When the economy is bad, more money gets printed to stimulate the markets. When the economy is good, more money gets printed to reflect economic growth. Not a bad system in itself, after all it got us this far, but something that one should be well aware of
In fact, you can use it to your advantage
Obviously, no government will easily accept being heavy on money printing, and the official inflation rates are typically way lower than real, and still more so when they are high on their own. For example, if in the US the official inflation rate is reported to be 2% yearly, you can't actually expect it to be 20% as the discrepancy will be too obvious and apparent. On the other hand, in some third world country the reported inflation can be like 20% while the real inflation will be like 50% or even higher
And this has interesting repercussions and consequences. As taxes, duties, penalties, etc are calculated using the official rates, you can use this discrepancy against the government itself. For example, you may postpone payments of taxes even despite risking penalties as you would still have to pay less in real terms. And this is a real phenomenon commonly occurring in countries with high inflation rates. The same with debts. If you have arrears (like utilities or something similar), you will likely have to pay a penalty way below real inflation rate
