How are cryptocurrencies fundamentally different from the stock market, shares, and other traditional financial instruments, if we consider the method of attracting money? Nothing.
Cryptocurrencies are no more fraudulent than all of the above.
Are you saying that all holders are scammers? You seem to be confusing the concept of fraud. I'll try to explain it to you clearly.
Fraud, when some people take away (the victim voluntarily gives) value from others under various pretexts. In the case of a bitcoin hold, the holder doesn't receive any value from anyone, but, on the contrary, loses it, that is, the value in the form of bitcoin purchased with money is stored in the same place (crypto wallet) for a long time. From this perspective, the holder (in some sense) should be called a victim rather than a fraudster.