"Bio-cosmism is the forerunner of modern scientific immortalism
The understanding that the elimination of death can be achieved by the means of the science of the future began to take shape at the end of the seventeenth century. (Gruman, 1966). At the same time, the basic approaches to achieving physical immortality began to take shape: anti-aging, suspended animation and resurrection. However, the prerequisites for the synthesis of disparate ideas into an integral philosophical system were formed only at the beginning of the 20th century, when, firstly, the level and trends of science allowed to assume the possibility of achieving physical immortality in the relatively near future and put on the agenda the issue of conducting large-scale research for achieving this goal, and, secondly, as a result of the rapid development of the social sciences and the revolutionary movement within anarchism, an understanding of the key role of freedom was formed, as the basis of development of an optimal, stable and progressively developing society consisting of people with a high level of development of consciousness and, as a result, morality, of people whose behavior is mainly controlled by consciousness, and not by biosocial instincts. In other words, anarchists were aware of the connection between consciousness, freedom, physical immortality and socio-technological progress, they had an understanding of how to change the world, society, to bring the realization of physical immortality, and also how it can (and probably should) change society when people become immortal.
These prerequisites were realized in Russia in 1910–20, when the philosophy of biocosmism was formed, which, by all indications, is the prototype of modern scientific immortalism (Vishev, 1993, 1996), and the biocosmists themselves are considered the most radical cosmists (Semenova, 1993).
I would like to note that its appearance in Russia was far from accidental. First, at the beginning of the 20th century. ideas of physical immortality, achievable through scientific progress, were fairly widespread in Russia, perhaps more than in any other country in the world at that time. Their popularity was largely due to the fact that our compatriots played a leading role in their development and propaganda: N. F. Fedorov (argued the possibility and necessity of resurrection of all the deceased ancestors by their descendants), I. I. Mechnikov (justified the possibility of developing anti-aging methods, was one of the founders of gerontology), P. I. Bakhmetiev (one of the first to investigate the possibility of using anabiosis to prolong life). Secondly, the revolution of 1917 made enormous changes in public consciousness, the spirit of revolutionary transformations, the acceleration of progress caused an increased interest among people in the future, including ideas not only for the transformation of society, but also of man, and the key point of this transformation was the elimination his mortality - an idea that was widely discussed in the 20s. Thirdly, it was in Russia at that time that anarchism was most developed thanks to the activities of M. A. Bakunin, P. A. Kropotkin and other lesser-known Russian anarchists. "From
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Like this! In the early 20th century, Fedorov argued the possibility and necessity of the resurrection of all the deceased ancestors by their descendants.