbitration, identities, etc.) on the Nervos CKB.
This is different to current blockchains which are fundamentally fixed, once they are built.

While they will be upgraded over time, their structure will generally remain the same.
To see the challenge this brings, we can look at how difficult it has been to bring Segwit to Bitcoin or Wasm to Ethereum.

CKB takes a step back. Scripts are far more primitive than smart contracts in Ethereum, but carry a significant benefit:
flexibility. Almost all algorithms and data structures are implemented in CKB scripts stored within cells.

On CKB, if you are not satisfied with fundamental functionality, such as a signature algorithm or hash function, just roll up your sleeves and build what you need.

CKB is like an organic construction, rather than a work of traditional engineering.
It allows the network to evolve at its lowest level, and for there to be continual adaptation and adjustment from the ground up.

This is the first in a four-part series that breaks down the architecture of Nervos and why it works as a blockchain platform for today, and into the future, Stay tuned for part 2:
Why Nervos Works: Layer 2 for Flexibility and Future Proofing

Hello Godwoken: DIA Oracles Available in the Nervos EVM Layer

We are thrilled to announce the deployment of DIA’s data infrastructure into Godwoken, the EVM layer-2 blockchain by Nervos.



Update 31.03.2022: DIA’s open-sources oracles have been successfully integrated with Godwoken, the Nervos Network EVM Layer.
Decentralised applications built on top of Nervos EVM layer can now natively access DIA’s broad set of data feeds, including price feeds for 6k+ digital assets, 20k+ traditional financial assets, a range of lending rates, FX rates and other data feeds.

Try now the DIA demo oracle on the Godwoken Testnet: 0x96c5f1e50c4393efa890699cd9aecf3fb58dcb99

The Nervos Network is an open blockchain platform to build applications that are decentralised, autonomous and universally accessible.
Nervos aims to create an all-encompassing build architecture that allows dApp developers to build once and reach all users, everywhere.
The Nervos blockchain is formed by two main components: Nervos CKB and Nervos Godwoken.

On one hand, the Nervos CKB is a layer 1 proof-of-work public blockchain protocol: any crypto-asset can be stored with the security, immutability and permissionless nature of Bitcoin,
while enabling smart contracts, layer 2 capabilities and capture the total network value through a unique crypto-economic “store of value” design and native token, the CKByte.
On the other hand, Godwoken is a newly launched, Ethereum-compatible layer on top of Nervos allowing ETH dApps the ability to port to CKB with a generic framework to build roll-up solutions upon Nervos CKB.

We are excited to announce that DIA’s trusted oracles services will be integrated into Godwoken, the EVM layer-2 blockchain by Nervos.
This new deployment is set to provide a new reliable oracle service for dApps building on this layer, or porting over from Ethereum.
This collaboration will expand Nervo’s oracle offering and enable dApp builders to access DIA’s broad set of more than 5.000 data feeds on Nervos’ layer-2 Godwoken.

“It s pleasing to be working with so many great companies who want to help build out our network and support our burgeoning ecosystem,”
said Nervos co-founder Kevin Wang. “We all know the importance of oracles in the DeFi world, and as we look to grow out our own DeFi offering,
it is great to know that developers will have choices when they choose to come to Nervos”

“The DeFi ecosystem is witnessing a growing number of scaling solutions surge in the last months, focussed on solving the interoperability and scalability issues of the blockchains,”
mentions Michael Weber, DIA Association President. “We are very excited to contribute to these new exciting ecosystems like Nervos by deploying DIA’s oracle data provision into these networks.”

https://www.ethdubaiconf.org/
ETH DUBAI

The Nervos Network is pleased to meet at another destination this year and that’s #ETHDubai, having already been to #ETHDenver,
its part of our mission to cross the world to highlight our ambition to bring global awareness to the #NervosNetwork $CKB to search for new partnerships,
more talent and gain new ideas at the ever changing environment surrounding the #blockchain, #defi and #Web3 space. The conference runs from the 29th-31st March

ETHDubai is the conference for passionate devs and contributors on anything related to **Ethereum, DeFi, EVM and more** with a focus on decentralisation and **
community projects such as Yearn and its ecosystem**. Expect **great speakers, talks, workshops for both experts and beginners and tons of great social events** you will not forget.
Dubai is one of the easiest place on Earth to get to **without a visa and without a vaccine passport (only PCR test)** wherever you are from, with beautiful pristine sand beaches, great weather, affordable accommodation and endless entertainment for all.

Last but not least, if you are a frontend developer that wants to learn #web3 but don't know where to start, we will have workshops with experts so that you can get started writing your first dapp with Solidity,
Typescript and basic React knowledge. **We will also provide more advanced workshops for people already familiar with #web3 technologies**.

The conference runs from the 29th-31st March

Win a Ledger Hardware Wallet!



We want to show you just how simple managing your $CKB can be with Ledger, but with some added incentives. We have a giveaway promotion where you can win 1 of 30 Ledger wallets.

📢 Nervos is giving away 30 ledgers to 30 lucky people in celebration of $CKB’s integration with Ledger! 🔥

https://gleam.io/0UauV/nervos-network-ledger-giveaway

Now Use Ledger to Store, Send and Receive Nervos CKB Tokens
In our continuing bid to make Nervos easy to use and user friendly, we are excited to, finally, announce we have completed a full integration with Ledger. Ledger is well known in the cryptocurrency space as one of the leading makers of hardware wallets.

Starting today, Nervos users can store, send and receive $CKB using their Ledger Nano X and Ledger Nano S wallets.

Hardware wallets like Ledger, allow users to secure their cryptocurrency with a hardware wallet device to reduce security risks vs. those commonly associated with storing and transacting with an online wallet or what is commonly referred to as a hot wallet.

A Major Step for Nervos
Ledger devices support only select crypto tokens so for Nervos to be one of only a few projects that have completed a full integration with the wallet provider it is a testament to progress of the platform that is being built. This major accomplishment is a proud moment for Nervos as this is an integration that has been one of the most frequent requests from our community. We heard you and we listened to you and now we are excited to offer Ledger capability for everyone’s Nervos CKB.

Get Started Using Your Ledger with Nervos CKB
In order to start using Ledger to manage your $CKB, we have a useful tutorial that will walk you through the steps. Click here to to get going with Ledger!

