ॐ Temple Coin Syllabus ॐ - page 2.

immakingacoin

member

Activity: 98

Merit: 11

IRELAND
Cork
Waterford

ENGLAND
Swansea
Portsmouth
Norwich

NETHERLANDS
Amsterdam
Maastricht

GERMANY
Koblenz

FRANCE
Nancy
Marseille

SPAIN
Tarragona
Malaga

Cross from Spain to Morocco by Boat

MOROCCO
Tangier
Al Hoceima
Berkane

ALGERIA
Oran
Algiers
Constantine
Annaba

TUNISIA
Bizerte
Tunis

Cross from Tunisia to Italy (Trapani) by Boat

ITALY
Agrigento
Brindisi

ALBANIA
Durres

MACEDONIA
Debar
Tetovo
Kumanovo

BULGARIA
Pernik
Plovdiv

TURKEY
Edirne
Istanbul
Eskisehir
Konya
Mersin

Turkey (Tasucu) to Lebanon (Tripoli) by Boat

LEBANON
Tyre
(Maybe Sidon)

Lebanon (Beirut) to Cyprus (Larnaca) by Plane

CYPRUS
Larnaca

Cyprus (Larnaca) to Israel (Tel Aviv) by Plane

ISRAEL
Rishon Leziyyon
Be'er Sheva
Mitzpe Ramon

EGYPT
Taba
Dahab
Sharm El Sheikh
Cairo (Maybe get a Visa for Sudan if needed)
Alexandria
Luxor
Aswan

MAYBE

Egypt (Aswan) to Sudan (Wadi Halfa) by Boat
From there, Train to Kartoum

SUDAN
Kartoum

Look for Unique Food Products and Musical Instruments Everywhere

IRELAND
Scented Mixtures
Pipes
Spices
Fruit Seeds
Craft Supplies

ENGLAND
Gems
Precious Metals
Pipes
Spices
Fruit Seeds
Craft Supplies

NETHERLANDS
Tree Cuttings
Chemicals
Marijuana Seeds
Mushroom Spores
Pipes
Spices
Fruit Seeds
Craft Supplies

GERMANY
Chemicals
Pipes
Spices
Fruit Seeds
Craft Supplies

FRANCE
Perfume Components
Wine
Cheese
Grape Seeds
Pipes
Spices
Fruit Seeds
Craft Supplies

SPAIN
Clothing
Pipes
Spices
Fruit Seeds
Craft Supplies

MOROCCO
Chemicals
Clothing
Regalia
Pipes
Spices
Fruit Seeds
Craft Supplies

ALGERIA
Chemicals
Regalia
Pipes
Spices
Fruit Seeds
Craft Supplies

TUNISIA
Clothing
Pipes
Spices
Fruit Seeds
Craft Supplies

ITALY
Lighting
Clothing
Gems
Precious Metals
Pipes
Spices
Fruit Seeds
Craft Supplies

ALBANIA
Clothing
Pipes
Spices
Fruit Seeds
Craft Supplies

MACEDONIA
Chemicals
Clothing
Pipes
Spices
Fruit Seeds
Craft Supplies

BULGARIA
Copper
Clothing
Pipes
Spices
Fruit Seeds
Craft Supplies

TURKEY
Gems
Precious Metals
Clothing
Religious Ornaments
Jewelry
Pipes
Spices
Fruit Seeds
Craft Supplies

LEBANON
Precious Metals
Gems
Jewelry
Religious Ornaments
Pipes
Spices
Fruit Seeds
Craft Supplies

CYPRUS
Cheese
Pipes
Spices
Fruit Seeds
Craft Supplies

ISRAEL
Gems
Religious Ornaments
Pipes
Spices
Fruit Seeds
Craft Supplies

EGYPT
Clothing
Perfume Components
Chemicals
Gems
Cocoa (Chocolate) Seeds
Precious Metals
Religious Ornaments
Plant Cuttings
Pipes
Spices
Fruit Seeds
Dyes
Craft Supplies

IRELAND
90 Days

ENGLAND
180 Days

NETHERLANDS
90 Days in any 180 Day period (including stays in other Schengen countries)

GERMANY
90 Days in any 180 Day period (including stays in other Schengen countries)

FRANCE
90 Days in any 180 Day period (including stays in other Schengen countries)

SPAIN
90 Days in any 180 Day period (including stays in other Schengen countries)

MOROCCO
90 Days

ALGERIA
Have to talk to travel agency maybe apply at Embassy

TUNISIA
90 Days

ITALY
90 Days in any 180 Day period (including stays in other Schengen countries)

ALBANIA
90 Days

MACEDONIA
Apply at Embassy

BULGARIA
90 Days

TURKEY
90 Days

LEBANON
Apply at Embassy

CYPRUS
90 Days

ISRAEL
90 Days

EGYPT
Apply at Embassy or talk to Travel Agency and buy 30 Day Visa
Apply at Egyptian Ministry of the Interior for Residency Visa

immakingacoin

member

Activity: 98

Merit: 11

We have created a series of Backpacking Routes, which we suggest people go on, in order to create a Global Community that has actually met each other, and have been to each other's home Coutnries

First, communications
Rebtel
Skype
Google Voice
Facebook
Twitter
Google+
WhatsApp
Texting with Wifi

COLOMBIA
Medellin
Cali
Sincelejo
Cartagena

VENEZUELA
Maturin

BRAZIL
Manaus

PERU
Cusco

Cusco to LAX
LAX to Delhi

INDIA
Delhi
Manali
Pushkar
Palolem Beach
Palakkad (also Parambikulam Tiger Reserve)
Varanasi

NEPAL
Kathmandu

CHINA/TIBET
Lhasa
Chengdu
(Maybe Beijing)

JAPAN
(Maybe Tokyo on the way to Guam)

GUAM

Back to US, Colombia, India or Nepal

Everywhere:
Unique Food Products

Colombia:
Gold
Emeralds (Gems)
Pipes
Marijuana Seeds
Coca Seeds
Mushroom Spores
Coffee Seeds/Beans
Spices
Cocao (Chocolate) Seeds
Cupuaçu Seeds
Fruit Seeds
Craft Supplies

