Currently, all major currencies issued by the government have natural inflation of about 2%.
My question is, would an economy with a deflation based currency such as Bitcoin work?
A deflation based currency like bitcoin would be superior in terms of promoting long term economic stability and value. The main reason fiat currencies are heavily promoted involves the vast majority of financial markets focusing on short term profit to the exclusion of long term perspectives. We've seen proposals for publicly traded corporations to shift from 3 month reporting cycles to 6 month terms to encourage a greater emphasis on long game strategy.
Investment banking, hedge funds, HFT trading, derivatives and many modern investment vehicles are built around utilizing short term leverage in an effort to maximize gains. The necessity of short term focus meshes well with inflationary currencies which carry a variable supply. This format of short term investment however clashes and is more difficult to integrate with deflationary currencies like bitcoin, which constitutes the main motivation for negative outlooks regarding them.
Current inflation rates are subject to debate. There has been some effort made to
redefine how inflation is calculated. The official numbers cited linger in the 2% to 3% range. However utilizing older methods of calculating inflation its easy to end up with a number far closer to 10%. Inflation is similar to unemployment in this way, in terms of the number typically cited by the media perhaps not representing the best or most accurate statistic a person would expect when discussing topics like inflation.