I am having trouble getting a good handle on all of this. There are so many options.
I would like to securely hold my bitcoins and control my own private keys but preferably without having to run a full node. The "pruning feature" certainly helps but it takes so long to update if the client hasn't been run in a while.
Paper wallets (or strongly encrypted paper wallets in a file) seem like the best option to me, however if I want to then trade some of those coins quickly, how do I do it? What types of wallets allow you to quickly and easily import a paper wallet?
What about a bitcoin core wallet - can it be quickly and easily imported into anything besides a core client?
I am vaguely aware of hardware wallets but don't really understand how they work. Which ones are favored and why? How does anyone know what is going on inside the hardware and that it hasn't been tampered with or contains some back door or security flaw in the firmware?
Lastly, I know there are a lot of light / "SPV" wallets and I know that people say they "aren't as secure", but I don't really understand what the risks are and what makes SPV wallets less secure. Can anyone explain?
Lastly, I want to also invest in a bunch of alt coins but it seems like this whole problem repeats itself with every crypto currency. The best option is often the reference client but it has huge resource requirements and takes forever to update. I suppose some of the hardware wallets support multiple currencies? Is there any other multi currency solution besides some of the hardware wallets? Obviously leaving them on an exchange is a ad idea but if you have a bunch of different currencies it seems like it rapidly becomes impractical to run all the core clients.
Thanks.
A full validating node is the only way to be 100% sure that you are not being tricked. Sure, it sucks having to store the entire blockchain, but I have no problems running the full node and my computer is pretty old. Just leave it running, and once it fully syncs, all you need to do is to open it everyday. You can open it while you take a shower or go out for a walk or something. When you come back it will be synced. It's not that hard to maintain a full node thanks to the conservative block size approach of Core, to the contrary of what govt agents (big blocker) want.
If you don't want to deal with that, then Electrum is the only alternative. You still control the private keys, but you are trusting someone else to do the validation. It's definitely better than hardware wallets.
Paper wallets are only useful if you expect to not do regular transactions and only hold long term in a single address.