Bitcoin's design is miner control based. Miner consensus.
No. Bitcoin has three power groups:
- Miners (consensus regarding valid transactions)
- Users (economic power)
- Developers (protocol development)
Very simple model:
Miners have the control over the blockchain. But they can't include only the transactions they want in their blocks, because then their mined coins would not be worth anything. Users can refuse to relay blocks from miners if they misbehave, but if they exaggerate then they risk a network split.
Users can't double spend because miners would not include their transactions in their network.
Developers have the control over the protocol. But they cannot do any protocol change they want, because if miners or users don't like them, they can use another client.
Practical example: If BTU forks off and the majority of the economic power stays with Core, then BTU's coins will be worth much less and miners have lost this gambling round. They can then join Core again, but will have lost a lot of money.
PS: It's funny - in other threads I'm attacked by Core maximalists, and here by a BU maximalist
Intermediate positions seem to be the most difficult to sustain in a polarized ecosystem.