Additionally, one of our community members has created a walkthrough tutorial video to show you exactly what to expect when using Nervos on Ledger. Click here!

Win a Ledger Hardware Wallet!
Additionally, we want to show you just how simple managing your $CKB can be with Ledger, but with some added incentives. We have a giveaway promotion where you can win 1 of 30 Ledger wallets.

If you would like to get involved, stay tuned for our Gleam Campaign coming tomorrow!

https://web3champs.com



**Overview: Web3 Championship - March 18th**

The Web3 World Championship is the first-ever global and unique hackathon to highlight, support, and promote the best talents in web3.
The contenders will be competing against the best coders & artists from across the world in the following tracks:

## Tracks
- **100M DASH -** Fastest contender to port an EVM dapp to Nervos wins the dash.
- **RELAY -** Contribute your strongest skills to the dapp and pass it on to next team member
- **MARATHON -** Teams battle to complete the marathon by building a meaningful dapp!
- **ART ATTACK -** Create mind-blowing NFT art and launch on Nervos

**Overview**

The Web3 Championship is the first ever Hackathon hosted by Nervos with a prize pool of $75,000.
The goal of this event is to increase the number of developers on Nervos and show how simple it is to Port other ETH projects to Nervos,
build a dApp on Nervos’ EVM compatible L2 or mint an NFT on Nervos. First 500 signups for the championship get an NFT created by @ilham_nft

**Event Details**

- Host: Nervos www.web3champs.com
- Date: Start of Championship - March 18th, 2022 at 10AM ET
- Date: Announcement of winners - May 18th
- Submission Period: March 18 - May 2

**Prizes Categories  - Total prize pool of** $75,000 USD in CKB + NFTs for Gold Silver & Bronze

- **100m Dash -** Race to port an ethereum dapp project and launch on Nervos L2. First 10 win a prize.
- **Marathon** - Create a dApp and launch on Nervos Blockchain EVM compatible L2.
- **Relay -** Get teamed up and create a dApp and launch on Nervos Blockchain EVM compatible L2 with your relay team. Three people per team.
- **Art Attack** - Create and mint an NFT on Kollect.me, Nervos’ flagship NFT platform. Top 10 NFTs win a prize.

**Key Highlights**
- First ever Web3 Championship hackathon hosted by Nervos
- One of the main points of this event is to show how quickly and easily it is to port an ethereum dApp on Nervos L2, hence the “race” style of the championship
- With multi events to enter this makes it fun for developers to pick and choose an area to focus on and win one of many prizes

Nervos and XP.NETWORK Partner to Expand Multi-Chain NFT Offerings

The NFT space is arguably one of the fastest growing sectors of the blockchain ecosystem.
And with this, we are excited to announce our latest partnership.
Nervos Network and XP.NETWORK will be partnering to integrate an NFT bridge between the two platforms.

The bridge will allow Nervos to add an even greater variety of NFTs to the platform through XP.NETWORK,
giving access to other chains. Nervos’ multi-chain approach to growing out the ecosystem is perfectly suited to
integrating this bridge and will fit in well with our desire to expand NFT offerings on Nervos.

Bringing You More NFT Opportunities

XP.NETWORK aims to turn the growing NFT market into an accessible and easy-to-use place through their
chain-agnostic bridge designed specially to let NFTs flow freely between networks and wallets while avoiding complications such as different NFT standards.

This approach to multi-chain NFT application is similar to Nervos’ general multi-chain strategy, which begins with the Force Bridge.
Being able to integrate with XP.NETWORK through the NFT bridge is like a gateway to multiple different NFT opportunities, on a variety of different chains.

This is a huge boost to Nervos’ own growing NFT ecosystem, and is a move that is predicated on massive multi-chain growth potential.

“At Nervos, we strongly believe that the future of blockchain is multi-chain, so we are always looking to work with projects that are
helping connect and remove barriers to interoperability. With XP.Network and their ability to provide a simple user infrastructure
for a burgeoning multi-chain NFT world, we believe this will open up many exciting opportunities for our community” explained Kevin Wang, co-founder of Nervos.

About XP.NETWORK

Since it went live in 2021, the XP.NETWORK bridge has become the world’s most potent NFT bridge with over a dozen connected chains,
supporting hundreds of dApps – making it the ideal superhighway that turns every chain into a central intersection of information.

Understanding Nervos’ 2022 Roadmap: With Chief Architect Jan Xie



Last week we held a successful AMA with our Chief Architect, Jan Xie. He answered general questions about Nervos and its architecture, our goal of user simplicity, the future of interoperability, and much more.

We would like to share some of the updates from January on the 2022 roadmap, as well as some of his thoughts on Nervos and the blockchain ecosystem in general.
This article should help you get a much better understanding of what is going on in the Nervos Network engine room at the moment.

Some quick Updates from Jan!
- 100% compatibility between Godwoken and Metamask is on its way. Estimate is testnet launch in March and mainnet launch in Q2.
- Progress is being made on Force Bridge to Bitcoin. The asset bridge is easy, but it is the work on enabling Bitcoin users to operate Nervos dApps like we enable Ethereum users that is hard.
- We are working on zkevm (A virtual machine that runs on the zk Rollup network) and hopefully will see that in the next year or two.

Nervos as Layer 0 / Security Layer to the Blockchain Ecosystem?
The Nervos Network is a platform that identified and addressed issues currently dogging the blockchain ecosystem, right from its genesis.
Proposing ‘State Rent’ to beat the State Bloat on Ethereum, as well as other innovations makes Nervos well primed to to be a base layer in a blockchain ecosystem that could be multi layered.

“CKB can definitely be used as a security anchor or "layer 0" of other blockchains,” explains Jan. “You may notice that Godwoken and Axon are both L2 frameworks that can be used to build application specific chains on Nervos.

“Besides the shared security provided by CKB, building on Godwoken/Axon can also enjoy the benefits of Nervos interoperability 2.0 and access to a larger user base..”

“By the way, I don't like the term ‘layer 0’. There were two definitions of layer 0 in crypto: First, a p2p network/protocol that can be used by many blockchain networks. And two, a shared security layer under all other blockchains.”

“The first definition is a misconception because a p2p network is not a layer parallel with layer 1/2; the second definition implies a single ‘layer 0’ blockchain worldview which I disagree with.

