My major concerns are what happens in case of inflation bug 2010 or 2018 happened and not so benevolent dev found it and used it selfish and rogue?
You are comparing apples and oranges and also forgetting that bitcoin is decentralized.
2010 bug was in early days of bitcoin with a very small network and there was a bug in the implementation that was fixed quickly.
2018 bug couldn't even affect bitcoin like 2010 (apples and oranges) since it only affected some versions of one of the implementations of bitcoin. Assuming someone exploited the said bug they would be on an altcoin chain that the rest of the network (other versions of bitcoin core not affected by it and also other full node implementations) would have rejected them easily.
Let's say it's not just 1 dev maybe nation-state rogue devs or black op black hat hackers
It already happened, they created a shitcoin called bcash and bitcoin continued as it were.
what do you think about bitcoin running without the internet via satellite, is their Blockstream node a form of centralization and how can Bitcoin be safe during times of nuclear war or apocalyptic scenarios like what use case does it have for interplanetary or post havoc monetary energy transfers?
You should worry about how you are going to survive and not starve to death in case of an apocalypse when food is scarce instead of worrying about what would happen to bitcoin!
This article seems to be ignoring the fact that in the decentralized P2P network that is bitcoin, any node is free to connect to any other node they want and connects to multiple nodes and also they punish misbehaving nodes (that would perform the attacks outlined in this article) preventing them from harming their experience.
Although I have to say I don't claim to fully understand the whole article.