This is a little complex, so pour yourself a cup of coffee and take a comfy seat.
A CDO is basically an arrangement that works as follows : an issuer (I) takes a pile of debt of various entities (D1...Dn) in set ammounts (Q1...Qn) and piles it all together. The pile is then tranched, which means say that 25% of it goes to class A, which gets pA, 35% goes to class B, which gets pB and the remainder 40% goes to class C, which gets pC. The catch is that with respect to capital, class A gets paid first. If and only if there's anything left, class B gets paid. If after all B is satisfied there's anything left over, class C gets paid. The counter-catch is that pC is significantly above pA.
Now let's work this out with an example.
MPEx takes in 1000 BTC of debt from entity D1, which pays a weekly 15% ; 500 BTC of debt from entity D2, which pays a weekly 12% ; 1500 BTC of debt from entity D3, which pays 11.5% and 2000 BTC debt from entity D4, which pays 10%, and bundles it all into a CDO. The total weekly revenue of this CDO is 1000×.15+500×.12+1500×.115+2000×.1 = 582.5 BTC, and the total capital in the CDO is 5000 BTC.
The CDO is now tranched, as follows : 1250 shares class A, which pay 7% per month, 1750 shares class B, which pay 11% per month, and 2000 shares class C, which pay 15.125%.
In the event all four entities remain solvent, the class C realises a 15.125% interest, which is superior both in ammount and as principal to the 1k @15% available from entity D1.
In the event any entity goes bankrupt, the CDO plays out as follows :
class A is due 1250 in principal and 87.5 interest = 1337.5 BTC.
class B is due 1750 in principal and 192.5 interest = 1942.5 BTC
class C is due 2000 in principal and 302.5 interest = 2302.5 BTC.
Should entity D2 have gone bankrupt, the total value of the CDO is now 1150 + 0 + 1672.5 + 2200 = 5022.5. This means that class A receives its 1337.5 BTC in full, and there's 3685 left over. Class B receives its 1942.5 BTC in full, and there's 1752.5 left over, so class C realises a 24% theoretical loss or 13% practical loss (principal only).
Should entities D2 and D4 have gone bankrupt, the total value of the CDO remains 1150 + 0 + 1672.5 + 0 = 2822.5 BTC, thus class A receives its 1337.5 in full, class B receives 1485 on its 1942.5 claim and class C realises a 100% loss.
The advantages of the CDO are then apparent : class A obtains excellent security (it loses no money even if half the debtors default) for a small interest, whereas class C obtains better interest than available in the market, in exchange for footing the risk.
Obviously, the actual % wouldn't be the ones quoted, this was just a numeric example.
So now, given that MPEx is considering creating a CDO of this sort, which lenders here would be interested to participate ? (Obviously people with a track record, good ratings etc).
Thanks for reading !