There will be multiple layered networks each has its own layer 1 but no one can rule them all.”

Flexibility Leads to Simplicity
One of the goals of Nervos right from the beginning was to create a blockchain platform that can provide a seamless internet-like expereince. This means that it is simple to use, flexible and powerful.
Current blockchain platforms and ecosystems are still very complex and niched, requiring a lot of prior knowledge to get the most utility out of their ecosystem. Nervos wants blockchain to be as easy as sending an email and this all starts with flexibility.

Nervos will make its ecosystem as simple to use as possible by building a layered network and making layer 1 as flexible as possible,” added Jan.
“Security, decentralization and UX are conflicting design goals and the best way to get all of them is divide-and-conquer or achieve them on different layers.”

“With layer 2, middleware and user interface, complicated technical details can be hidden from users. UX can always be optimized or improved at the upper layer.
You don't know how SMTP works but you can use Gmail. You don't know how the TCP handshake is completed but you can watch Netflix.”

“The Internet is as complicated but upper layer protocols and applications hide those details.
The difference between the Internet and blockchain is we have the goal to preserve security and decentralization as much as possible while building apps on top.”

“The extra goal requires a flexible layer 1, otherwise the upper layer applications would have to rely on centralized intermediaries to realize a smooth user interface.
That's why projects like Unipass, an email based web3 identity system, can only be built on CKB without any centralized intermediary.”

CKB Light to Bring More Applications
The roadmap spelled out the path towards the much anticipated CKB light client.
The first protocol update this year will lay out the groundwork for a fly client protocol and CKB light client.

The CKB light client is a long-awaited feature of CKB with the potential to bring the user experience to a whole new level, without sacrificing decentralization.
 It also means new possibilities for dApps on Nervos.

“I would be excited to see the use of CKB light client in mobile, browser and embedded environment,” said Jan. “With CKB light client on mobile we can build easy-to-use payment dApps to facilitate p2p payment,
based on permissionless off-chain payment networks.”

“The payment dApp can integrate with Unipass to support transfer between decentralized email-based identity, or DAS for user-friendly names and sub accounts.
Any UDT, NFT or stablecoin can be transferred easily in a trustless and friendly way.”

“With CKB light client in web browser developers would be able to build trustless web or extension wallet, with no dependency on any centralized API service.
Or we can build a browser extension to support visiting websites with DAS names thereby decentralizing the Internet's domain name system completely.”

Nervos as an Institutional Platform?
The growth of blockchain and cryptocurrency adoption has seen a lot of interest from institutional entities,
but they require rather specific process checks, such as permissioned protocols, AML/KYC and others that are common in the traditional finance world.

It’s conceivable that new institutional focused layers could be built on Nervos as its foundation is rooted in providing
 a broad and flexible platform and solutions could easily incorporate some of the required features from institutions automatically into the layer.

Jan shares his thoughts on potentially tailoring aspects for institutional use cases in the discussion and says “I like the idea of having solutions optimized for institutional use,” says Jan.
“Godwoken, Axon and SMT dapp are all general frameworks with very open licenses, any team should feel free to package them into business solutions that could be geared toward institutions.

A Big Year for Nervos
2022 marks the fifth year of the Nervos Network. This is a nice milestone to tick off, but it also coincides with a year that we see as being fundamental to our growth and establishment in the blockchain and Web3.0 space.
From the roll out of our technology, to the growth across our ecosystem and the traction we are gaining in the space, we feel well primed to deliver on the 2022 roadmap and to make a big impact in this ever changing arena.

Our partnership with @sifchain, an Omni-chain #DEX built on @cosmos, will bring about a #Godwoken x #Sifchain bridge that will expand #Nervos’ #blockchain interoperability plan 🔥 and that will allow:



✅Moving assets freely across separate chains
✅Projects on #Cosmos will be able to transfer their tokens to Nervos;
✅ and access various projects within our ecosystem and vice versa.

#Web3con
Week has started, and we're excited to 📣 announce Eric, our Head of Developer Relations at #Nervos,
will be speaking about the 'Realities of The Web3 Job Search Panel' on March 5th 📅  at 1:45 pm EST.



Register for a FREE ticket and tune in📍http://emamo.com/event/web3con

GRANTS ROUND 13 HACKATHON



Gitcoin Grants Round 13 Hackathon
March 09, 2022 - March 30, 2022

Calling All Builders
Join Gitcoin’s vibrant community of builders getting paid to build Open Source.
This community includes more than 200,000 active builders who have collectively generated $40+ million for digital public goods.
Join a sponsored hackathon and team up with new friends to tackle new challenges and learn new skills while earning rewards in Open Source.

Here’s how to get started:
- Find a team and connect with builders on the Gitcoin Discord; navigate to the #👋start-here channel and select the 'Hackathons & Events' role; then, go to #😺team-up
- Sign up for the hackathon and 'Join Now' at the top of this page
- Link to the event and workshop schedule: https://www.addevent.com/calendar/Fu274403
- Check for updates on #🖖builders-general and the #🦄gr13-hackathon in the Gitcoin Discord and your email inbox.

Here’re the key dates:
- March 09th, Wednesday: Hackathon begins
- 03/09 @ 10:30 AM PST: Opening Ceremony
- 03/10@ 6:00 AM PST: Team Building Session 1
- 03/10@ 11:00 AM PST: Team Building Session 2
- March 30 Wednesday: Deadline for submission of hackathon projects
- April 08 Hackathon project showcase

Sponsor Workshops: Coming soon!

Nervos Network 2022 Roadmap



The Nervos Network has been ticking off major milestones since its foundation and last year was arguably,
the biggest year for Nervos in terms of growth through major releases such as Force Bridge and Godwoken.
With these major milestones achieved in 2021, the doors are open for even more projects to take advantage
of a much more flexible and broad reaching multi-chain ecosystem this year.

Now in 2022, the Nervos Network is looking to take the platform even further ahead.
New innovations across both the Layer 1 and Layer 2 chains are in the works right now.
Improvements in interoperability will expand the reach of the Nervos community through
additional bridges to new chains and are close to being launched. Finally and most importantly,
the Nervos Network is continuing efforts on the cutting edge of crypto research to transform and improve blockchain technology to lead the way for the entire industry.