Venezuela:
Acylic Alcohols
Gold
Gems
Chemicals
Yopo & Chacruna Seeds
Marijuana Seeds
Pipes
Spices
Craft Supplies

Brazil:
Coffee Seeds/Beans
Acylic Alcohols
Yopo & Chacruna Seeds
Ayahuasca Seeds/Cuttings
Pipes
Spices
Cupuaçu Seeds
Fruit Seeds
Craft Supplies

Peru:
Coffee Seeds/Beans
Spices
Pipes
San Pedro/Peruvian Torch Cuttings & Seeds
Coca Seeds
Copper
Cupuaçu Seeds
Craft Supplies

India:
Parad
Shaligram
Rudraksha Seeds
Chillums
Small Statues/Idols
Gems
Metals
Pharmaceuticals
Chemicals
Clothing/Fabric/Scarves
Silk
Jewelry
Marijuana Seeds
Fruit Seeds
Spices
Religious Ornaments
Incense
Craft Supplies

Nepal:
Knotted Rugs
Chillums
Clothing/Fabric/Scarves
Coffee Seeds/Beans
Spices
Marijuana Seeds
Fruit Seeds
Spices
Jewelry
Religious Ornaments
Incense
Craft Supplies

Tibet:
Jewelry
Religious Ornaments
Rugs
Fabrics
Knives
Incense
Fruit Seeds
Spices
Craft Supplies

Chengdu (China):
Dishes/Lacquer Ware
Religious Ornaments
Bamboo Products
Jewelry
Leather Products 真皮/zhēnpí (real)
Electronics
Fabric/Clothing/Scarves
Flavored or Exotic Alcohols
Fruit Seeds
Spices
Craft Supplies

Guam:
Jewelry
Watches
Fruit Seeds
Spices
Craft Supplies

Colombia
90 Days
180 Days with extension

Venezuela
90 Days
Leave then come back or 90 more

Brazil
90 Days per visit
180 Days per year

Peru
183 Days

India
180 Days

Nepal
15, 30, 90 Days
150 Days per year

Tibet
?

China
72 Hours w/ no Visa
90 Days

Japan
90 Days
180 with extension

Guam
US Territory, no Visa needed

immakingacoin

member

Activity: 98

Merit: 11

These are the Dogs we will be bringing back from Armenia

Gampr dogs are not trained, instead performing the necessary functions naturally. The Armenian word "Gampr" means "watchdog", but the same breed may instead be called a "gelkheht" (from "gel" - "wolf" and "khekhtel" - "to choke") if it is predisposed to be used as a wolfhound; a bear-hunting dog is known as "archashoon" ("bear-dog"); an avalanche dog is named "potorkashoon", and a shepherd dog is named "hovvashoon". The Gamprs are very tied to people, especially those dogs that live in human houses, because they feel themselves a family or pack member.

immakingacoin

member

Activity: 98

Merit: 11

Wind Energy in Armenia
http://r2e2.am/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/Wind-Potential-Report_Eng.pdf

Wind Turbines
https://www.alibaba.com/showroom/wind-turbine.html

Motorcycles
https://www.list.am/en/category/24?q=ural

Cars
https://www.list.am/category/23?q=ural

Trucks
https://www.list.am/category/25?q=ural

Buses
https://www.list.am/category/74?q=ural

immakingacoin

member

Activity: 98

Merit: 11

Intro to Federalism

The United States was founded on a Revolution. Many people believed that Thomas Jefferson was an Anarchist, because he created moments of Anarchy, but in the end he helped create a “More Perfect Union”. The Revolution most people think of when they think of Revolution is a Communist Revolution, or the Counter Revolutions to the Communist Revolutions; and that is because the Communist Manifesto is relatively new in terms of Human History. But Revolutions have previously not been about Communism, and a Proletariat class V a class of Capitalist or Feudalistic self indulgent overlords who actually spend time thinking of ways to make the Proletariat do more for less. Most Revolutions were about Liberty, and were based on ideas similar to the of Plato’s Republic. The Liberty Cap and Liberty Pole (also called the Phyrgian Cap) is a common symbol in this form of Revolution, and Assassination is a common theme in this form of Revolution (“Sic Semper Tyranus” or “As Always to Tyrants”).

Federalism is the idea behind the United States Constitution. The idea that we are Voluntarily Governed, and that there is no “Ruling Class” in this Country, no one is in charge here, and anyone can be taken out of office (no Assassination necessary). The idea that there are 3 Competing Branches of Government in the Congress, President and Supreme Court. The Acknowledgement that no one is probably right when it comes to Politics, and Religion, and anything like that, so we will have a Government that Acknowledges all the Factions within the Country, and works to make everything as equal as it can for all of them. An example of how far we have strayed from this concept is that we can’t figure out how to teach Shias and Sunnis anything about this concept, and we seem to think it is just all about Voting and Democracy. Republicans and Democrats are Factions; they don’t do anything that lasts Centuries and they may even be the downfall of America. Classical and Neo-Conservatism and Classical and Neo-Liberalism completely Hijacked this country, Abraham Lincoln may have called himself a Republican; but he was a Federalist who preserved the Union; and now we have a “State of the Union Address”.

http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1009&context=fss_papers

This Paper linked about is called “Slicing the American Pie” and it is about Federalism V Personal Law Systems. So Federalism is not just a random 3rd ideology in America, like Greens or Libertarians. Federalism is literally the Legal System we operate under as a Nation. The Paper explains the 2 systems, and I will summarize here. The best way to explain Federalism is to first explain the Personal Law System. In a Country where there is Personal Law, like India, every Religion has their own rights; for example, in India Muslims are allowed to have multiple wives, but Christians aren’t. In America the State is the “Personal” part. Colorado Law is different than Texas Law is different than New York Law is different than California Law, but they all Submit to the Constitution and the Supreme Court.

Most people don’t realize this but there are actually 3 forms of Law:

First is Fundamental Law, this is the Constitution which sets up the Rules for President and Courts and Congress, the Constitution is the thing that makes those people have a job. Without the Constitution you have no Contract with those people, and if they violate the Contract it can be invalidated and replaced.

