New pure-python CPU miner, for fun and testing

tarzen

newbie

Activity: 10

Merit: 0

i'm trying this with Python 2.7 on Linux and get a an error on line ~158 at

Code:

return (nonce + 1, None)

Python complains that nonce has not been defined - which is true since this call is made outside of the loop

Code:

for nonce in xrange(self.max_nonce):

which defines nonce

I added a class variable self._nonce in the __init__ function of class Miner and use this t keep track of the nonce value.

A question:
Is it expected behaviour for the hash rate to halve on each iteration of the work function?

Unthinkingbit

hero member

Activity: 935

Merit: 1015

By condensing code in the nonce loop, pyminer gets around 6% more speed on my machine. The hash part of the loop ends up being:

Code:

# hash final 4b, the nonce value
hash1_o = static_hash.copy()

# encode 32-bit nonce value
hash1_o.update(struct.pack("
# sha256 hash of sha256 hash
hash = hashlib.sha256(hash1_o.digest()).digest()

Below is a diff of the changes.

Code:

--- pyminer.py 2011-06-11 14:47:44.000000000 -0700
+++ pyminer_test.py 2011-06-11 14:47:04.000000000 -0700
@@ -121,18 +121,14 @@

for nonce in xrange(self.max_nonce):

- # encode 32-bit nonce value
- nonce_bin = struct.pack("-
# hash final 4b, the nonce value
hash1_o = static_hash.copy()
- hash1_o.update(nonce_bin)
- hash1 = hash1_o.digest()
+
+ # encode 32-bit nonce value
+ hash1_o.update(struct.pack("
# sha256 hash of sha256 hash
- hash_o = hashlib.sha256()
- hash_o.update(hash1)
- hash = hash_o.digest()
+ hash = hashlib.sha256(hash1_o.digest()).digest()

# quick test for winning solution: high 32 bits zero?
if hash[-4:] != '\0\0\0\0':

tcash21

newbie

Activity: 1

Merit: 0

Quote from: dsp77 on June 03, 2011, 05:21:21 PM

Quote from: dsp77 on June 03, 2011, 04:59:06 PM

...
Sorry, not in a patch form.

OK, fixed that. Here is a diff of it.

Code:

diff --git pyminer.py pyminer.py
index 051abb3..b203aa8 100755
--- pyminer.py
+++ pyminer.py
@@ -97,8 +97,9 @@ def wordreverse(in_buf):
return ''.join(out_words)

class Miner:
- def __init__(self, id):
+ def __init__(self, id, settings=None):
self.id = id
+ self.settings=settings
self.max_nonce = MAX_NONCE

def work(self, datastr, targetstr):
@@ -181,11 +182,11 @@ class Miner:
time_diff = time_end - time_start

self.max_nonce = long(
- (hashes_done * settings['scantime']) / time_diff)
+ (hashes_done * self.settings['scantime']) / time_diff)
if self.max_nonce > 0xfffffffaL:
self.max_nonce = 0xfffffffaL

- if settings['hashmeter']:
+ if self.settings['hashmeter']:
print "HashMeter(%d): %d hashes, %.2f Khash/sec" % (
self.id, hashes_done,
(hashes_done / 1000.0) / time_diff)
@@ -194,16 +195,16 @@ class Miner:
self.submit_work(rpc, work['data'], nonce_bin)

def loop(self):
- rpc = BitcoinRPC(settings['host'], settings['port'],
- settings['rpcuser'], settings['rpcpass'])
+ rpc = BitcoinRPC(self.settings['host'], self.settings['port'],
+ self.settings['rpcuser'], self.settings['rpcpass'])
if rpc is None:
return

while True:
self.iterate(rpc)

-def miner_thread(id):
- miner = Miner(id)
+def miner_thread(id, settings):
+ miner = Miner(id, settings)
miner.loop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
@@ -248,7 +249,7 @@ if __name__ == '__main__':

thr_list = []
for thr_id in range(settings['threads']):
- p = Process(target=miner_thread, args=(thr_id,))
+ p = Process(target=miner_thread, args=(thr_id, settings,))
p.start()
thr_list.append(p)
time.sleep(1) # stagger threads

I'm still getting the BadStatusLine error even after adding these fixes to the script. I'm trying to run on Ubuntu 10.04.2 LTS 64-bit.
Any ideas?

elmom

newbie

Activity: 21

Merit: 0

Running it on pypy (recent nightly build), it leaks and fills my memory fast, any idea if the code relies too much on cpython reference counting, or should I report this to pypy devs?

