no you don't have to enter password to see your balance.
but make sure you are connected to the internet, your Electrum is not being blocked by your firewall, and make sure you are fully synced with the network.
in order to check the last one click on the circle at the bottom right corner of your wallet window to open the Network and see if it shows this number (currently 496633). there is a known issue that the first time you sync, Electrum does not show any balances until you sync (download about 40 MB data = blockchain headers and your transaction details)