a Block only can contain a certain number of Transactions, increase the # of blocks in a given time frame and you increase your transaction capacity.
The logic is simple: More blocks mean more transactions.
the theory of messing with difficulty to allow blocks to average, lets say 5 minutes "may" increase transaction count. but you have to take into account the other ramifications.
1. it messes with the coin production(blockreward) timing and changes the 2140 when mining should end. to being much sooner
2. pools need time to validate solved blocks and propagate them. if difficulty changes to average 5 minutes. we will see more "empty blocks" where pools circumvent the validation/propagation in an attempt to get blocks solved faster. thus less transactions get added to a block.
3. the 10 minute average has many reasons behind it.
4. changing the 2016blocks over 2 weeks has many negative ripple effects
research 2 and 3 and 4.
learn the why's and hows and whats.
reason 1 alone is reason enough not to do it. for economic, and for reasons revolving around rules that just should not be messed with.
i know you hate the mining pools so lets word it in a way you will understand, purely based on your hate of pools..
changing the timings to 2016blocks a week(5min average). means that in 10 minutes, the pools get a 200% pay rise because the change would mean they get paid twice every 10 minutes instead of once.
plus not guaranteeing that blocks will be full in those 5minute blocks (look at reasons why "empty blocks" are happening. (hint: its not due to low mempool(demand), but pools trying to be efficient solving blocks by starting empty blocks))
also changing the speed cant be "scaled" because there is a limit to how man times you can actually mess with all the mechanisms before it causes security weaknesses, bugs and issues.
so drop the change "blockspeed" idea. the side effects have more negatives than positives.
as for increasing the base blocksize. yes that has more noticeable effects and can be changed again and again, thus is about "scaling"..
unlike segwit which is a one time fix. that cannot then be repeated so its not "scaling". its just a side effect one time boost.
so yes changing the base blocksize is about "scaling", unlike segwit or your buzzword "blockspeed"