I have no technical knowledge of how bitcoin addresses are forms, but then, several a times, I've also come across some address that seem or are actually longer than others, but the fact is, whether or short address, they work as Bitcoin address and that's what's most important.
And by the way, I was doing a little research on your question, and I came across an article on cointelegraph with this paragraph quoted below..
Bitcoin addresses are derived from public keys via encoding and hashing. Because they enable the creation of digital signatures in Bitcoin transactions, public keys — which are derived from private keys — are essential. These signatures allow transactions on the blockchain and verify who owns the funds.
A vital component of Bitcoin’s operation, hash functions are used to construct fixed-length, shorter representations of data, including public keys. These hash algorithms ensure that Bitcoin addresses are compact and standardized, which makes data storage and transfer on the blockchain network more effective.
You can see the part I highlighted with a bold text, maybe that answers your question.
And you can read the whole article
HERE, If you are interested in knowing more about bitcoin addresses and their types, there is alot you can learn from the article.