Then there is Statutory Law, this is the Law that the Constitution says Congress can write, such as Law for “Commerce between the States, Indian Tribes and Foreign Nations”. The Controlled Substances Act, or the Patriot Act, or other Acts of Congress like that are what create “Statutory Law”, which is then Codified into the USC.

And last, but absolutely not least, is Case Law. This is the real Law. The Constitution may say something, but you may not interpret it the same as the Supreme Court, because they have been seeing cases for about 300 years now, and have been seeing situations in which the Constitution becomes more clearly defined in their eyes, and it gets passed down into case law.

The reason it seems to most people like your lawyer doesn’t do much and the Judge just makes Arbitrary decisions is because it takes time and effort to go through the years and years of Case Law, and actually find out if there is an argument for your Case. Your lawyer would much rather just look at what happened in that County, over the past 5 years or so, and just go based on that, and not deal with it any further, and you pay him. And maybe he’ll try to see if the Judge will answer a motion to Dismiss if you are lucky and got a good lawyer. If these layers would actually put in the effort to read all those books on the shelves in their office, from Cover to Cover, highlighting all the stuff they found to be profound; we would have a much better legal system.

Look up “Writ Writers”. Every lawyer should be able to write a Writ, but almost every single Writ Writer in America started as a Jailhouse Lawyer. Meaning: someone who was in Jail and learned the Law there, and not from ever stepping foot in a Law School. If you look up “Writ Writers” on Google it is going to bring up a bunch of stuff about people who learned Law from inside Jail.

immakingacoin

member

Activity: 98

Merit: 11

Ancient words for Armenia (and Archaeological Sites)
Nairi
Urartu

Buy a SIM Card with Data for GPS
Yerevan Brandy Company
Yerevan Ararat Wine, Brandy & Vodka Factory
Apricots
KAYAK.com car rentals starting at $15/day
Rent an Office:
https://www.list.am/category/59?price1=&price2=&_a3_1=&_a3_2=&n=1&type=1
Corporate Entities in Armenia can buy land and houses outright

Diamonds in Nor Hachn & Nor Geghi
Armenian Jewelers Association
Info and contacts for Armenian Diamonds:
https://books.google.com/books?id=7sB3DAAAQBAJ&pg=PA117&lpg=PA117&dq=diamond+plants+in+armenia&source=bl&ots=YQRYG5Hpkh&sig=S9SK8FRDJnOHBw4O-WGo1QasYBs&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjaktbN_9bPAhVLVj4KHfqtCCwQ6AEIKjAC#v=onepage&q=diamond%20plants%20in%20armenia&f=false

Temple in Garni
Charent's Arch nearby (on the way)
Monastery in Geghard

Gold and Silver in Shahumyan
Gold & Cannabis in Ararat/Ararat Valley (Khor Virap nearby)
Wine in Areni
Gold in Azatek
Tourist locations/Waterfalls in Jermuk
Minerals in Syunik (Goris, Mountain Town)
Tourist locations in Tatev

Gold in Meghradzor
Poppy in Gegharkunik Marz (Sevan, Sevan Lake, Surrounding Towns)

Wine and Religious Pilgrimage Town for Armenian Church in Oshakan
Wine in Voskevaz
Baking in Byarakan & Aragyugh
Gold and Silver Tukhmanuk
Gold and Minerals in Mghart
Gold and Silver in Getik
Debed Canyon near Vanadzor
Copper and Minerals in Alavardi
Copper and Minerals Teghut

Gyumri
Lesser Caucuses

immakingacoin

member

Activity: 98

Merit: 11

The main person that sequenced DNA, is Craig Venter. When someone says "Humans are 99% similar to Chimps" he is the guy who mapped his Genome and compared it to a Chimp.

After discovering DNA, he went on to create "Synthetic DNA", "Synthetic Life" and "Biological Teleportation". While studying Yeast, he found that if you add some simple compounds (Amino Acids), the Yeast will actually use that to make new Chromosomes, New Genetic Material.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeast_artificial_chromosome

So from watching yeast, Craig Venter created a machine, this machine can take DNA and convert it into a computer code of 1's and 0's. So DNA is literally not much different than a computer code. The machine that does this is the "Digital Biological Converter". Then that DNA can be send through the Cloud, and printed out in another Digital Biological Conveter. This is called "Biological Teleportation".

They can also create DNA by using computer code, and use the Digital Biological Converter to insert that DNA in to an empty cell, and the cell acts like Hardware and the DNA acts like software. It does not matter what kind of cell you use, it will operate as if it is the cell of whatever DNA you put in. The DNA works like a disc and the Cell works like a computer to run the disk.
http://www.theguardian.com/science/2013/oct/13/craig-ventner-mars

immakingacoin

member

Activity: 98

Merit: 11

immakingacoin

member

Activity: 98

Merit: 11

Chemistry effects and can effect your brain in various ways, naturally as well as through consumption, etc. Recently there has been a Public interest in Brain health, but it often times does not get in to more detail than to eat certain foods, or to take supplements such as Fish Oil (Omega-3) or Vitamin D and other Vitamins. But there are many substances that can be taken in order to promote Brain health, as well as Chemical functions in your Brain, which you can specifically work to improve if you are aware of them.

Your Brain is full of Neurons (Brain Cells) which are connected by Dendrites (which are like Arms or Branches of the Neurons), and the Dendrites of various Neurons connect as Synapses (the point of connection between multiple Neuron's Dendrites). The entire process is fueled Electrochemically. Electricity is a function of Chemistry (Lithium Batteries, Copper Wire, Potato/Lemon Light Bulbs, etc), and your Brain Function comes from Electrochemical signaling. These chemicals are called Neuropeptides. Neuropeptides effect your emotions, etc. and all of these things together (Neurons, Dendrites, Synapses & Neuropeptides) are what form memories, ideas, and everything your Brain does.

