The folders you referred to are for the binary installation. The "install" I am talking about is the where on your system the Armory wallet and settings are saved. This is a different folder from the one that holds the binaries.
On Windows, it defaults to:
C:\Users\*username*\AppData\Roaming\Armory
Where *username* is the name you have given to your user account during the Windows install. If this name uses non ASCII characters, Armory will fail to run.
You need to first confirm this is the issue, then set your Armory user folder to an ASCII only path. For that, you need to create a shortcut of ArmoryQt.exe and add "--datadir=*custompath*" in the target box, where *custompath* is whatever folder you choose.
You can search the web for "ASCII table" for the list of acceptable characters for the custom path.