From an economic standpoint, which factors make one cryptocurrency worth more than another?
1) current number of coins
2) maximum number of coins
3) rate of growth in the supply of coins
these three are going to act as some obstacles on the way of success in a cryptocurrency. if you look at the available supply of different cryptocurrencies that have been created none of those which have big available supply are successful.
coins like doge, ripple, ETH, ... can never success because of a simple rule of the market called
"supply and demand"
4) how many people/businesses accept it as a form of payment
5) total number of users
this option is going to have the biggest effect on how much a coin is going to be used and what the final price of it is going to be.
the more people who use it leads to more businesses who accept it which will lead to more users and so on.
6) technical aspects of the protocol
IMO this option is not that important. there needs to be some good coding behind the coin for sure but it is not going to determine the price
7) number of exchanges that allow conversion to other cryptos or fiat currencies
has no effect if you ask me. the effect is in the reverse order. which means the higher the demand to a coin no matter what it is will lead to more places (exchangers and services like shapeshift ,...) adding it to their site.