The seed is actually the 12-24 word seed that you can only use within the hardware device (trezor etc..) in order for the device to recover your funds. Im not sure that you can use these words to recover wallet somewhere else, most probably not. After recovering funds you can then move those funds to any wallet provider software or hardware.
Technically the 24 words are a
mnemonic phrase, from which the seed is created, which then in turn is used to derive a HD wallet from.
Ledger, Trezor and other hardware wallets did not invent the technology that is used to do that, they apply several BIPs in their devices for that.
To list them, there would be:
BIP39 - The wordlists used for mnemonic phrases and how to derive seeds from them.
BIP32 - The method to build HD wallets from a seed.
BIP44 - Extending BIP32 via defined derivation paths.
As you can see, the full path from mnemonic phrase up to the private key/public key pair is done using open source technologies, meaning any other software and hardware wallet can implement the exactly same method.
Such has been done ample times and there is a long list of alternative ways to get to your keys and thus funds in case you lose your device / it becomes unusable.
A few more points of information:
Both the Ledger and the Trezor do use proprietary software, but not in the process of generating keypairs.
slush and stick are co-authors of BIP39 & BIP44, and the founders of SatoshiLabs, the company selling Trezors. So while they created some of the software used, they have made it available to everyone.