As you’ll see in this roadmap, the Nervos Network is clearly committed to pushing the boundaries in blockchain technology through these milestones.
These focused efforts are geared towards building a multi-chain solution that will make Nervos Network the ultimate platform where a diverse ecosystem of dApps will flourish.

Layer 1 / CKB (Common Knowledge Base)

CKB Major Protocol Update One
The first CKB Major Protocol Update began development in 2021 and is planned for release on mainnet in early 2022.
This will occur after the final audit and coordination within the community has been completed.
Lina (the name of the current L1 version) has been serving CKB for over 2 years now but now will step aside to make way for a new hero to be announced.

This first protocol update lays the groundwork for a flyclient protocol and CKB light client.
The CKB light client is a long-awaited feature of CKB with the potential to bring the user experience to a whole new level, without sacrificing decentralization.

The Nervos light client will use minimal resources via a flyclient protocol design, and thus is friendly to mobile, web and embedded environments.
Thanks to PoW (proof of work) and cell model structure, these light clients are much easier to build on CKB than on other blockchains.

CKB Major Protocol Update Two
In 2021 Q4, the CKB team also began the development of CKB Major Protocol Update Two, with an estimated mainnet release date of 2022 Q4.
One major aspect of this protocol update is its upgrade to RISC-V V-extension (RVV) for the CKB-VM.

RVV is the key to CKB’s cryptography abstraction approach. With RVV, cryptographic algorithms implemented as on-chain scripts can run faster in CKB-VM.
This means that certain cost-prohibitive cryptographic operations such as pairing, which are the basis of many zero-knowledge proof systems, will now become possible on CKB.

This update marks another significant integral improvement in the development of the Nervos Network.

These two protocol updates on CKB’s Layer 1 are integral and lay the foundation for scalability improvements on the Layer 2 architectures.

Scalability and L2s

Axon
Axon is a Layer 2 sidechain SDK created by the Nervos Network. The development of Axon first began in 2020 with Axon Prototype One followed by Axon Prototype Two in 2021.
Axon is designed for high throughput applications such as gaming or social networks while maintaining its own data availability layer. (Axon transactions are not stored on CKB, the Layer 1 chain.)

During its prototype phase and the launch of Godwoken, many learnings were made that helped pave the way for the next Axon development sprint.
In Axon’s current design, the data availability solution is separated from the sidechain protocol to be an independent project.
With this separation, the first stage of Axon will be a much simpler sidechain with UDT (user defined tokens) staking on CKB.
This separation also allows the possibility of many novel use cases.

With Axon, DApp developers will be able to use the Axon toolkit to create and distribute chain-specific
UDT on CKB with chain token holders able to stake UDT to become an Axon chain validator or just deposit it into the Axon chain for use in dApps.

Just like Godwoken, Axon will be 100% Ethereum compatible as applications being built on Axon will inherently have multi-chain capability.
The Nervos team looks forward to launching this new Layer 2 with a major event and bringing brand new dApps onto it through hackathons planned over the course of the year.

SMT dApps
SMT dApps are able to scale smoothly and are made ready for mass adoption. In 2022 Nervos will identify common patterns and provide even more support and tools for SMT dApps.

To explain better if Godwoken and Axon are the off-the-shelf generic layer-2 solution, SMT dApps are the highly-customized layer-2 applications based on SMT (Sparse Merkle Tree).
The sparse merkle tree is a highly optimized, well-tested, and audited data structure library introduced by the Godwoken team 2 years ago, to be used for state aggregation in Godwoken.

With the help of SMTs, dApps or layer-2 chains can move their state off-chain while keeping state integrity.
SMTs turns purely layer-1 dApps into off-chain dApps between layer-1 and layer-2 (“layer 1.5”). Examples of applications that are already using SMTs are Mibao NFT by Nervina,
Unipass V3 by Lay2 and the upcoming Sub-account Support by Decentralized Account Systems (DAS).

In addition to the current SMT dApp design, Nervos researchers will expand SMTs with additional optimizations to push the theoretical limit and formally prove its optimality.
More information on these research results will be released in 2022.

Developer friendly zkSNARKs
The need for developer-friendly zkSNARKs is becoming increasingly clear with privacy on the blockchain remaining an important piece of the overall puzzle.

Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non-Interactive Argument of Knowledge, also known as zkSNARKSs,
is a relatively new form of Zero-Knowledge cryptography that allows one party to prove it possesses specific information without revealing that information to another party.

With “Polynomial IOPs for Linear Algebra Relations” published in The International Conference on Practice and Theory of Public-Key Cryptography (PKC) 2022,
Nervos has made steady progress in designing more efficient and developer-friendly zkSNARKs.

Nervos will present two new tools for the development of these zkSNARKS, named VOProof and VORAM.

Specifically, VOProof provides a simple and intuitive language for describing the zkSNARK design and a compiler transforms this language into the working code of the zkSNARK.
Based on the VOProof toolset, Nervos has developed VORAM,
which focuses on the automatic creation of zkSNARKs-based on RAMs—a class of computational models that are friendly to programmers

Interoperability
Building on an improved backbone of Layer 1 and Layer 2 improvements the Nervos Network will reveal additional
interoperability improvements as this area is one of Nervos’ defining characteristics to create a multi-chain ecosystem.

Godwoken Ethereum Equivalence
The Nervos Layer 2 solution named Godwoken took center stage in late 2021 with its low fees and quick runtime.
Now in 2022 Nervos plans to build upon that early success to launch the next version of Godwoken and bring it to the next level.

This newest version of Godwoken will be 100% Ethereum compatible, allowing for conveniences such as full Metamask support,
simpler contract deployment solutions and tighter integration with the existing Ethereum ecosystem.

In addition to Ethereum compatibility, the new version of Godwoken will improve upon its Web3 RPC scalability
to increase data query and transaction capacity to meet the challenges of an ever-growing ecosystem.

Force Bridge & Cross-chain Liquidity
Force Bridge, a cross-chain bridge network that helps users move assets between Layer 1 and Layer 2 blockchains plays an integral part in the development of the Nervos platform.
The team views Force Bridges as providing tremendous opportunity to a variety of chains where there is little to no existence of dApps.

