But I am surprised by its complete absence from the Syrian scene. Is it because its intelligence could not discover what would happen in time? Or because it is participating in the plan to change the regime in Syria, in response to the Russian position?
A couple of years ago in an act of desperation, Bashar al-Assad started trying to "normalize" relations with the Arab dictators who have been occupying his country and supporting various terrorist organizations that waged the dirty war in Syria in previous years.
Those Arab dictators (specifically the Saudis and the Emiratis) took that opportunity to fool him. They promised him investment which would have saved the Syrian destroyed economy if it actually happened. But they had demands like shutting down the Yemeni embassy,
to distance Syria from Iran (the same Iran that fought their terrorists and defeated them). And their worst demand was to allow them to open up "religious schools" in Syria. These are known places where they spread their Salafi/Takfiri ideology that creates the radical terrorists we see as members of ISIS/al-Qaeda and in the al-Golani army of terrorists that now control Syria.
Assad, not having any other choice, accepted their demands but Syria never saw a dime.Iran's intelligence community had already warned him many times about the dangers of what he was doing over the past years. He was warned about the terrorist build up in Idlib. You didn't even have to be an intelligence officer to see that last part!
He ignored those warnings because (in my opinion) he had no choice and was hoping for some economic relief for his country. And the promises looked appealing even though they were empty promises.
Some of these warnings are behind closed doors and we are just hearing about them. But many were made publicly and the news came out at the time. For instance the most significant example is from more than 6 months ago on Thursday, May 30, 2024 when Assad came to Iran to participate in the funeral of the Iranian president, he met with the leader of Iran and he was warned directly then.
https://farsi.khamenei.ir/news-content?id=56576 (4th paragraph is clear: "promises they'll never fulfill").
For many years Iran told him to sit with the opposition (not the terrorists) and let them participate in the governance and most importantly warned him of the corruption in the ranks. But he never listened and we saw how for example his generals were betraying Syria by disobeying the orders coming from the capital and issuing retreat orders so that the terrorists would take over more and more cities without any resistance.
Otherwise as Iranian foreign minster said at the time
https://fa.alalam.ir/news/7090943/ Iran was ready to deploy troops and crush the al-Qaeda terrorists which would have been the easiest thing to do ONLY if officially asked and ONLY if Syrian military actually stood and fought.
Nobody can save people who don't want to be saved.
As for Russia, they were brought in by Iran only to create a balance so that a nuclear power (Russia) provides air-support to counter another nuclear power (US) that was providing air-support for ISIS at the time.
Russians only came in to have one foot in the Mediterranean sea (The two ports they haven't evacuated yet). They don't care about much else.