Now's the time to seek venture cap.
This is more than possible....
I became suddenly optimistic but failed to correctly interpret the units kb, kB, Mb, MB, byte, bit...etc to draw exact conclusions (sorry,
my background is RF and physics - not all that used to base 2)
I noticed you ended up with basically a chart of theoretical throughput vs. bandwidth vs. power, but this is really only applicable to very high frequencies (UHF and above) in a clear line-of-sight environment with no interference, atmospheric propogation phenomenon, with the carrier far above the noise floor on the receiving end, and even then it's a chart of the theoretical upper bound under absolute ideal conditions, not a real-world achievable figure. I think a lot of the conversation so far as been focused on long-range communications in the HF realm using ionospheric propogation rather than direct line-of-sight or ground-wave propogation (as the discussion seems to be more about a small number of transmitters transmitting blocks to many end-users), which is an area that high-speed data communications is significantly hampered and will never approach the peak theoretical throughput.
2) FCC will gut you. The FCC regulates the air wave usage, they will only allow you to transmit more than a few watts on specific commercial bands. Beyond that you will need a ham license, which doesn't allow any encryption to be transmitted. Beyond that you will require a commercial license, $$$.
But theres no actual encryption in the bitcoin network. All data over the network is readable by anyone, signing != encrypting.
I'm going to agree that what's in the blockchain doesn't qualify as encryption under the ITU rules (we need to be thinking more globally, not just in FCC territory in the US). However, the rules that are going to prevent this from happening in the ham bands in ITU countries are that transmissions can't be for commerce (and I'm going to say that a virtual currency definitely falls into this category), and broadcasting is prohibited. Propogation beacons and APRS maybe stretch the broadcast rule slightly. Additionally, there are maximum bandwidths allowed in most of the ham bands under the ITU rules, and that's going to limit throughput particularly in the HF realm.
I'll add in some additional challenges to the list, this would be extremely easy for anyone to jam, and equally easy for anyone to find the location of the transmitter(s). Many hams make a game of tracking down anything they don't like or they perceive as causing interference in their limited slices of spectrum! Or, read up on the history of the soviet OTH-B radar ("Russian woodpecker") and all the hijinx of hams jamming and spoofing the signals to screw with it.