Research Papers explaining Neuropeptides

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21922398

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK116087/

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4736749/

Research Papers about Neuropeptides as Drug Targets

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23161624

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3394504/

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19743896

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23205840

Neuropeptides have actually also been found outside of the brain, in what is called the Gut-Brain Axis. So there are literally, Biologically, Gut Feelings. Here are some Papers about the Gut-Brain Axis

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4359909/

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4367209/

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3791857/

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4370913/

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24997044

Research Papers about Neuropeptide GPCRs

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22908006

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4926255/

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21728976

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23932938

Research Papers about β-peptides & γ-peptides

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17191902

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16235225

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11828476

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19118806

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8608006

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20061647

Research Papers about Peptidomimetics (Molecules that mimic peptides)

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9265722

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20969906

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25588572

Research Papers about Neuropeptides and SRIF

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6149273

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9031749

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC391957/

Research Papers about Neuropeptides and Angiotensin

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22649365

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17443027

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22234465

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7989494

Research Papers about Neuropeptides and Endothelin

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15121213

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2821480/

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7692698

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17592116

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9932722

And important part of the Brain that went largely ignored until recently are the Glia, or Glial cells. Glia is the Greek word for Glue, and it was thought that these Cells simply acted as something like a Glue in the Brain holding everything together. Since it was discovered that these cells actually play a role in Brain function, they have been called "The Other Brain", and Glial Cells actually play a role in Neuropeptide function.

Here are some Research Papers explaining Glial Cells, GDNF and Neuropeptides

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10998101

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19934016

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2120511/

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15667652

Research Papers about Oligodendrocytes and Astrocytes

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18536641

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2799635/

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2799634/

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11844734

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23981039

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2982258/

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11596126

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15846805

There are many receptors in the Brain, the most well known of which are the 5-HT receptors, or Serotonin receptors. Activating receptors in your brain can allow it to function better in various ways. An example of how to do this is with 5-HTP (5-Hydroxytryptophan), which is very closely related to Serotonin (5-HT), and hits the 5-HT receptors.

Research Papers about 5-HT receptors

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK28234/

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10462127

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21808193

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16465176

Research Papers about 5-HTP

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9727088

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3298325

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1836762

And Serotonin receptors are not the only receptors in your brain. There are Cholerginic receptors which are effected by Nicotine, and GABA receptors which are effected by Benzos, etc. As well as various forms of Esterase, which eat extra Molecules before they get to your receptors and can be blocked to allow more to get to the receptors. Following are various Molecules that either hit a receptor, or block an Esterase.

Melatonin

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8229640

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23691095

Piracetam

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16007238

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1794001

Choline

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2782876/

Piracetam and Choline Combined

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7301036

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3110830

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6472050

Phenylpiracetam

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6403074

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20166767

Galantamine

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12137632

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12962529

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14641507

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15353385

Alpha-GPC

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1662399

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3313098/

Triacetyluridine

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18540779

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15970626

Phenylalanine

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15688090

Phenibut

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11830761

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19899708

Noopept

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25096780

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19240853

PRL-8-53

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/418433

Synaptolepis Kirkii

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11000015

Ubulawu

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23061321

immakingacoin

member

Activity: 98

Merit: 11

Sasha Shulgin's Words on the Current Drug Laws:

This base, a-ET or etryptamine, was a promising anti-depressant, explored clinically as the acetate salt by Upjohn under the name of Monase. Its central stimulant activity is probably not due to its monoamineoxidase inhibition activity, but appears to stem from its structural relationship to the indolic psychedelics. It was withdrawn from potential commercial use with the appearance of an unacceptable incidence of a medical condition known as agranulocytosis, but the extra mural research into its action, among the lay population, goes on.

One property has been mentioned more than once in anecdotal reports. It appears to serve well, with short term dosage regimens, as an effective tool in kicking dependency on opiates. In chronic use, there is a rather rapid tolerance built up over four or five days, that allows a dosage escalation to a daily load of a gram or more. There might be some discomfort such as sores in the softer tissues of the mouth, but apparently the withdrawal from heroin is easy and effective. Here is a potential tool in addiction treatment that might warrant closer investigation.

Other homologues of a-ET have been synthesized. The a-propylhomologue (a-PT) has been made from tryptophan, and the acetate salt was recrystallized from ethyl acetate/MeOH and melted at 158-158.5 °C. It has not, to my knowledge, ever been tasted. But I suspect that it will take a pretty hefty dosage to get some CNS effect based on the loss of potency with the similar homologation in the Muni Metro series related to MDMA. Rather than lengthening the chain on the alpha-position, some studies have exploited the known potency enhancement that comes from putting a methoxyl group on the 5-position of the indole. This compound, 5-MeO-a-ET, has been made from the 5-methoxyindole-3-aldehyde by coupling with nitropropane (with ammonium acetate) to form the nitrobutene which is a reddish crystalline material, mp 114-116 °C from ethanol. LAH reduction in Et2O/THF gave the desired 5-MeO-a-ET in a 72% yield, mp 201-203 °C as the hydrochloride salt. An alternate synthesis that avoids LAH involves the conversion of 5-methoxyindole to the nitrobutane with 2-nitro-1-butene, followed by reduction with nickel boride to give 5-MeO-a-ET, as the free base in a 52% yield, mp 110-112 °C. As might have been predicted, it was more potent than a-ET by a factor of two with 70 milligrams orally producing a trippy feeling that lasted several hours accompanied with an increased heart beat and difficulty in sleeping. There were no psychedelic effects as such, and no unpleasant side effects. Another compound that has been closely associated with a-ET is a carboline. If a molecule of acetone is brought to react with the amine group and the indolic 2-position, in a condensation that is called a Pictet-Spengler reaction, there would be formed 1,1-dimethyl-3-ethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-b-carboline. This is a chemical ally of the harmine family of alkaloids, but I have not heard of its having been explored psychedelically. It has been reported to be an impurity of commercial a-ET (including the prescheduling product from the Aldrich Chemical Company) to an extent of some 30%. At these levels, it was suggested that it might play some role in the central action of the parent tryptamine.

a-ET has played yet another role in the evolution of our drug laws, a role that will be found to be of extraordinary importance once it becomes more widely known. This compound may prove pivotal in our ultimate definition of the Analogue Drug Law. I want to talk about: (1) The Controlled Substance Analogue Drug Bill; (2) What happened in a trial in Denver; and (3) What happened in a District Court in Colorado.

