first of all.. "resistance" is the wall that slows down or stops trades from going UP
.. "support" is the wall that slows down or stops trades from going DOWN
there are many many statistics people can gather that form these measures
ill give you a couple simplified ones for novices
a. if you look at the market-order-book of exchange you can see the depth of all the orders.
you can see the differences of the depths.. if its a cliff.. its a wall if its flat its open to move
be cautious.. many times these walls are "ghosts".. traders can set many orders to create a wall of resistance/support, but if the price gets close to their order they cancel all the orders and the walls fall flatter. this is when viewers then get shocked that the price easily passed a wall and they act surprised how easy the wall fell
b. futures market have people locking in contracts that complete at certain prices. if the prices hit and contracts complete this can change the markets
we see this alot where there are many contracts to bet that prices wont breach over $39k so you see lots of whales do spot trading to sell and arbitrage and sell to keep the price below $39k to resist a price pump until their contracts expire. and then suddenly the spot order book changes with no sell resistance wall
there are many other measures that people can find.
and if you are following people that just only draw a line on a candlestick chart. and only talk about historic trend repeating, unsubscribe from them
The market is prone to manipulation, I think that all market players are fraudsters 😅 (including me meaning) Because of its very volatile nature, sentiment suddenly reverses direction and so on. Regarding the price history repeating itself, I don't think it's because the price movements are also different. Candlesticks cannot be used as a benchmark, sometimes their movements are wild depending on market supply and demand and the market players themselves.
What you say often becomes a trader's benchmark for measuring an order block or resistance/support. And this order block can be a strong benchmark for the direction of price movements, but can also sometimes be deceptive depending on the direction of the trend itself.
The conclusion I can draw here is that in trading we need several supporting data, just one data is not enough.