Now in 2022 the team will continue to add additional chains through new Force Bridges that will enable an even more diverse ecosystem of communities.
This key connection with other chains will provide numerous opportunities for new people to utilize their assets within the Nervos ecosystem and, at the same time,
bring even more cross-chain liquidity to the platform.

Research
Research is a critical and fundamental building block of Nervos. Every day the team continues to push ahead across many highly technical research areas to further improve the Nervos platform.
With these efforts, such as helping found the UTXO Alliance,
Nervos will be taking more steps in 2022 to strengthen research in Proof of Work, Extended UTXO Model and payment channels.

Strengthening Proof of Work
Nervos CKB (Layer 1) operates on a bitcoin-like proof of work model (PoW) for a zero-compromise solution for consensus.
This updated consensus model was named NC-Max after the founder of bitcoin, Nakamoto.

The Nervos Network is looking forward to its consensus protocol NC-Max being published at Network and Distributed System Security (NDSS) Symposium later in 2022, one of “the big four” security conferences.
This will further cement Nervos’ position as a leading PoW researcher.

However, NC-Max is not the end of the journey. Nervos researchers have identified several areas to improve Nervos CKB’s current consensus mechanism.
This includes polishing its difficulty adjustment mechanism (DAM) ahead of its academic debut publishing in 2022.

Nervos is also working on a series of security analyses with different collaborators in academia.
On the network layer, Nervos has identified a security-performance tradeoff (similar to that in non-NC-Max blockchain protocols in blockDAG consensus protocols)
which were previously believed to be immune to the tradeoff. Conversely, on the consensus layer,
research will continue to explore the use
of tools in artificial intelligence to analyze the security of consensus protocols and release vulnerabilities of existing consensus protocols.

Cell / Extended UTXO Model
Nervos CKB (Layer 1) utilizes an Extended UTXO model which enables a number of important collaborations.
In 2022 in collaboration with the Cardano research team,
Nervos began a research project comparing the UTXO model and the account model even prior to the inception of the UTXO Alliance.

Together they achieved some preliminary results but didn’t manage to formalize them into a full report.
Now that the Nervos CKB toolchain is more complete, there are plans to demonstrate UTXO’s superiority not only conceptually but with experimental results.

The Nervos Network hopes that the upcoming paper based on these experiments will serve as an academic manifesto of the UTXO Alliance.
This paper will not only be among the earliest demonstrations of this model but also serve to be an advocate of the UTXO Alliance.

Payment Channel Network
Payment channel networks (PCN) have always been on the Nervos roadmap because Nervos consider it a necessary component of Layer 2 infrastructure.
Many prototypes in previous years were completed in order to test ideas combining PCN with UDT and other Layer 2 networks.
As this is a very important area of interest for Nervos, research will continue this year with new developments being shared in the later part of 2022.

Closing
With many new major milestones set for 2022. Nervos is on a path to creating even more value across the platform.

Each of the developments these key areas outlined will enable Nervos to take another step closer to achieving its overarching goal of making the Nervos Network as simple,
adaptable and scalable as possible.

In 2022 as Nervos continues to deliver major breakthroughs in the blockchain space,
the team couldn’t be more excited to have shared a glimpse of the future of the Nervos multi-chain vision.

Send and Receive $CKB in Opera Android Browser



We are excited to let you know the first phase of our integration with Opera is complete!
This follows on from our partnership with the multi-platform web browser that we announced last year.

Starting today, Opera’s millions of users can send and receive $CKB within the crypto wallet built into the Opera browser on Android.
Once the next phase of integration is complete, the wallet will support token transactions on Nervos’ Layer 2, Godwoken.
Opera’s developer-friendly browser wallet will support $CKB in the future to attract blockchain developers.
Nervos’ Layer 2 will also be integrated in Opera’s newly announced Crypto Browser Project, a dedicated Web3 browser currently in beta.

Nervos is the newest blockchain after Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Celo to be supported by the browser.

With Nervos’ Layer 1 integrated into Opera’s flagship Android browser, users will be able to easily send and receive CKB tokens via a seamless user interface,
with no need for any third-party browser extensions or wallet applications.
Additionally, users will have direct access to Nervos’ ecosystem of dApps, which supports NFTs, DeFi, gaming, and other applications.

The integration with Opera is a big step in bringing Nervos and its associated ecosystem to people in an easy-to-use and accessible way.
Opera, as a mainstream browser focused on Web3.0, with hundreds of millions of users, is important not only for the Nervos network but also the success of the future decentralized economy.

Crypto Exchange Bybit Lists $CKB Perpetual Futures for Trading

We’re excited to reveal Bybit, a leading global crypto exchange, has listed $CKB, the native token of the Nervos Network, for perpetual futures trading.
Starting today, traders can access the perpetual futures trading pair CKB/USDT on Bybit, with CKB/USDC expected to follow at a later date.

The listing comes as more traders, both in crypto and in traditional finance, take an interest in crypto derivatives, and specifically perpetual futures.
Unlike a typical futures contract, perpetual swaps don’t have an expiration date, eliminating the need to consistently reestablish a long or short position.
Furthermore, traders can potentially generate profits even if the cryptocurrency market is down.

Bybit boosts over 5 million users and more than 10 billion in daily trading volume. And is the first trading platform to list $CKB perpetual futures,
establishing a new way for traders and $CKB holders to engage with and invest with the token.

“Giving our community new ways to trade and invest in $CKB is an important part of our ecosystem’s growth,” said Kevin Wang, co-founder at Nervos.
“The demand for crypto derivatives continues to surge, so Bybit’s new $CKB Perpetual Futures listing will help to meet the needs of the investors and traders in our community.”

NervosPerp Campaign

To encourage users to take advantage of the new $CKB perpetual futures listing, Bybit has launched NervosPerp, a new trading campaign.

From February 15-28 at 23:59 UTC, users are invited to trade CKB/USDT contracts for more than $1,000 USDT to receive 10 USDT.
Users who register new Bybit accounts will get 20 USDT total.

Users can also participate in the Top 100 trading volume competition by trading CKB/USDT contracts.
The top user will receive 1,000 USDT and users ranking second through 100th place will receive 100 USDT each.
Overall, users new to Bybit will have a chance to receive up to 1020 USDT from the campaign.