During the most political period of the War on Drugs, Congress passed, and the president signed, a new law every two years, on the even-numbered years (the years of congressional re-election) that increased either the definition of what were illegal drugs, or the penalties that follow a conviction for having been associated with them in any way. In 1986, there was a proposed draft of a bill called the "Designer Drug Bill" that had been created within the DEA, and sent on to the Justice Department who, in turn, submitted it to Congress as desired legislation. This was a proposal that would make illegal the tinkering with the structure of a molecule of an illegal drug, to change it in a way that would make it fall outside of the explicit listings of illegal drugs but without significant changes in its pharmacological effects. It was the first time a drug law would define a crime by the activity of a compound as well as by chemical structure. The proposal went to the appropriate legislative committee and, with some modifications, it became law in 1986. There was considerable celebration within the DEA, expressing a "We did it!" kind of satisfaction.

The first three Articles of the Constitution of the United States are entitled: Article. I. The Legislative Department; Article. II. The Executive Department; and Article. III. The Judicial Department. The first of these, consisting of Congress, has the role of writing law and defining the military structure of the nation. The second of these defines the president, who approves the laws of Congress and is the highest military officer. The third of these is invested in the enforcement of these laws. The three departments were defined in a way to assure a balance of power. It is a dangerous step towards a totalitarian state when one special interest group (here the DEA) can, in effect, both write the law and then enforce it.

Here is the text of the Analogue Drug Bill:

(1) The Controlled Substance Analogue Drug Bill. This is contained within Public Law 99-570, the Controlled Substances Analogue Enforcement Act of 1986. This is the so-called "Designer Drug" bill which was intended to allow the prosecution of any act associated with an unscheduled drug, if that drug is analogous either in structure or in action to a scheduled drug, and if it is intended for use in man. Here is the exact wording of this amendment:

(32)(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the term 'controlled substance analogue' means a substance --

(i) the chemical structure of which is substantially similar to the chemical structure of a controlled substance in Schedule I or II;

(ii) which has a stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogenic effect on the central nervous system that is substantially similar to or greater than the stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogenic effect on the central nervous system of a controlled substance in Schedule I or II; or

(iii) with respect to a particular person, which such person represents or intends to have a stimulant, depressant, or hallucino-genic effect on the central nervous system that is substantially similar to or greater than the stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogen effect on the central nervous system of a controlled substance in schedule I or II.

(B) Such term does not include --

(i) a controlled substance;

(ii) any substance for which there is an approved new drug application;

(iii) with respect to a particular person any substance, if an exemption is in effect for investigational use, for that person, under section 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355) to the extent conduct with respect to such substance is pursuant to such exemption; or

(iv) any substance to the extent not intended for human consumption before such an exemption takes effect with respect to that substance.

SEC. 203. A controlled substance analogue shall, to the extent intended for human consumption, be treated, for purposes of this title and title III as a controlled substance in Schedule I.

This is the exact wording of the law, and I have discovered that the more times I read it the more convinced I become that, whatever the original intent might have been, it was structured in a way to promote vagueness. I have written elsewhere about the rhetorical nightmare of a double disclaimer, "substantially similar." "Similar" means "pretty much the same." "Substantially identical" would means "pretty much the same." But what does "substantially similar" mean? I like the analogy of seeing two cut glass shakers in the center of the fancy table, one with small holes in the silver screw-down cap containing salt, and the other with slightly larger holes containing pepper. Are these two items substantially similar? If you happen to be a collector of antique crystal glassware, these items are completely identical. If you happen to need to add a condiment to your entree these items are totally different. You must know whose eyes are being looked through to approach the question of "substantial similarity." At a trial a few years ago in Southern California the issue was settled once and for all for a confused jury when a forensic chemist gave an expert opinion that two things were substantially similar when they were greater than 50% identical. Is the right hand more than 50% identical to the right foot? This opinion was patently absurd.

(2) What happened in a trial in Denver? A few years ago a young man discovered that the Aldrich Chemical Company offered alpha-ethyltryptamine acetate as a fine chemical. He could buy it in 100g quantities, and package it in 150 milligram capsules to be sold to the street trade as Ecstasy, or MDMA. He could and he did. His actions came to the attention of Law Enforcement, and an opinion was obtained from a DEA chemist that a-ET was not an analogue substance. So the prosecutor decided against pressing charges. But not every one agreed with this not-analogue opinion.

So the chemist solicited the thoughts of his professional colleagues and the answers cam back with as many no's as yes's. The no's were from those who reasoned objectively (scientific, compare the structures) and the yes's were from those who reasoned subjectively (abuse potential, compare the action).

The adventurous a-ET peddler continued, and was again brought to task. The analytical duties went to another chemist, and charges were finally brought under the Analogue Drug Bill. But the earlier opinion was in the record, and the first chemist was brought in by the defense to present these findings at the trial. Clearly there was uncertainty if this was an analogue of anything that was scheduled. The research toxicologist for the home-office of the DEA gave testimony that it was, without question, an analogue. But on cross examination, he was asked just how many times, and for how many different drugs, he had been asked that same question, as an expert witness at a criminal trial. Perhaps twelve, he said. And how many times had he offered the conclusion that the proposed compound had been an analogue of a scheduled drug? In every case. The judge decided that there were some conflicting opinions here, amongst the experts, and dismissed the charges. The defendant was given the warning that this kind of leniency was not common and told to behave himself in the future.

(3) The text of the appellate decision in this matter is a valuable lesson in the fine aspects of grammatical analysis. This is all from 806 F.Supp. 232 (D.Colo., 1992). In way of background it emphasizes that the purpose of the controlled substance analogue statute is to attack underground chemists who tinker with molecules of controlled substances to create new drugs that are not yet illegal. In this case, the defendants were not chemists who created or marketed a designer drug but rather allegedly purchased and distributed a substance that preexisted drugs to which it was a purported analogue. This was probably, in and of itself, sufficient reason to deny the appeal. But the argument developed marvelous new texture as things progressed. As a reminder of the wording of the law (here SS is, of course, substantially similar but this terminology is not addressed in the decision), the three phases of the definitional part of the law can be summarized as follows:

(i) a chemical structure which is SS to ... ;

(ii) which has an effect that is SS to ... ;

(iii) which is represented as having an effect that is SS to ...

