As for bitcoin, there's a link for the rich list, but I can't really find any materials for what address has what, etc. Most of them will be pretty unfair though, since exchanges have cold wallets that contain user funds and you can't classify it as their own funds.
While it's impossible to know perfectly the distribution of BTC or other cryptocurrencies, you can draw some conclusions from the "public" distribution (that's visible in rich lists and the stats I linked above).
Exchange dominance is, for example, one problem that's present in many altcoins, not so much in the case of BTC. If a high percentage of the existing supply is concentrated at an exchange, then this isn't looking healthy for two reasons. First, it indicates that the currency is mainly used for speculation purposes. And second, these coins become vulnerable to exchange hacking attacks - if one of their main exchanges is hacked, then a substantial proportion of the balance would get into the attackers' hands, allowing them to dump or even attack the currency (above all if it's a PoS currency).
Coins with a high "exchange dominance" have often a very uneven "public" distribution, and often you can see cold wallets in rich lists, often holding more than 10% of the total supply.
So the conclusion you can draw is: if the "public" distribution is relatively even (like in the case of BTC, compared to other cryptos) then the coin is healthier than if it's concentrated in few hands, even if you don't know if these hands are those of private investors, companies/institutional investors or exchangers' cold wallets.