I'm not sure why you are having problems. I have a node under Windows 10, and one under Ubuntu. When I started the Ubuntu one, I copied the blockchain and wallet data from the Windows machine onto an external SSD ( the Netbook doesn't have a large enough drive internally ), and I downloaded and installed the core software. When I started it for the first time, it asked me for the directory to use. I pointed it at the SSD, and it picked it up happily, and it sync'd a few recent blocks, and reported everything as fine. It really was pretty painless, but that was a while ago.
In theory, everything was as it should be, but I ran into problems that I can’t determine, so I tried to find out if I correctly understand the theoretical capabilities of the Bitcoin wallet. In theory, I'm right, let's see what practice shows. Really thanks to everyone who participated in the discussion, your thoughts are very valuable to me. I’ll talk about the results a bit later.