The prosecution's reading and analysis of this definition:

"The government's reading of the analogue definition has superficial appeal. As a matter of simple grammar, when an "or" is placed before the last term in a series, each term in the series is usually intended to be disjunctive. Under this reading, a-ET would be an analogue if it satisfies any of the three clauses; however, this reading ignores other grammatical principles that apply in favor of defendant's construction. The operative segments of clauses Iii) and (iii) both begin with the word 'which,' signaling the start of a dependent relative clause modifying a previous noun. In each case the precedent noun is 'chemical structure' found in clause (i). Because both clauses (ii) and (iii) can be read to modify clause (i) the statutory language can be fairly read as requiring the two-pronged definition asserted by the defendants."

The defendant's reading and analysis of this definition:

"Defendant's reading is also bolstered by a deeply rooted rule of statutory construction. A statute must be construed to avoid unintended or absurd results. If I adopt the government's construction and read clause (ii) independently, alcohol or caffeine would be controlled substance analogues because, in a concentrated form, they can have depressent or stimulative effects substantially similar to a controlled substance. Likewise if I read clause (iii) independently, powdered sugar would be an analogue if a defendant represented that it was cocaine, effectively converting this law into a counterfeit drug statute. In both cases the defendant could be prosecuted for selling a controlled substance analogue even though the alleged analogue did not have a chemical structure substantially similar to a schedule I or II controlled substance. Therefore, to prevent this unintended result, clause (i) must apply to any substance that the government contends is a controlled substance analogue."

There is a most instructive bit of history to be considered. In July, 1986, the House of Representatives considered the Designer Drug Enforcement Act of 1986 (H.R. 5246). As with the Senate, the House bill focused on underground chemists who seek to evade the drug laws by slightly altering a controlled substance. The House proposed a two-pronged definition of "analogue" that is virtually identical to the construction advocated by the defendant here. The House bill contained the same three clauses as the current statute, but added the word "and" after clause (i). Congress ultimately adopted the analogue statute as part of the comprehensive "Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986." Inexplicably, the analogue definition enacted by Congress dropped the word "and" after clause (i).

This pretty well defines the legislative intent of Congress, and I would give a pretty penny to meet the writer who happened to delete that "and," the one critical word that changed the heart of the law. i would like to know to whom he answered.

Here is a masterpiece of logic which makes some sense out of sloppy law. It must be remembered that the purpose of all of this is to determine if one, or two, or three definitions must be applied to establish just what is an analogue. This court declared that a substance may be a controlled substance analogue only if it satisfies clause (i) and at least one of clauses (ii) or (iii).

There is a fascinating, and potentially most disruptive, appeals ruling made in 1996 concerning the interpretation of this law, in this case involving aminorex and phenethylamine as being analogues of 4-methyl aminorex and methamphetamine, respectively, and thus chargeable as a crime under this analogue statute. This is from the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota, No. 95-2132. In this ruling the Analogue Drug Bill is paraphrased with the following text: "... a drug becomes a controlled substance if it has a chemical structure substantially similar to that of a controlled substance, and either has a substantially similar effect on the user's central nervous system, or a relevant someone represents that it has or intends it to have such an effect." This is fascinating in that the source cited for this quote, 21 U.S.C. SS 802(32)(A), has no such text. And it is potentially disruptive for two reasons. It suggests that an analogue shall become a controlled substance, rather than be treated as if it were a controlled substance. It also introduces a new and undefined term, a "relevant someone." I do not have the legal background to guess the extent that this statement can influence future court challenges in the area of controlled substances analogues. Do, always, keep in mind that the finding that a chemical, in a given situation, is a controlled substance analogue does not make that chemical a controlled substance. The analogue status exists for just the single instance, and the next time the arguments all start over again.

Back to the case involving a-ET. The DEA retreated, licking its wounds, and got its own back by immediately proposing the placement of a-ET into Schedule 1. They succeeded, and Monase is today no longer an FDA-approved antidepressant but it is, instead, a drug with a high potential for abuse. One of the more unexpected forms of abuse can be seen in the costs to the researcher who wished to study it in some legal way. Before it became a scheduled drug, alphaethyltryptamine was what is known as a "fine chemical" and was listed in the catalog of a major chemical company (1993) for a modest $60.90 for a hundred grams. It became a Schedule I drug by emergency scheduling that same year. Recently (1995) I noted that the chemical has been discontinued (as a fine chemical) but has appeared in a catalog from a major supply house for neurological chemicals. Alphaethyl tryptamine now requires a DEA license for purchase, and retailed at $424.00 for 100 milligrams. That calculates out at $424,000.00 for a hundred grams, a price inflation of a factor of almost 7000, or a 700,000% increase. Now THAT is truly drug abuse.

Sasha Shulgin's Words on the Temple of True Inner Light:

There is a rather remarkable religious group known as the Temple of the True Inner Light, in New York City, which has embraced as its Eucharist DPT which they refer to as a powerful Angel of the Host. Their communion is confirmed by either the smoking or the drinking of the sacrament, and they have been totally unbothered by any agency of the Federal Government, as far as I know. It is not as if they were unknown. Quite on the contrary, I had on one occasion received a request for information on the drug from a reporter who was writing a story on DPT and its use in the church. I asked him just how he had gotten my name, and he told me that he was given it by someone within the DEA. Someone, sometime, should write an essay on contemporary religions, as to why DPT has flown, why peyote forever struggles, and LSD and marijuana have bombed out, when tied to religion. Is there something about a faith being an "approved" religion? Who gives his approval? Who decides the applicability of the first amendment which explicitly states that, "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof."

I wish the True Inner Light congregation Godspeed, if you will excuse the expression. My impressions of them from our correspondence have left me totally convinced of their integrity and dedication.

immakingacoin

member

Activity: 98

Merit: 11

Sasha Shulgin's Words on what is in Your Spice Cabinet:

As the old folk-wisdom says, "Nature is trying to tell us something."

