The network would be much smaller, the block subsidy is all that is increasing the size of the network.
the network would get bigger of course but the financial incentive would not be there to get started so quickly.
starting out a coin without the miners and having only transaction fees is possible, but the adoption rate. if we ignore that and build it...
we can build a encryption based ledger with a list of preset coins, each coin would be logged with it's key on the ledger and each created coin would be added as needed, it would not be fungible though, but secure, the fee would not be necessary. it could function as straight cash... but that introduces problems; how do you verify the veracity of your ledger to others? A verification server would have to be setup to maintain the integrity of all copies... fees.
the servers would essentially work as cloudbanks, monitoring and maintaining all the ledgers in circulation. the fees would be based on the amount of transactions being processed... too many and the operator is losing money, fees increase, but how would you even know what their operating costs are or if they are even telling you the truth?
that is uncertainty, 1BTC would be worth very little without that consensus. I can't tell you how much but the price would be much lower at this point and completely up to the central cloudbank to determine by them increasing the amount of coins in circulation. ie they update the ledger with absolute control, distributed control could be provided, but it would be up to the cloudbank to determine what is right and wrong, who has valid coins and who doesn't and then we get into the distribution problem... which is too hard for me to think of... I haven't even had coffee yet.