I don't use wine myself, but someone around me told me he's using it (on Linux Mint). This person has a full BTC node on the said computer, as well as Electrum installed.
Do you think wine represents a potential risk for his funds?
Would a malware running on Windows be able to do anything wrong via wine on a Debian-based system (ubuntu, mint etc..)?
I guess that in any case, with the Linux privilege system, you still need to be root or superuser to have the necessary rights for doing most things (so I guess it is supposed be as safe as usual on a linux system?) - but wine doesn't seem sane to me. Bringing "microsoft risks" on a Linux distro seems crazy to me. (Am I being too paranoid?)
No, you are not paranoid.
It would make sense if the user needs to run specific Windows-only software that is crucial for their operations - if there are no viable Linux-native alternatives using Wine might be a rational choice.
But it is difficult to judge without precise information. Electrum and Bitcoin Core are definitely applications that do not rely on Windows.
"Classic" malware in Wine generally remain within the virtual 'C drive' created by Wine, but they can potentially affect the system through modifications to startup entries and other methods. Especially when they are crafted for that.