You are correct that with the mnemonic phrase you can reconstruct all the private keys.
Why have wallet backups?
1) There is more data in a wallet than just private keys (and there will be more in the future). For instance: you can give someone an extended public key and they can put in their contact info they keep on you. Then they can create addresses to send bitcoin to you. Only you and they know the generated addresses are related. It's private, even though it is on the blockchain.
2) We want triple redundancy for the critical wallet info. Namely:
+ Wallet seed
+ Local backup
+ Cloud backup
Each technique may give us '2 or 3' nines of reliability so, in combination, it should be good enough for rolling out to 1,000,000+ users. We don't want a single user losing bitcoin.
Ok, that sounds much better. So I don't need any backup at all to restore all my bitcoins from the mnemonic?
Then, I will prefer to not upload my wallet to a cloud, because I am more afraid of someone breaking into some cloud storage and stealing my coins.
Am I correct that Multibit HD will support my user behavior as follows:
I use Multibit HD on a linux live cd and always backup my wallet file on an external usb drive.
In case of a corrupt usb drive I will still be able to recover my coins using the mnemonic phrase. Of course then I will lose the additional contact infos and labels which I stored in the wallet, but this is only in case my usb stick is corrupted. Correct?
Another question: Can I then export an extended private key, which I can import in some android app to have a small fraction of my coins in a spendable wallet?