For more information on the campaign, go to: https://blog.bybit.com/en-US/post/nothing-to-be-nervos-about-trade-ckbusdt-earn-up-to-1-020-usdt-bltf49b54766f904cd4/.

About Bybit

Bybit is a cryptocurrency exchange established in March 2018 to offer a professional platform where crypto traders can find an ultra-fast matching engine,
excellent customer service and multilingual community support. The company provides innovative online spot and derivatives trading services,
mining and staking products, as well as API support, to retail and institutional clients around the world, and strives to be the most reliable exchange for the emerging digital asset class.

Nervos is Heading to ETHDenver



The Nervos Network will be at ETHDenver, the largest and longest running Ethereum event in the world, this February.
The Web 3.0 ‘BUIDLathon’ is aimed at furthering growth for Ethereum and other blockchain protocols, and we are excited to showcase what the Nervos Network can do.

If you’re in the Denver area between February 15–20, come meet a number of the Nervos Foundation team members,
including co-founder Kevin Wang.(And if you haven’t already, apply to attend).

Our goal in Denver is to connect with developers and industry leaders who are looking to grow and expand the potential of blockchain into a Web3.0 world.
We want to show attendees the potential Nervos has and share our multi-chain strategy while highlighting tools like the Force Bridge and Godwoken.

We want to meet developers looking to build layer 2 applications and need a network that offers them scalability, speed,
and interoperability (check out our Godwoken whitelisting program).
We want to meet startups wanting to incubate their projects (learn more about our CKBLabs incubator).
 We also want to meet anyone else who is interested in the next generation of blockchains and a burgeoning DeFi ecosystem.

We are also proud to sponsor bounties at ETHDenver. Keep an eye out for more information on February 15.

Remember to stay up to date on the

ETHDenver

site for any changes to the calendar or schedule. We’ll also be sharing updates with our community across Discord and Twitter, so stay tuned!

YokaiSwap Launchpad: StableKoi IDO



We are very excited to announce YokaiSwap’s new IDO is launching on 18 February 2022 for StableKoi, the most liquid cross-chain stable swap on Nervos Network.

About StableKoi

StableKoi is the most liquid cross-chain stable swap on Nervos Network and will provide a liquidity foundation for stablecoins and assets from different blockchains.
StableKoi will facilitate the transfer of assets between Nervos and other blockchains.
In addition, users on StableKoi will be able to deposit crypto in the liquidity pool to earn passive yield, token incentives and vote on the governance of the ecosystem.

IDO Details

The IDO will start on 18 February at 2 AM UTC, with 5% of $KOI tokens at the price of $0.000025 per $KOI.
(20% for the community whitelist pool and 80% for the public overflow pool); the IDO will run for 24 hours, from 18 February 2022 at 2 AM UTC to 19 February 2022 at 2 AM UTC.
Once the IDO ends, you will receive KOI, which can be staked on Yokaiswap.com right after for KOI rewards.

KOI Token Info

• Target raise: $1,250,000
• Project valuation: $25,000,000
• Total supply: 1 Trillion
• IDO participation page: https://www.yokaiswap.com/launchpad
• IDO open date & time: 18 February 2022, 2 AM UTC
• IDO end date & time: 19 February 2022, 2 AM UTC

StableKoi Tokenomics

• 5% IDO
• 9% Liquidity reserve
• 25% Team & Advisors (2 years linear release)
• 25% Partnership & Ecosystem
• 36% Mining reservse

IDO — Overflow model

TLDR: Basically, the more CKB/ YOK LP token you put in, the more KOI you will get, and you’ll get back LP tokens that don’t get converted.
In the “Overflow” method, users can subscribe as much or as little as they want to the IDO,
and their final allocation will be based on the amount of funds they put in as a percentage of all funds put in by other users at the time the sale ends.
Users will receive any leftover funds when they claim their tokens after the sale.

It’s possible to receive no tokens at all: If you commit a very small amount of LP tokens compared to the total amount committed by others,
your contribution may be such a small part of the total that you may not qualify for even a small portion of the tokens sold.
In such a case, you will still be able to reclaim all the YOK/CKB LP tokens you committed.

How to participate StableKoi IDO?

To participate, you will need to prepare your YOK/CKB LP Token, see this detailed guide on becoming a liquidity provider (LP) on Yokaiswap.com: ​​
https://medium.com/@yokaiswap/yokaiswap-launch-feature-guide-2b30fe23b148
There are 2 pools for the IDO: overflow pool (80%) and whitelist pool (20%).

Step by step guide:

1. Visit Yokaiswap.com/launchpad
2. Start Staking and get YOK/CKB LP token
3. Commit YOK/CKB LP token
4. Claim your tokens and receive leftover LP token

How do I get whitelisted?

To be whitelisted, join our whitelisting campaign running from 10 February 2022, 2 AM UTC to 17 February 2022, 2 AM UTC.
Here’s the whitelist campaign link:
https://gleam.io/apJKs/stablekoi-ido-whitelist

Tasks to complete on Gleam:
1. Follow both @yokaiswap and @Stablekoi on Twitter
2. Retweet the pinned article on @Yokaiswap Twitter
3. Join Stablekoi and YokaiSwap Discord
4. Upload a screenshot of your YOK/CKB LP Token (Any amount)
5. Enter your Godwoken L2 address

How will I be notified if I am on the whitelist?

The Godwoken L2 addresses collected from Gleam.io will be used as identifiers.
Yokaiswap will publish a list of addresses as the whitelist on both Twitter and Discord so please make sure you follow us.

About YokaiSwap

YokaiSwap is a next-generation interoperable, decentralized trading platform and the first to come from the Nervos network.
As a DEX (Decentralized Exchange), YokaiSwap will have AMM (Automated Market Maker)
protocol integration which will be essential for priced assets to be algorithmically and efficiently swapped for users to smart contract transactions.
YokaiSwap also has Yield Farming and Staking so you can earn passive income after trading.
Stay updated with our latest news on Twitter, Discord and Blog.

🚀 @Daruma_DAO is live on Godwoken mainnet
🎮 @ProjectKami_NFT's official launch
🦍 @Nervapes Groovy Party NFT airdrop & Story 001
💳 @transak_finance has listed CKB

Read more at https://chinanervos.substack.com/p/ckb-weekly-paper-21-happy-lunar-new

At Nervos, we have crossed a significant milestone with the first Nervos Network cross-chain bridge,
Force Bridge, now live on mainnet.
The Ethereum Force Bridge connects the Ethereum ecosystem to our own Nervos ecosystem for increased interoperability and token liquidity.

