But most of these small towns get more money out of this system than they pay in. If a small town only had it's local taxes, and not a bit from everywhere else, they would have to drastically cut services.
I've to disagree: small town can "federate" to cut the costs of services. For example trash can be collected in different days so that a single truck can serve up to 4-5 towns, some city offices can work for all the towns in a single place cutting again the costs and so on. And if a town is well administrate can do on itself (I know some that actually do with virtually no help from outside) because inefficiency and "shadow costs" are easiest do discover in a small organization.