Litecoin is faster, monero is more private, ETH has smart contracts and there are much more altcoin with much more features, even Bitcoin Cash is faster than Bitcoin, but BTC keeps rising much faster.
Don't you think it's just because of the name?
Bitcoin's developers hold security and long term stability as their core values. Altcoins, on the other hand, are chasing improvements in order to compete with Bitcoin and each other. They can afford to make risky technical decisions - Bitcoin can't. Altcoin prices are very closely tied, if Bitcoin will fail for some technical reason, all crypto market will crash. Now, to your examples.
Bitcoin's block time target was chosen because developers believe that it's the best compromise between security and utility. Other cryptocurrencies like Litecoin and Ethereum are faster because they've chosen a much smaller value. Time will tell whether it is secure or not, because altcoins transfer much smaller amounts of value per day than Bitcoin and almost no one uses them as a currency.
Monero was built for privacy and because of that there are many drawbacks, plus it's privacy is still being tested. Bitcoin never had privacy as its primary goal, which is economic sovereignty.
Ethereum's smart contracts are still in their early days, they can be quite buggy and lead to tremendous loss of funds. But there smart contracts platforms for Bitcoin are being developed already, and they will be implemented on top of Bitcoin, without any merging or hard forks required.
Bitcoin Cash is not faster than Bitcoin - has the same block time target. It has bigger block space, but most of it is empty, because no one seriously uses this copypaste shitcoin - it was created only for attacking Bitcoin.
So, in general, altcoins are very risky investments, while Bitcoin is less risky while still showing an amazing performance. It's the best store of value out of all cryptos because it has the smallest chances of failing for some technical reason.