I would argue it's a little different. Interest rates are used to combat inflation but the interest rate falls normally come after we've entered in to a recession and are used to combat it, they then start to increase when we are coming out of it, that's all to say that the interest rate changes tend to come after the event instead of before. And monetary policy is the movement of interest rates so I'm not sure what you mean by the last part.
A stage cannot be bypassed, the economy will always go boom and bust. We are not at the top of the economy as of now. As I said before, the interest rate increases should act as a signal that things are improving greatly but it will be a while yet before they turn around. It also mostly depends on how things react to the changes, if spending and thus inflation cannot be limited with the interest rate increases it will only lead to more interest rate increases until it becomes too much and that's when we'll be entering recession.
I like to think of managing the economy and monetary policy similarly to running a bath. You have to find the right balance between hot and cold but the best way to do this is not to pump a lot of hot water then be forced in to large reactions and pumping a lot of cold water, it's best to pump the right temperature and slowly let the overall temperature of the water adjust to that. Likewise there shouldn't be large changes to monetary policy to try and instantly move to an ideal inflation it should be incremental changes allowing things to adjust slowly and smoothly.