The key question here is, why is Pavel getting prosecuted but other networks aren't?
And maybe a secondary question is, what do these other networks do that Telegram didn't do that has gotten them singled out like this?
And why do criminals gravitate toward Telegram and not the others? (Or do they?)
In looking into this, at least initially, I found this explanation of the E2E encryption in Whatsapp, which would explain what Telegram might be holding back from the authorities:
If i know tom is a drug dealer, and i know you spoke to tom, and i know that your phone and tom's phone were near each other for 5 minutes. Even if i dont know that you talked about buying drugs i can infer that you did. Whatsapp tells facebook who, where, when, how long, etc.
So even though Whatsapp and others don't give the authorities the actual content of the discussions, they could cooperating with authorities on all of the metadata, which might keep them satisfied? This is just a theory.
One thing I can say for sure is that the French government is being ridiculous here by making this a
criminal matter. Lots of companies stretch the limits of privacy and governments have all kinds of tools they can use before they jail the CEO. Maybe try talking to them first? Or leveeing a fine? Or banning the service in France? I'm not saying they should do any of these things to Telegram, but that they jumped right away to the most extreme remedy is a bad sign.