One of the banes of the archivist is having to choose one pattern of organization over another. The book store owned by a language scholar will have the German poets and playwrights and novelists here, and the French ones over there. Next door, the book store is run by a letters scholar, and the poetry of the world is here, and the plays of the world are there, regardless of the language of origin. The same obtains with spices, and essential oils, and phenethylamines. The spice cabinet is a rich source of chemical treasures, each source plant containing a host of com-pounds, some of which are true essential oils. And the next spice from the next plant has some of the same components and some new ones. Does one organize by plant (spice or herb) or by essential oil (phenethylamine)? Let's do it by the ring substitution pattern of the phenethylamine, and gather the spices and oils as a secondary collection.

(1) The 4-methoxy pattern. The pivotal essential oil is 4-allylanisole, or methyl chavicol, or estragole (called esdragol in the old literature). This allyl compound is found in turpentine, anise, fennel, bay, tarragon, and basil. Its smell is light, and reminiscent of fennel. The propenyl analogue is called anethole, or anise camphor, and it is found in both anise and camphor. It is a waxy solid, and has a very intense smell of anise or fennel. At low concentrations, it is sweet, as in magnolia blossoms, where it is also found. The drinks that turn cloudy with water dilution (Pernod-like liqueurs, and ouzo and roki), are heavy with it, since it was the natural flavoring in the original absinthe. That drink was very popular in the last century, as an intoxicant which produced an altered state of consciousness beyond that which could be ascribed to alcohol alone. It contained wormwood, which proved to be neurologically damaging. The flavorings, such as anethole, are still big things in synthetic liqueurs such as vermouth. Old anethole, when exposed to air and light, gets thick and sticky and yellowish, and becomes quite disagreeable to taste. Maybe it is polymerizing, or maybe oxidizing to stuff that dimerizes. Whatever. These changes are why old spices in the cabinet are best discarded. And adding ammonia to any of these natural product oils produces, in principle, 4-methoxyamphetamine, 4-MA.

(2) The 3,4-dimethoxy pattern. The main actor here is methyleugenol, or 4-allyl-1,2-dimethoxybenzene. This is located in almost every item in the spice cabinet. It is in citronella, bay (which is laurel, which is myrtle), pimiento, allspice, pepper, tree-tea oil, and on and on. It has a faint smell of cloves, and when dilute is immediately mistaken for carnations. The propenyl analogue is, not unreasonably, methylisoeugenol, a bit more scarce, and seems to always be that little minor peak in any essential oil analysis. The compounds missing that methyl group on the 4-oxygen are famous. The allyl material is eugenol, 4-allylguaiacol, and it is in cinnamon, nutmeg, cloves, sassafras and myrrh. You taste it and it burns. You smell it and think immediately of cloves. And its property as an anesthetic, in the form of a clove, is well known in the folk-treatment of toothaches. Actually, flowers of clove (the gillyflower, like the carnation) are the small, pointy things that decorate baked hams and, when stuck into apples, make pomander balls. This anesthetic property has recently led to a drug abuse fad, called clove cigarettes. Very strong, very flavorful, and very corrosive things from Southeast Asia. The eugenol that is present numbs the throat, and allows many strong cigarettes to be smoked without pain. The propenyl analogue is isoeugenol, with a smell that is subtle but very long lasting, used more in soaps and perfumes than in foods. The amine addition to the methyleugenol world produces 3,4-dimethoxyamphetamine, or 3,4-DMA. The isomer with the other methyl group missing is chavibetol (3-hydroxy-4-methoxyallylbenzene) and is found in the pepper leaf that is used with betel nut. A couple of positional rearrangement isomers of methyleugenol are known in the plant world. The 2,4-isomer is called osmorrhizole, and the conjugated form is isoosmorrhizole or nothosmyrnol; both are found in carrot-like vegetables. They, with ammonia, would give 2,4-DMA. And the 3,5-dimethoxyallylbenzene isomer from artemisia (a pungent herb commonly called mugwort) and from sage, would give rise to 3,5-DMA. This is an unexplored isomer which would be both an antidote for opium as well as a stimulant, if the classical reputation of mugwort is transferred to the phenethylamine.

(3) The 3,4-methylenedioxy pattern. One of the most famous essential oils is safrole, or 4-allyl-1,2-methylenedioxybenzene. This is the mainstay of sassafras oil, and it and its conjugated isomer isosafrole have a smell that is immediately familiar: root beer! These are among the most widely distributed essential oils, being present in most of the spices, including the heavies such as cinnamon and nutmeg. I am not aware of the 2,3-isomer ever having been found in nature. Adding ammonia to either would give MDA.

(4) The 3-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxy pattern. The parent compound is myristicin, 5-allyl-1-methoxy-2,3-methylenedioxybenzene, and the source of this is nutmeg (or the botanically parallel material, mace). The nutmeg is the seed of the tree Myristica fragrans and mace is the fibrous covering of the seed. The two spices are virtually identical as to their chemical composition. Myristicin and the conjugated isomer isomyristicin are also found in parsley oil, and in dill. This was the oil that was actually shown to be converted to MMDA by the addition of ammonia by passage through an in vitro liver preparation. So here is the major justification for the equation between the essential oils and the Essential phenethylamines. Care must be taken to make an exact distinction between myristicin (this essential oil) and myristin (the fat) which is really trimyristin or glyceryl trimyristate from nutmeg and coconut. This is the fat from myristic acid, the C-14 fatty acid, and these two similar names are often interchanged even in the scientific literature.

