I sent a btc transfer to my exchanger after I received this transaction, and even though the incoming transaction has long been confirmed, my transfer to the exchanger is still pending with 0 confirmations for about 13 hours now.
Are you talking about the 0.034 BTC sent to 1MqkJQhBYuf48yGinwfeD7aKNBhbm5EAbM in this transaction?
f3b05bd4c4df08c4f64ac6a0d945ccb2bec4a494d16a7981325e451b81d7d08b
If so, then it just confirmed now. Your wallet only included a fee of 120 satoshis per byte when it built and broadcast the transaction.
According to this website: https://bitcoinfees.21.co/
the recommended fee for fast confirmation is 180 satoshis per byte.
That's why you had to wait. You needed to wait for a charitable solo miner or mining pool to include your cheaper transaction instead of a higher paying one that would increase their profits. It looks like Antpool was nice enough to do that for you.
What wallet did you use to send the transaction? Did you adjust the fee for fast confirmation when you sent it?