Background- timeline:
In the wave of "Arab spring". Protest starts in Saudi Arabia as well during 2011-12. When one person self-immolation in Samtah, South Western Saudi Arabia. followed by multiple protests against Human rights- Anti Shia discrimination.
Some protests took place in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia (Qatif, al-awamiyah, Hofuf), one of the demonstrations led by 10-year-old boy Murtaja Qureiris demanding rights for Shia minority, he was not an organizer or brain behind the protest of course. 3 years later, at the age of 13 he was arrested by Saudi authorities when he was traveling with his family to Bahrain.
Charges :
Qureiris was 10 years old when he committed at least one of those alleged crimes in his charge sheet, CNN has learned. He was charged with accompanying his activist brother, Ali Qureris, on a motorcycle ride to a police station in the eastern Saudi city of Awamiya, where Ali allegedly threw Molotov cocktails at the facility.
The age of criminal responsibility in Saudi Arabia is unclear, but in 2006 the kingdom told the Committee on the Rights of the Child that it had raised it to 12, according to Human Rights Watch.
Saudi Arabia has also previously told the United Nations that it does not impose the death penalty on prisoners convicted of crimes before the age of criminal responsibility.
Qureiris is currently being tried at a terror court, where the prosecution has accused him of belonging to “an extremist terror group.” He faces other charges ranging from violence allegedly committed during protests – including helping to construct Molotov cocktails — to shooting at security forces and marching at his brother’s 2011 funeral.
https://edition.cnn.com/interactive/2019/06/middleeast/saudi-teen-death-penalty-intl/
Edit :1
"Saudi Arabia: Authorities must not resort to use of death penalty against protester arrested aged 13" The use of the death penalty for offences committed by people below 18 years of age is strictly prohibited by international law.
Mainly populated by Saudi Arabia’s Shi’a minority, the Eastern Province saw waves of protests in the aftermath of the 2011 Arab uprisings which the authorities have cracked down over the years, including through prosecutions.
The charges against him include participating in anti-government protests, attending the funeral of his brother Ali Qureiris who was killed in a protest in 2011, joining a “terrorist organization,” throwing Molotov cocktails at a police station, and firing at security forces. He is currently awaiting his next trial session.
“The Saudi Arabian authorities have a chilling track record of using the death penalty as a weapon to crush political dissent and punish anti-government protesters -including children- from the country’s persecuted Shi’a minority,” said Lynn Maalouf.
First Boy and now Woman, don't know what's next.
"Saudi Arabia Seeks Execution Of Female Human Rights Activist"Saudi Arabia’s public prosecutor is asking for the death penalty for Israa al-Ghumgham, a female human rights activist. This is the first time a female campaigner may face execution in the country. She along with her husband are among the five human rights activists facing execution for their peaceful protests, Human Rights Watch reports.
Israa al-Ghumgham along with her husband Moussa al-Hashem was arrested in 2015 and has been in jail ever since without any access to proper legal help. Both of them are waiting to be tried in Saudi Arabia’s terrorism tribunal
Edit 3 : 25 June 2019 Very positive news in this case!!Source 1: Saudis say Murtaja will not be executedA young man from Saudi Arabia's minority Shi'ite Muslim community who was arrested at the age of 13 will not be executed and could be released by 2022, a Saudi official told Reuters on Saturday following reports of his pending execution.
Murtaja Qureiris, who was detained in September 2014, has received an initial 12-year prison sentence with time served since his arrest and four years suspended for his young age, according to the official, who spoke on the condition of anonymity. The sentence is subject to appeal.
"He will not be executed," the official added.
Source 2 :Saudis say Shia teenager will not be executed: Report