Otherwise, about the slowness of pypy is propalby related to the fact that the hashing is relegated to optimized c-code, but pypy uses a pure python or non-optimized rpython implementation. Has someone done profiling of the latest code?

dsp77

newbie

Activity: 8

Merit: 0

Quote from: psychocoder on June 06, 2011, 11:26:52 AM

I also get the error if I use btcguild. I use phython 2.5.3 on linux debian lenny (is this a problem). I run The program with one thread.

...

I ran it under Ubuntu Lucid Lynx with Python 2.6.5 and under Windows with Python 2.7. In both cases I get the error.

It looks like the problem occurs when after the second request another one is started. When adding debug output I see it run in the miner.loop() the self.iterate(rpc) call twice. After it finishes the second loop and starts the 3rd call to self.iterate(rpc) the response with an empty header is returned.

Breaking with the 3rd rpc call is independent of the amount of threads. So with one thread it breaks with the 3rd call and with two threads running it breaks each thread with the 3rd call as well. Undecided

One interesting thing to note is, that the max_nonce value goes up. I thought it would go down in consecutive runs. In the first run it is set to 1,000,000. In the second run it goes up to 4,885,595.

psychocoder

newbie

Activity: 49

Merit: 0

I also get the error if I use btcguild. I use phython 2.5.3 on linux debian lenny (is this a problem). I run The program with one thread.

Quote

Process Process-1:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/var/lib/python-support/python2.5/multiprocessing/process.py", line 237, in _bootstrap
   self.run()
  File "/var/lib/python-support/python2.5/multiprocessing/process.py", line 93, in run
   self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
  File "pyminer.py", line 214, in miner_thread
   miner.loop()
  File "pyminer.py", line 210, in loop
   self.iterate(rpc)
  File "pyminer.py", line 174, in iterate
   work = rpc.getwork()
  File "pyminer.py", line 83, in getwork
   return self.rpc('getwork', data)
  File "pyminer.py", line 63, in rpc
   resp = self.conn.getresponse()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.5/httplib.py", line 928, in getresponse
   response.begin()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.5/httplib.py", line 385, in begin
   version, status, reason = self._read_status()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.5/httplib.py", line 349, in _read_status
   raise BadStatusLine(line)
BadStatusLine

dsp77

newbie

Activity: 8

Merit: 0

I ran the latest git-version with the patch I posted earlier under windows and linux using an account at btcguild.com and got the following error message:

Code:

G:\Dokumente und Einstellungen\anna\Eigene Dateien\pj\pyminer>python pyminer.py btcguild-config.cfg
2 mining threads started
Sat Jun 04 00:41:52 2011 Miner Starts - btcguild.com:8332
HashMeter(0): 1000000 hashes, 136.18 Khash/sec
HashMeter(1): 1000000 hashes, 136.46 Khash/sec
HashMeter(0): 8171047 hashes, 135.41 Khash/sec
Process Process-1:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "G:\Python27\lib\multiprocessing\process.py", line 232, in _bootstrap
self.run()
File "G:\Python27\lib\multiprocessing\process.py", line 88, in run
self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
File "G:\Dokumente und Einstellungen\anna\Eigene Dateien\pj\pyminer\pyminer.py", line 208, in miner_thread
miner.loop()
File "G:\Dokumente und Einstellungen\anna\Eigene Dateien\pj\pyminer\pyminer.py", line 204, in loop
self.iterate(rpc)
File "G:\Dokumente und Einstellungen\anna\Eigene Dateien\pj\pyminer\pyminer.py", line 168, in iterate
work = rpc.getwork()
File "G:\Dokumente und Einstellungen\anna\Eigene Dateien\pj\pyminer\pyminer.py", line 76, in getwork
return self.rpc('getwork', data)
File "G:\Dokumente und Einstellungen\anna\Eigene Dateien\pj\pyminer\pyminer.py", line 56, in rpc
resp = self.conn.getresponse()
File "G:\Python27\lib\httplib.py", line 1025, in getresponse
response.begin()
File "G:\Python27\lib\httplib.py", line 401, in begin
version, status, reason = self._read_status()
File "G:\Python27\lib\httplib.py", line 365, in _read_status
raise BadStatusLine(line)
BadStatusLine: ''
HashMeter(1): 8187772 hashes, 135.47 Khash/sec
Process Process-2:
...
Sat Jun 04 00:43:00 2011 Miner Stops - btcguild.com:8332

Running it with two threads I took out the trace back from the second process.

Anyone knows why there is an empty status line returned?

Thanks for your help.

dsp77

newbie

Activity: 8

Merit: 0

Quote from: dsp77 on June 03, 2011, 04:59:06 PM

...
Sorry, not in a patch form.

