Yes they can. Due to that difficulty is updated every 2106 blocks (14 days approximately) , this means that if the hashrate increase before the next difficulty adjustment then the number of blocks found will be higher than expected and difficulty readjustment will be faster than 14 days
You should take into account that it is 10 minutes/block which means that it is 6 blocks for 1 hour and approximately
144 blocks / day .
144 blocks x 365 = 52560
Halvings occur every 210,000 blocks or merely 4 years (rough count) so :
52650 x 4 = 210,240 blocks approximately 4 years as per calculations
This is an old excel from reddit that pinpoint few difficulty readjustment and the data was taken from last halving until June, 18 2014. Data shows that we are already 103 days earlier than expected
P.S : couldnt find the newest data regarding this, will be glad if there is someone who can share about this