This is a major step in Nervos’ interoperability 2.0 plan, which is our vision for a truly interconnected blockchain ecosystem.
Upcoming updates will include wrapped CKB on Ethereum, ADA Force Bridge, Bitcoin Force bridge, and more.

How Force Bridge Works

The Ethereum Force Bridge, an open-source project, allows the transfer of whitelisted tokens from the Ethereum chain to the Nervos chain through a series of smart contracts deployed on both sides.
These smart contracts implement wallets secured by a Force Bridge committee composed of the Nervos team and a group of ecosystem partners.

ETH or whitelisted ERC-20 tokens (currently DAI, USDT and USDC with more to come in the future) are first locked in a smart contract on the Ethereum blockchain side,
followed by the minting of corresponding sUDT tokens on the Nervos side. While the process occurs on Layer 1,
 tokens can also be sent directly to Layer 2 without any extra steps for the end-user.
When moving these assets from Ethereum to Nervos Layer 1, a total of 27 confirmations are required, with 12 on Ethereum and 15 on Nervos.

The SUDT tokens can later be transferred back to the Ethereum blockchain using the reverse process.
This, in turn, burns the sUDT tokens, followed by the Ethereum assets being released from the Ethereum blockchain smart contract.
The entire process was developed to be quick, secure, and convenient for both end-users and developers to use.

A small fee is incurred to support the ongoing security of the bridge and to pre-pay the CKBs necessary to mint new sUDT tokens on the Nervos blockchain.
Fee structures are available online as part of the open-source repository.

As part of our continued expansion of the Nervos Network,
we are excited to announce that we will be bridging to Binance Smart Chain (BSC) with the use of the Force Bridge.
This linking of the Nervos Network to BSC opens up a new realm of possibilities, especially in the DeFi space.

This new cross-chain bridge is part of our multi-chain strategy and interoperability journey that we hope will contribute greatly to our booming DeFi ecosystem.
With the launch of the bridge, BSC assets will be able to be transferred to the Nervos Ecosystem.

But, developers and projects building on BSC will be able to use their existing codebases to begin porting their dApps to Nervos,
enabling them to grow their user reach and brand awareness.
Users in the BSC ecosystem will also be able to take advantage of yield farming opportunities available through YokaiSwap,
the first decentralized exchange (DEX) to launch on Nervos.

At Nervos, we have been pursuing the creation of a multi-chain ecosystem with the creation of our interoperability tools,
such as the Force Bridge and Godwoken. These tools have great application in the DeFi space,
with a next-generation interoperable AMM decentralized exchange YokaiSwap running on Nervos,
and a new bridge to BSC, the usability of DeFi on Nervos is greatly increasing.

BSC has become a powerful and highly usable chain in the current blockchain ecosystem.
With the highest TVL outside of Ethereum, and over two million daily active users and a high of 14.7 million daily blockchain transactions,
BSC is a welcome addition for Nervos users, and the bridge also offers huge possibilities for BSC fans.

Developers will also appreciate the bridge as these teams can port their dApps to Nervos and gain access to projects, tools,
and resources available in a burgeoning network focused on DeFi development.

Additionally, YokaiSwap also will gain access to liquidity through the BSC ecosystem.

Having bridged to Ethereum, and plans to expand to other ecosystems and dapps, like Cardano and MELD,
as well as Cosmos and Kava, the Force Bridge is proving to be a powerful tool in our multi-chain pursuit.

The Force Bridge, a trustless cross-chain bridge that allows for seamless transactions between the Nervos ecosystem and other public chains, and Godwoken, 
the first EVM-compatible Layer 2 blockchain on the network. Nervos’ Layer 1 provides security and scalability,
allowing support for future layers and making it easier to build EVM-compatible cross-chains bridges,
such as the Nervos x BSC bridge, from the Nervos Network to other chains.

The deployment of the Force Bridge is unlike other bridges which requires token wrapping to move assets across.
Rather, along the Nervos x BSC bridge, there will be seamless token transfer across the network with Binance Coin (BNB) and Binance USD (BUSD),
being supported for asset transfers and cross-chain swaps at the start, with support for more BEP-20 tokens to come in the future.

         

What is Godwoken?
Godwoken is an EVM compatible layer 2 built on Nervos Layer 1.
Godwoken is an optimistic rollup ultimately inheriting security from layer 1.
Godwoken provides instant transaction finality with low fees and a completely Ethereum compatible environment on Nervos

Why choose Godwoken?
Be the first to benefit from a powerful, secure, inherently multi-chain blockchain ecosystem with low fees and quick transaction times.
With Nervos, Ethereum blockchain developers will be able to port dApps seamlessly, allowing them to be part of the next generation DeFi ecosystem.

How is Godwoken Different?
Godwoken in an inherently multi-chain solution utilizing advanced account abstraction that allows for flexible wallet support, or traditional user accounts, for an internet-like experience.
Cross-chain assets such as ETH and ERC-20 tokens can be utilized on deployed dApps through Nervos' Force Bridge.

Early internet applications lived on segregated networks needing different ways to access and interact.
Now, in today's decentralized world we again see this segregation into different ecosystems with poor interoperability.
The Nervos Network solves this problem by offering a suite of integrated solutions that allow the developer to build Universal Apps.

Access to any asset, any Blockchain
Choose your interface, choose your crypto and stick with it, but still access the entire space.
The frustration of multiple wallets, exchanges and seed phrases is no more with Nervos.

Operate dApps from any wallet or solution
Feel the power of Universal Apps as you navigate every one of them from your chosen solution.
Nervos brings the dApp ecosystem to you, and your wallet.

Code with flexibility, bring dApps from anywhere
Build on Nervos and have the ability to target any Virtual Machine (VM).
Port your dApp across with ease and instantly have access to the entire blockchain ecosystem.

Layer 2 solutions for seamless scaling
Experience scalability in action with working, powerful, Layer 2 scaling solutions.
Watch your projects scale straight away with the built-in power of these crafted solutions.