OK, fixed that. Here is a diff of it.

Code:

diff --git pyminer.py pyminer.py
index 051abb3..b203aa8 100755
--- pyminer.py
+++ pyminer.py
@@ -97,8 +97,9 @@ def wordreverse(in_buf):
return ''.join(out_words)

class Miner:
- def __init__(self, id):
+ def __init__(self, id, settings=None):
self.id = id
+ self.settings=settings
self.max_nonce = MAX_NONCE

def work(self, datastr, targetstr):
@@ -181,11 +182,11 @@ class Miner:
time_diff = time_end - time_start

self.max_nonce = long(
- (hashes_done * settings['scantime']) / time_diff)
+ (hashes_done * self.settings['scantime']) / time_diff)
if self.max_nonce > 0xfffffffaL:
self.max_nonce = 0xfffffffaL

- if settings['hashmeter']:
+ if self.settings['hashmeter']:
print "HashMeter(%d): %d hashes, %.2f Khash/sec" % (
self.id, hashes_done,
(hashes_done / 1000.0) / time_diff)
@@ -194,16 +195,16 @@ class Miner:
self.submit_work(rpc, work['data'], nonce_bin)

def loop(self):
- rpc = BitcoinRPC(settings['host'], settings['port'],
- settings['rpcuser'], settings['rpcpass'])
+ rpc = BitcoinRPC(self.settings['host'], self.settings['port'],
+ self.settings['rpcuser'], self.settings['rpcpass'])
if rpc is None:
return

while True:
self.iterate(rpc)

-def miner_thread(id):
- miner = Miner(id)
+def miner_thread(id, settings):
+ miner = Miner(id, settings)
miner.loop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
@@ -248,7 +249,7 @@ if __name__ == '__main__':

thr_list = []
for thr_id in range(settings['threads']):
- p = Process(target=miner_thread, args=(thr_id,))
+ p = Process(target=miner_thread, args=(thr_id, settings,))
p.start()
thr_list.append(p)
time.sleep(1) # stagger threads

dsp77

newbie

Activity: 8

Merit: 0

Quote from: Kiv on February 27, 2011, 02:53:42 PM

I'm trying to run this and getting an exception:

Code:

Process Process-1:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python26\lib\multiprocessing\process.py", line 232, in _bootstrap
self.run()
File "C:\Python26\lib\multiprocessing\process.py", line 88, in run
self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
File "C:\Users\Chris\workspace\pyminer\pyminer.py", line 197, in miner_thread
miner.loop()
File "C:\Users\Chris\workspace\pyminer\pyminer.py", line 187, in loop
rpc = BitcoinRPC(settings['host'], settings['port'],
KeyError: 'host'
1 mining threads started
Sun Feb 27 15:51:18 2011 Miner Starts - 127.0.0.1:8332
Sun Feb 27 15:51:18 2011 Miner Stops - 127.0.0.1:8332

It seems that the settings dictionary is empty, because when we're using separate processes the children don't have access to the parent's variables. Probably the settings should be passed in as constructor arguments. I might put this up on GitHub and hack on it a bit if you don't mind

I did some changes to make it work under Windows:

Code:

class Miner:
def __init__(self, id, settings=None):
self.id = id
self.settings=settings
self.max_nonce = MAX_NONCE
...

def iterate(self, rpc):
...
self.max_nonce = long(
(hashes_done * self.settings['scantime']) / time_diff)
if self.max_nonce > 0xfffffffaL:
self.max_nonce = 0xfffffffaL
...
if self.settings['hashmeter']:
print "HashMeter(%d): %d hashes, %.2f Khash/sec" % (
self.id, hashes_done,
(hashes_done / 1000.0) / time_diff)

...

def loop(self):
rpc = BitcoinRPC(self.settings['host'], self.settings['port'],
self.settings['rpcuser'], self.settings['rpcpass'])
if rpc is None:
return

...

def miner_thread(id, settings):
miner = Miner(id, settings)
miner.loop()

...

thr_list = []
for thr_id in range(settings['threads']):
p = Process(target=miner_thread, args=(thr_id, settings))
p.start()
thr_list.append(p)
time.sleep(1) # stagger threads

Sorry, not in a patch form.

fix

newbie

Activity: 4

Merit: 0

Really, really useful. Thank you very much.

But what I don't understand is the meaning of the RPC work data (data, hash1, midstate, target values) and why when a proof-of-work isn't found this isn't replied to the pool. I know, I've got some confusion in my mind.
There's some documentation about this?

jgarzik

legendary

Activity: 1596

Merit: 1100

Updated the git repo with many bug fixes. pyminer.py successfully generated a block on testnet, and a share in slush's pool.

