Air is not a "good", because it is not scarce. Land is.
You get ownership of land in the same way you get ownership of any other scarce good:
By original appropriation - being the first one to recognize it as a scarce good and mixing it with your hands`labor, i.e. going to antarctica and building fields or dwellings there.
By your own hands` labor (works rarely with land, except for maybe building an artificial island or so).
Or, the most common way, by voluntary transactions with other people.
How do you justify treating land any different than other property? It is not, it has a stock, a demand, and a price like any other.
Property is not distributed equally because people are different, some have high skills, work hard etc.. and some don`t.
If you would redistribute goods absolutely equal among all humans now (which you`d have to do with force, which makes it unethical from the beginning), the next second the distribution would not be equal anymore - because people are not equal.
Trying to treat them otherwise leads to the kind of violence we see all around us today.
Land taxes of any kind would be a violent crime, as are any other taxes or forceful redistribution of goods.
Air is scarce too. There is more water (maybe even freshwater) on earth than air. The mexican war stole most land in California from Mexico. Most land was originally stolen from the Indians.
"Property is not distributed equally because people are different, some have high skills, work hard etc.. and some don`t." Much of the farmland in the United States is leased to farmers. The farmers that lease land are the most productive in the country, they are doing the hard work on land they don't even own. Every plot of land could be leased. The cities understand this that is why in some areas the property tax is so high.
"If you would redistribute goods absolutely equal among all humans now (which you`d have to do with force, which makes it unethical from the beginning), the next second the distribution would not be equal anymore - because people are not equal" No goods would be redistributed, you have the right to your labor on the land you rent. You are allowed to keep every kernel of corn you grow.
The average acre of land in Iowa is leased land were $252 in 2012. If all land was owned by the people the hard working farmer could lease the same land for far less than $252 an acre. There would be more supply. the worker gets more benefits.
Using the average land rent system, imho would not be a violent crime. In fact the opposite, it is the only system that is fair to the workers and labor. It does not redistribute goods. There are 300,000,000 million citizens in the country, you are allowed to use your fair share of land, if you use more you can expect to pay a fee to compensate the other people that a force by violence to use less.