Secure and Decentralized
Optimized Nakamoto BTC consensus secured with ASIC-backed Proof-of-Work for maximum security and decentralization.

Sustainable Store of Value
Sustainable crypto-economics with a built-in store of value mechanism to solve some of the biggest sustainability challenges for public blockchains.

Layer 1 built for Layer 2
Unlimited flexibility and scalability through built-in, working, Layer 2 solutions on top of the powerful Nervos CKB Blockchain.

THE NERVOS CULTURE
The Nervos Network is being built by a team of developers with deep roots in the crypto space.
We are a diverse group with backgrounds in engineering, cryptography, token-economics and community building – currently more than 95+ people across the world.

TOKEN
The CKByte (CKB) — A pioneer in cryptocurrency utility

CKB is a cryptocurrency that can be used as a secure store
of value, like Bitcoin. It can also be a value token behind smart
contracts, like ETH. Store, execute, and even rent space on the
Nervos Blockchain with CKBytes.

What is CKByte?
The CKByte is the token that fuels the Nervos Network. It is not Bitcoin, and it is not ETH -- it is more than that.
The unique crypto-economic design makes it an ideal use case for Store of Value as well as capturing the total value of the network to increase security and aligning the interests of Users, Miners, Developers and Node operators.

How is it unique?
Our token is unique because it can achieve more than just one use. $CKB is not just storing value, or just executing smart contracts, it does both and more.
$CKB's crypto-economic design is not just to facilitate transactions, but also for long-term value preservation which scales with network growth and value creation.
$CKB is a powerful tool for the network, but a strong stand alone crypto as well.

What can it be used for?
Being a unique token that stretches the limits of what you know in cryptocurrency to be possible, $CKB comes with a lot of uses.
You will be happy to know $CKB ticks the boxes to be used as a medium of exchange, as well as a store of value.
You can use $CKB in executing your smart contracts or for use in dApps and even in renting out space on the blockchain.

What is Nervos DAO?
The Nervos DAO lets you lock CKBytes, that are currently unused, in order to receive rewards from secondary issuance.
Think of it like this, if you are depositing in the Nervos DAO, your holdings will never be diluted by secondary issuance.
Although it may seem slightly complicated at first, the Nervos DAO, alongside every aspect of $CKB, is developed in a totally permissionless, decentralized and trustless way.

How to purchase $CKB?
The best way to purchase the $CKB token is to visit one of the exchanges listed below.
If you need some more help, we have a step-by-step guide that will take you through the process of purchaing $CKB.

We can help you along with the step by step guide.
Also US investors can use SafePal for buying $CKB.
You can find any $CKB wallet, DEX and Exchange tutorials here.

HOW DO I STORE MY
CKB AND KEEP IT SAFE
There are a number of ways that you can keep your CKB safe on either software or even hardware wallets.

Additionally, CKB is available at several exchanges, where it can be stored, but for added security, it is worth looking into some other options.

Neuron
Neuron is the Nervos Network’s native wallet
https://github.com/nervosnetwork/neuron/releases

imToken
Easy and secure digital wallet trusted by millions
https://token.im/

Ledger
One of the more popular hardware wallets and it offers support for storing CKB.
https://www.ledger.com/

WHITE PAPERS AND RESEARCH
To take a deeper dive into the Nervos Network to understand our
position in the blockchain ecosystem, as well as the Layer 1 and
crypto-economic design.

It is important that we help our communities understand what we try to accomplish, the trade-offs we have made, and how we have arrived at our current design decisions.
The Nervos Positioning Paper will give a clearer picture of where the Network sits in the current blockchain ecosystem, and where it will find itself in the future.
Read the Paper.

Crypto-economics of the Nervos Common Knowledge Base
We understand a well-designed crypto-economic model is needed to provide incentives so that participants pursue their own economic interests to lead to a desired behavior to contribute to the blockchain network’s success.
We invite you to read our Crypto-Economic paper to understand how we embrace the full gambit of blockchain technology.
Read the Paper.

Nervos is a layered crypto-economy network that separates the infrastructure of a crypto-economy into two layers:
a verification layer (Layer 1) and a generation layer (Layer 2) for high-performance transactions and privacy protection.
Find out more about how these layers operate in this overview of the Nervos Common Knowledge Base.
Read the Paper.

COMMON KNOWLEDGE LABS
Nervos CKLabs is designed to provide a resourceful,
engaging and effective support program in order to catalyze early-stage
projects and help build a thriving ecosystem.

Who is the program for?
Engineers that have built an MVP and need help getting their dApp to the next level. You should be familiar with CKB and be building an application that
people can use today.
We welcome both new and existing projects that want to port over to CKB.

What will it get you?
A successful inductee into CKLabs will receive:
Funding: Up to $100k in exchange for tokens and/or equity.
Networking: Warm introductions to our panel of investors.
Support: Four months of dedicated support from the team.
The support will see you receive bi-weekly calls with a program manager as well as monthly calls with a co-founder for big picture stuff.
There will also be access to key people who designed the Nervos Network and a dedicated discord channel. Finally, your project will also get the marketing and media support when you are ready to launch.

The Grants Program was created to empower innovation and development, and to support the growth of a diverse and thriving ecosystem.

COMMON VISION,
COMMON GOALS,
COMMON KNOWLEDGE
Our long term vision for Nervos is to be fully decentralized in all aspects
and community-led. Part of our journey to achieving this is bootstrapping and empowering individuals, projects and teams who share a common vision
for the project.
If you share our vision and have the experience and skills to deliver on any project within the scope of a grant category currently open – we invite
you to apply.

What is the application process?
The grant application process consists of 3 rounds.
1) A grant proposal abstract needs to be posted to Nervos Talk Forum for
initial approval of the concept and team.
2) A detailed technical specification posted into the same thread below the abstract
3) A final Q&A Discussion with the review council.

GRANT CATAGORIES
The scope of the grants program will be broad and across all aspects of ecosystem building to allow anyone around the world the potential to join the community and help grow the Nervos Ecosystem.
Initial grants open for application focus on infrastructure building and developing the foundation for which the network and ecosystem can grow.
Each grant category has a scope of work for that specific category to give guidance and recommendations for potential applicants.
For information on open grant categories and scope of work within each category, please head over to the Nervos Talk thread.