TehRainbowGuy

newbie

Activity: 8

Merit: 0

Thanks!

jgarzik

legendary

Activity: 1596

Merit: 1100

Sure, here's a git repo: https://github.com/jgarzik/pyminer

TehRainbowGuy

newbie

Activity: 8

Merit: 0

I am loving the idea of this miner, much simpler than all of the others.

Just one question, any chance of a git repo?

rasputin

newbie

Activity: 14

Merit: 0

Quote from: jgarzik on February 17, 2011, 07:11:01 PM

Quote from: kseistrup on February 17, 2011, 06:13:23 PM

Quote from: jgarzik on February 17, 2011, 04:52:40 PM

I'm not sure you caught my point.

You're right, I didn't catch your point. I have to chew on that, though. What we need is a binary buffer with the right endianness, not a python long integer, right?

No, we really do need a 256-integer, because that is the fundamental proof-of-work test in the bitcoin system, comparing two 256-bit integers:

hash < target

You may just as well compare the two arrays of binary data:

Code:

>>> a = "aaaa".decode('hex')
>>> b = "bbbb".decode('hex')
>>> a > b
False
>>> b > a
True

Got to love high level languages.

Considered putting this on github as well, btw? Being smaller and higher level, I find it a lot easier to grasp than the C miner. Too bad about all the byte order manipulation, but I guess that can't be helped.

rasputin

newbie

Activity: 14

Merit: 0

Quote from: kseistrup on February 19, 2011, 05:10:33 AM

I wonder if this is a bug:

Code:

# hash final 4b, the nonce value
   hash1_o = hash1_precalc_o
   hash1_o.update(nonce_bin)
   hash1 = hash1_o.digest()

Do I interpret your meaning right when I say that the code — for each value of nonce — intends to calculate the SHA256 digest of the precalculated value (intended to stay constant throughout the loop) updated with the nonce? If so, that is not what the code does. Please see this simplified example:

Code:

>>> from hashlib import sha256
>>> pre = sha256('abc')
>>> post = pre
>>> post.update('xyz')
>>> pre.digest() == post.digest()
True
>>>

So pre and post (like hash1_precalc_o and hash1_o) both points to the same object

Instead of assignment, you'd use hashlib's copy() method to duplicate the hash state.

This code should work as intended:

Code:

# hash final 4b, the nonce value
hash1_o = hash1_precalc_o.copy()
hash1_o.update(nonce_bin)
hash1 = hash1_o.digest()

kseistrup

hero member

Activity: 566

Merit: 500

Unselfish actions pay back better

Quote from: Kiv on February 27, 2011, 03:26:13 PM

If everyone else is running on Linux but I am running on Windows, this explains why it would work for others but not for me.

It sure does.

Cheers,

Kiv

full member

Activity: 162

Merit: 100

This is probably a Windows-only bug. From the multiprocessing docs:

Since Windows lacks os.fork() it has a few extra restrictions:
Global variables

Bear in mind that if code run in a child process tries to access a global variable, then the value it sees (if any) may not be the same as the value in the parent process at the time that Process.start() was called.

If everyone else is running on Linux but I am running on Windows, this explains why it would work for others but not for me.

kseistrup

hero member

Activity: 566

Merit: 500

Unselfish actions pay back better

Quote from: Kiv on February 27, 2011, 03:03:21 PM

I suspect that the program worked fine at one point and I have a more recent version with a bug in it.

The current version runs fine with this config file (username and password edited for obvious reasons):

Code:

host = mining.bitcoin.cz
port = 8332
rpcuser = myRPCUser
rpcpass = myRPCPass
logdir = /tmp
threads = 1
hashmeter = 1

Cheers,

Kiv

full member

Activity: 162

Merit: 100

Thank you, but I did supply the argument. In fact the program will not start without the config file. My config file is the right format as well and has "host=127.0.0.1" in it.

I suspect that the program worked fine at one point and I have a more recent version with a bug in it.

Quote from: kseistrup on February 27, 2011, 02:57:49 PM

Quote from: Kiv on February 27, 2011, 02:53:42 PM

Code:

File "C:\Users\Chris\workspace\pyminer\pyminer.py", line 187, in loop
rpc = BitcoinRPC(settings['host'], settings['port'],
KeyError: 'host'

Pyminer takes as its single argument the name of the config file. Please see message #10 in this thread.

Cheers,

Topic: New pure-python CPU miner, for fun and testing (Read 25640 times)