You wouldn't want to. There have been changes that would tend to give your transactions lower priority. In particular, large transactions will take a long time to be accepted because the allowed size for free transactions has been decreased significantly and now network nodes won't relay transactions that they feel have too-low fees.
It's an easy change to make in the source, though:
if (!pcoin->IsFinal() || pcoin->fSpent)
return (SelectCoinsMinConf(nTargetValue, 1, 6, setCoinsRet) ||
SelectCoinsMinConf(nTargetValue, 1, 1, setCoinsRet) ||
SelectCoinsMinConf(nTargetValue, 0, 1, setCoinsRet))||
SelectCoinsMinConf(nTargetValue, 0, 0, setCoinsRet));
Transactions using coins with few confirmations have a low priority for generators. Make sure you keep lots of wallet backups if you do this -- you might end up having to double-spend your own invalid transaction.
You can change the behavior, as above. That change will prioritize as you described.
Right. That's the only way to do it right now -- I've not heard of any major miners accepting sub-cent transactions.
No.