Find your market. That's pretty much step 1. The steps after that is just developing yourself in that market. Varies from person to person how but that's generally how it goes imo. Outside of that, it's just natural growth since making customers means marketing means spreading your business.
As for deeper reasons, it's just the idea of becoming your own boss. It's an idea that's prevalent in a LOT of the younger generations. And it's completely possible as well with how the internet has made it possible to serve services from across the globe.
Due to the fact that almost every niche is highly saturated, and the competition is exceptionally high, waiting and depending on natural growth can barely make you get clients because others are probably going to do more than that in presenting themselves as the right fit for the gigs they are getting.
There are two things that are extremely important in freelancing. The first one is to market yourself and your services to potential clients in a way that they should consider hiring you for the tasks/jobs they have available, and the second one is communication. If they liked how you have presented yourself in visuals and in descriptions, etc., the next thing depends on how you communicate which will decide whether you are getting the client or not.
Those who master these things will only survive for the initial stage, but once they get a hold of everything, they will see things going very well for them, and from that point onwards, it's on them to manage everything properly so that they can grow over time.