- Banking
The access to financial services, have converted into one of the main goals of multilateral organizations as the World Bank, supporting the idea that the banking is the key to fight poverty and promote prosperity. In the report Global Findex 2014 it is evidenced an increase of the banking percentage of adults (older than 15 years of age).
The banking rate has been increased 8 points in three years, representing almost 3 points of growth per year. The rate on 2014 was located in 62%, representing almost 3 thousand millions of persons, nevertheless there are still 2 thousand millions of personas (approximately) that do not have access to a bank account.
If we take the trend of growth observed in this period, and we project the year 2017, Latin America would have a banking near 60%, the Middle East and Asia 35%, Pacific Asia 70%, Europe 80% and North America reaching the goal of 100%.
- Use of Cards as a payment method.
Despite the advances that have been reached in the banking of the population, the use of the instruments offered by the banking to make and receive payments is much less. According to the data from the world bank (2014), only 28.34% of the transactions were performed with cards (debit and credit). The countries with use superior to 90% are: United Kingdom, Sweden, Norway, Holland, France and Denmark.
In Latin America, by 2015, the number of de transactions performed with cards are 16 thousand millions (78% in relation to other payment methods). It is estimated that the rate of growth have accelerated in the last years, and from 2014 the average annual growth is of 8%. Regarding the amount under transaction, this represents only 5%, with average annual growth of 5%, according to the report of Tecnocom (2016). On the other hand, in Singapur the 61% of the operations of consumption are made with cards or online resources, the greatest of the world.
Considering the above, it is evidenced that the cash still has great presence in the basic payment transactions. The 85% of the commercial transactions in the world are made in cash. In the regions of Latin America, Africa, East Europe and zones of the Asia Pacific, represent more than the 90% of the payments. Certainly, the cash will always be a payment method needed in every economy, but to lower its participation it is a great challenge for the modern world.
- E-commerce
The use of the electronic commerce at world level has increased since 2014. For the year 2017, it is estimated that around the 22% of the world population has made electronic purchases at least once and half of this subgroup makes transactions with intelligent phones. The countries with a greatest percentage of population making use of this payment form are: United Kingdom, South Korea, Germany, Japan and United States. The rate of growth of users oscillates between 60% and 150% per year, according to the report of Hootsuite (Digital In 2017 Global Overview). Regarding the amounts under transaction, the UNCTAD affirms that in 2015 this payment method made transactions for
25 billions of dollars.
In order to perform this type of transactions it is essential the access to internet and/or the use of Smartphone, since most of the payment forms are made through applications.
- Estimation of Potencial Users
The potential users of the application to be developed in this project might be defined on 50% of the world population, because this group has access to internet and have Smartphone; from those, 44% will be familiar with electronic payments, considering that 22% of the world population has used this media. Now, based on the rates of growth of the payment methods analyzed, it is estimated that for this project, the growth of the users is located around 60% per year, similar to the lowest scenario of the electronic payment method.
II. Advertising Income
One of the proposals of this project has to do with the scheme of distribution of the income from the sale of advertising, based on a
“win-win”, where all the representatives from each segment of the market obtain benefits from the sale of advertisings.
The catcher of the advertisement obtains the 55% of the sale, the rest (45%) is distributed between the different representatives of localities.
Regardign the income from advertising, it is estimated that during the first year of operativity of the application it is achieved a percentage of the advertisers that on 2017 have the main applications of the world (near
2 million advertisers per month). In relatio to cost, it has been taken a portion of the minimum charged by day the main social networks and applications (1 $).
According to such premises, were prepared scenarios to estimate the income from advertisement and their distribution. Three scenarios have been established: under (1%), middle (2%) and high (5%), in relation to the market quota with the one it is estimated to start.
The representatives of the communities might obtain annual income for the sale of advertisement between $11.000 and $280.000, according to the scenarios stated and the scheme of distribution of benefits applied.
Such estimations correspond to the first year of operation. For the following, it is established an annual rate of growth near 100% (the tow following periods); then, stable rates of growth 50%.
III. Cost of financial transactions
The majority of the payment methods charge commissions for the transactions performed, in some cases it is applied a percentage of the amount under transaction, others establish a fixed rate, but also exist those that charge both modalities in the same operation. In that sense, the competence between the different payment methods is in relation to the cost of such commissions.
In the electronic commerce, the commissions often result higher, for the need to have a “runway of payments”, the maximum rate is of 3.4% over the value of the transaction (PayPal). The most economic payment method might be the credit cards. The cryptocurrencies have achieved to gain terrain as payment method for the low cost of their commissions (at times without cost), not associated to the amount of the transaction, but there are still no well defined policies; nevertheless, present an important disadvantage regarding the time of execution of the transaction, that could last up to 10 minutes under execution, being this an important limitation for business with high levels of transactionality.
The project presented proposes a cost of commission highly competitive, oscillating between 0.1% and 0.8%, depending of the economic sector and the flow of transactions of each seller. This proposal is highly competitive, if we compare it with electronic payment methods, of cards and/or cryptocurrencies. In this last one it is more evident, since it is common to find cases where the payment of the commission is similar to the sales being performed (cost of article 30$ and cost of commission 20$), generating losses for the seller.
Banking Vs. mobile Internet
The figures of banking at global level, demonstrating that still a great percentage of the population are excluded from the banking system, either for costs or accessibility.
Distribution of the Global audience/ Asia-Pacific and Europe are the regions with greatest online audience
This proven situation with the number of average users of mobile phone, demonstrates that any solution of exchange of goods and services based on mobile applications, permits to permeate with greater ease to the layers of greater global segregation, of the same way, will make more accessible the acquisition of goods and global services to all and each one of the members of the network, with international offers of goods and services.
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