Last question: Is it possible for an insurance company to also own an hospital?
Probably, but there are laws that prevent any hospital from favoring patients due to their insurance company, so an insurance company would have little to gain from owning a hospital itself. These are old laws that were put into place in order to undermine 'mutual benefit associations' from the 1920's and earlier. Such associations were as close to a heath care cooperative as could have existed, and some were powerful enough to hire their own general practitioners; thus running their own practice for the benefit of their membership. Both doctors' associations & insurance companies lobbied governments to 'regulate' such practices on such arguments as "demeaning employment" to the young doctors who took such positions to "anti-competitive" non-profits killing the insurance companies. There is a small resurgence of this kind of thing today under a different legal description, concierge medical practices, but they are developed by the doctors themselves, not a non-profit cooperative. The end results are similar, though. On such practice association is SimpleCare. (http://simplecare.com/index2.asp) They all claim to only be 'cash only' practices, but most of them have an 'annual membership fee' that is somewhere between $200 and $3000 dollars, depending upon all that it includes and the repuation of the doctor. At the high end of that range, you often end up with your new doctors actual cell phone number, and an agreement that he will respond to at least a minimum number of emergency calls per year.