Every node in a decentralized system has a copy of the blockchain. Data quality is maintained by massive database replication and computational trust. No centralized "official" copy exists and no user is "trusted" more than any other. Transactions are broadcast to the network using software. Messages are delivered on a best effort basis. Mining nodes validate transactions, add them to the block they’re creating, and then broadcast the completed block to other nodes. Blockchains use various time-stamping schemes, such as proof-of-work to serialize changes
Basically, you start claiming one thing (that the blockchain technology could actually help banks) and then proceed to something very different, which is inconsequential to the matter in question
you're not understanding what blockchain is.
imagine it like the difference between
DBMS - database management systems
RDBMS - relationship management systems
even your quote is saying the opposite of what your thinking.
Every node in a decentralized system has a copy of the blockchain
not
Every node in a decentralized system needs a copy of the data, to then be classed a blockchain
in short a blockchain can work on one system. a blockchain can be edited by having multisig instead of hashes. which the owners of the keypairs have full access to.
a blockchain has no big built in technology requirements to be deemed a blockchain. it just needs something(literally anything) that links one lump of data to another lump of data.
that is all..
once you realise that the quote you pulled up is trying to specifically talk about bitcoins blockchain by talking about transactions, proof of work(mining) and decentralization.. rather than the fundamentals of a blockchain. you will realise that blockchain alone is not big of a deal. but what can be done once you add on the other options could make it a big deal.
emphasis: options added ontop.
now as for HOW the banks will use that simple mechanism.. well there are a million ways it can use it.
options outside of the term blockchain, but easily programmable in to increase security of a blockchain
it could go PoA, PoS, PoW, PoL, PoT
it could use SHA, ripemd, md6, (list goes on) or a combination
it could be central to one location, or distributed to regional hubs, distributed to local bank branches.
it could be split up. where local locations only holds one block of data per location and the region just holds the headers of all locations
it could be split up. where central location holds all data, and the region only holds the headers of all blocks
it could be split up. where specific location only holds the headers of all blocks and the region holds all data
all options are open
now all the stuff above is just protecting the outer shell (the blocks)
as for the data inside
the data can be anything. doesnt need to be financial (eg ID, medical records, inventory, even a phonebook/yellowpages)
the data can be locked with hashes, or signatures or timestamps, or any other method.
the data can be stored/checked as anything, hex, json, ascii, xml or anything
again a blockchain is not a big deal alone. but opens up the possibility to what can be done
the blocks and data within blocks can be secured not by requiring storing the whole data on every secure system. but just storing the link between the block securely
eg
"data123data123data123data123"-linkabc-"data456data456data456data456"-linkdef-"data789data789data789data789"-linkghi
you dont need to store all of the line above. you can as an option ontop. have the main 'checking' mechanism just stores
linkabc-linkdef-linkghi
and program it so that the system should reject a block unless its 'header' (link) is recognised.
now again how the banks will use blockchain. is another question that cannot be answered. because blockchain is just a small tools that allows MANY things top be built ontop of it and inside it... that traditionally were not being done
blockchain is not the end solution with built in security. its just a new tool that expands what the old database models limits were. and allows freedom to build layers ontop and new ways of storing/distributing/validating/editing/securing.
think of it as changing from a DBMS to a RDBMS where it opened up new options of use.
blockchain is just the next level up from that. allowing more options of use. but alone is not a big deal