https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Protocol_specification#tx
...where it explains some fields of the "tx" message thusly:
Code:
1+ tx_in count var_int Number of Transaction inputs
41+ tx_in tx_in[] A list of 1 or more transaction inputs or sources for coins
1+ tx_out count var_int Number of Transaction outputs
8+ tx_out tx_out[] A list of 1 or more transaction outputs or destinations for coins
...and if you then skip forward to "Example tx message", you should find a sample like this:
Code: ("sample tx message")
Message header:
F9 BE B4 D9 - main network magic bytes
74 78 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 - "tx" command
02 01 00 00 - payload is 258 bytes long
E2 93 CD BE - checksum of payload
Transaction:
01 00 00 00 - version
Inputs:
01 - number of transaction inputs
Input 1:
6D BD DB 08 5B 1D 8A F7 51 84 F0 BC 01 FA D5 8D - previous output (outpoint)
12 66 E9 B6 3B 50 88 19 90 E4 B4 0D 6A EE 36 29
00 00 00 00
8B - script is 139 bytes long
48 30 45 02 21 00 F3 58 1E 19 72 AE 8A C7 C7 36 - signature script (scriptSig)
7A 7A 25 3B C1 13 52 23 AD B9 A4 68 BB 3A 59 23
3F 45 BC 57 83 80 02 20 59 AF 01 CA 17 D0 0E 41
83 7A 1D 58 E9 7A A3 1B AE 58 4E DE C2 8D 35 BD
96 92 36 90 91 3B AE 9A 01 41 04 9C 02 BF C9 7E
F2 36 CE 6D 8F E5 D9 40 13 C7 21 E9 15 98 2A CD
2B 12 B6 5D 9B 7D 59 E2 0A 84 20 05 F8 FC 4E 02
53 2E 87 3D 37 B9 6F 09 D6 D4 51 1A DA 8F 14 04
2F 46 61 4A 4C 70 C0 F1 4B EF F5
FF FF FF FF - sequence
Outputs:
02 - 2 Output Transactions
Output 1:
40 4B 4C 00 00 00 00 00 - 0.05 BTC (5000000)
19 - pk_script is 25 bytes long
76 A9 14 1A A0 CD 1C BE A6 E7 45 8A 7A BA D5 12 - pk_script
A9 D9 EA 1A FB 22 5E 88 AC
Output 2:
80 FA E9 C7 00 00 00 00 - 33.54 BTC (3354000000)
19 - pk_script is 25 bytes long
76 A9 14 0E AB 5B EA 43 6A 04 84 CF AB 12 48 5E - pk_script
FD A0 B7 8B 4E CC 52 88 AC
Locktime:
00 00 00 00 - lock time
The commentary about the sample "tx" message speaks of the possibility of multiple "inputs" and multiple "outputs". This is where I got the idea about generated balances existing separately in the block chain (and of joining up multiple small balances, no matter if they were generated or received, being a more "expensive" operation, since it produces longer "tx" messages with really many "inputs", and I read elsewhere that fees are counted per kilobyte).
I'll try to find a simpler explanation of it, though, since I'm not really well aware of the Bitcoin protocol, and could be still misunderstanding this...
...especially with regard to the question of "how is it ensured that no fees are accrued from spending bitcoins earnt with generation fees". The likely explanations so far seem "generation fees all joined into a single output inside the block" and "they are under some pre-defined limit of value, and thus processed free of charge by most, if not all, miners".
