In Bitcoin's case, the price is seldom affected by real usage at all, and even less so with other cryptocurrencies. It's more a mixture of potential usage and the money that people are willing to store in it as an asset/speculative investment.
Bingo, you nailed it. OP, by 'speculation', do you mean rumors and media coverage stuff? If that's the case, then hell yes, those sorts of things do affect the price. Especially with the altcoins. People create pump threads here, and you can just watch the price rise or fall in response. Not so much with bitcoin, but it does happen in that market as well. I have a feeling this huge jump in bitcoin and altcoins has something to do with mainstream media coverage. Money is flowing into the market, and we're seeing the result of that. That's the real "speculation". And we're due for a correction, and I suspect a huge one at that.
In all honesty, after 3 years of being with bitcoin and studying the market, I don't really think that 'usage' really affects the price at all, but new money flowing in bitcoin? Yes, it does affect the price. In fact, how many giant websites do you think are pro-bitcoin and encourages their customer to use he currency? Only a few and most are gambling sites. Usage-wise, bitcoin loses to fiat; people use it more as an investment rather than a currency. Also, these large movements are orchestrated by the 1% who holds most of the coins. Also, remember Willy? He played the first ATH so well, and after that ATH, the market was left into stagnation and it grew naturally until another 'intervention' happened.