Mostly correct, but these problems are solvable.
Flextrans (bunlded in BitcoinClassic) offers an already coded solution to the quadratic hashing. We can also limit the transaction size or number of sigops.
Segwit also offers an already coded, tested, and reviewed (flextrans has not had the same level of testing and review. IIRC the current implementation has many vulnerabilities in it as well) solution to quadratic sighashing. However, changing to flextrans is a lot more work than changing to segwit. It completely rewrites the entire transaction format. Doing a complete rewrite of that in every single wallet software will take a lot of time, and there are a lot of things that can be messed up in rewriting that. As someone who has partially implemented segwit for a wallet, segwit is really not that bad to implement as it is an extension on the existing transaction format.
Limiting the transaction size is not really a solution. It also prevents people from making those large transactions which can, at times, actually be useful. For example they can be used to clean up a large amount of spam UTXOs but cost less than multiple transactions. F2pool did this with the large 1 MB transaction they made when they cleaned up a lot of small, spam UTXOs from broken brainwallets.
Bandwidth and diskspace requirements would increase naturally, but Gavin did testing on 8mb blocks, and if you think about it, even full 32mb blocks only
represent 1.68 TB a year of storage.
As I said, the concern is not just on disk space but also bandwidth.
Do you also realize that people aren't going to be buying new hard drives every year just to store the blockchain? Maintaining a growth of 1.68 TB a year would be quite burdensome on node owners as they would constantly have to get new hard drives and have the bandwidth to allow that much data to and from their node to multiple peers while still also having disk space for their personal data and bandwidth for personal use.
Hard forks require coordination, but many alt coins have successfully hard forked without any major issues that I'm aware of, and I don't think it would require a year.
Even if it was done very abruptly, miners kicked off the main chain unexpectedly could simply rejoin.
Altcoins don't have the same number of users, network conditions, market cap, or development situation as Bitcoin does. Bitcoin and altcoins are not comparable.
It is not an issue of "kicked off the main chain" but rather that a short-term, abrupt hard fork would almost certainly result in two chains and a lot of uncertainty about which is Bitcoin.