1. We don't have them in our country but a family member once traveled and I gave him some bitcoin to withdraw them for me, the experience was very good.
2. You should find every ATM here:
https://coinatmradar.com/ and this include the fees, the rating from users If they left any, the working hours and the addresses as well.
3. I find the phone a more convenient way since you will receive a confirmation for SMS and I already have my wallet on it. If you are buying bitcoins then the ATM will have a camera and they will ask you to put the QRcode in front of it so you just put your laptop and you are good. If you are selling then again, you can use the camera on your laptop to scan the QR code generated by the ATM and send them.
4. A lot of services like Coinbase, Kraken etc. allow doing that, I have never tried it myself but the fees are definitely not cheap when a third party service is involved, I suggest checking their site and compare them with the ATMs you want to use.