(5) The 2-methoxy-3,4-methylenedioxy pattern. This is the second of the three natural methoxy methylenedioxy orientations. Croweacin is 2-methoxy-3,4-methylenedioxyallylbenzene, and it takes its name from the binomial for the plant Eriostemon crowei from the worlds of rue and the citrus plants. It corresponds to the essential phenethylamine MMDA-3a. This oil is found in plants of the Family Rutaceae. My memories of this area of botany are of Ruta graveolens, the common rue, whose small leaves smelled to me, for all the world, like cat urine. This plant has always fascinated me because of a most remarkable recipe that I was given by a very, very conservative fellow-club member, one evening, after rehearsal. He told me of a formula that had provided him with the most complete relief from arthritic pain he had ever known. It was a native decoction he had learned of many years eariler, when he was traveling in Mexico. One took equal quantities of three plants, Ruta graveolens (or our common rue), Rosmarinus officinalis (better known as rosemary), and Cannabis sativa (which is recognized in many households simply as marijuana). Three plants all known in folklore, rue as a symbol for repentance, rosemary as a symbol of remembrance, and pot, well, I guess it is a symbol of a lot of things to a lot of people. Anyway, equal quantities of these three plants are allowed to soak in a large quantity of rubbing alcohol for a few weeks. Then the alcoholic extracts are clarified, and allowed to evaporate in the open air to a thick sludge. This then was rubbed on the skin, where the arthritis was troublesome, and always rubbed in the direction of the extremity. It was not into, but onto the body that it was applied. All this from a very conservative Republican friend!

The methoxy-methylenedioxy pattern is also found in nature with the 2,4,5-orientation pattern. The allyl-2,4,5-isomer is called asaricin. It, and its propenyl-isomer, carpacin, are from the Carpano tree which grows in the Solomon Islands. All these plants are used in folk medicine. These two systems, the 2,3,4- and the 2,4,5-orientations, potentially give rise, with ammonia, to MMDA-3a and MMDA-2.

(6) The 3,4,5-trimethoxy pattern. Elemicin is the well studied essential oil, 5-allyl-1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene, primarily from the oil of elemi. It is, like myristicin, a component of the Oil of Nutmeg, but it is also found in several of the Oils of Camphor, and in the resin of the Pili in the Philippines. This tree is the source of the Oil of Elemi. I had found a trace component in nutmeg many years ago that proved to be 5-methoxyeugenol, or elemicin without the 4-methyl group; it is also present in the magnolia plant. The aldehyde that corresponds to this is syringaldehyde, and its prefix has been spun into many natural products. Any natural product with a syring somewhere in it has a hydroxy between two methoxys. The phenethylamine base from elemicin or isoelemicin would be TMA, the topic of this very recipe.

(7) The 2,4,5-trimethoxy pattern. There is an essential oil called asarone that is 2,4,5-trimethoxy-1-propenylbenzene. It is the trans- or alpha-isomer, and the cis-isomer is known as beta-asarone. It is the isomerization analogue of the much more rare 1-allyl-2,4,5-trimethoxybenzene, gamma-asarone, or euasarone, or sekishone. Asarone is the major component of Oil of Calamus obtained from the rhizomes of Acorus calamus, the common Sweet Flag that grows wild on the edges of swamps throughout North America, Europe, and Asia. It has been used as a flavoring of liqueurs and, as almost every other plant known to man, has been used as a medicine. In fact, in Manitoba this plant was called Rat-root by the Cree Indians in the Lake Winnipeg area known as New Iceland, and Indian-root by the Icelandic pioneers. It was used externally for the treatment of wounds, and internally for most illnesses. There apparently is no report of central effects. The corresponding propanone, acoramone (or 2,4,5-trimethoxyphenylacetone), is also present in Oil of Calamus. The styrene that corresponds to asarone is found in a number of plants, and is surprisingly toxic to brine shrimp. The older literature describes an allyl-trimethoxy benzene called calamol, but it has never been pinned down as to structure. The isolation of gamma-asarone or euasarone from Oil of Xixin (from wild ginger) has given rise to a potential problem of nomenclature. One of the Genus names associated with wild ginger is Asiasarum which looks very much like the name asarone, which comes from the Genus Acorus. And a second Genus of medical plants also called wild ginger is simply called Asarum. There is an Asarum forbesi from central China, and it is known to give a pleasant smell to the body. And there is Asarum seiboldi which is largely from Korea and Manchuria. It has many medical uses, including the treatment of deafness, epilepsy, and rheumatism. The phenethylamine that would arise from this natural treasure chest is TMA-2.

( Cool

The 2,5-dimethoxy-3,4-methylenedioxy pattern. The parent allyl benzene is apiole (with a final "e") or parsley camphor, and it is the major component of parsley seed oil. Its conjugated isomer is called isoapiole, and they are valuable as the chemical precurors to the amination product, DMMDA. Whereas both of these essential oils are white solids, there is a green oily liquid that had been broadly used years ago in medicine, called green, or liquid apiol (without the final "e"). It comes from the seeds of parsley by ether extraction, and when the chlorophyll has been removed, it is known as yellow apiol. With the fats removed by saponification and distillation, the old term for the medicine was apiolin. I would assume that any of these would give rise to white, crystalline apiole on careful distillation, but I have never tried to do it. The commercial Oil of Parsley is so readily available.

(9) The 2,3-dimethoxy-4,5-methylenedioxy pattern. The second of the three tetraoxygenated essential oils is 1-allyl-2,3-dimethoxy-4,5-methylenedioxybenzene, commonly called dillapiole and it comes, not surprisingly, from the oils of any of the several dill plants around the world. It is a thick, almost colorless liquid, but its isomerization product, isodillapiole, is a white crystalline product which melts sharply. This, by the theoretical addition of ammonia, gives DMMDA-2.

(10) The tetramethoxy pattern. The third and last of the tetra-oxygenated essential oils, is 1-allyl-2,3,4,5-tetramethoxybenzene. This is present as a minor component in the oil of parsley, but it is much more easily obtained by synthesis. It, and its iso-compound, and the amination product, are discussed under the last of the Ten Essential phenethylamines, TA.

Sasha Shulgin's words on the ambiguity of the word "synthetic":

Some fascinating studies have been done in Germany where the metabolically active mycelium of some Psilocybe species have been administered diethyltryptamine as a potential diet component. Normally, this mushroom species dutifully converts N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) to psilocin, by introducing a 4-hydroxyl group into the molecule by something that is probably called an indole 4-hydroxylase by the biochemists. You put DMT in, and you get 4-hydroxy-DMT out, and this is psilocin. Maybe if you put Mickey Mouse in, you would get 4-hydroxy-Mickey Mouse out. It is as if the mushroom psyche didn't really care what it was working with, it was simply compelled to do its sacred duty to 4-hydroxylate any tryptamine it came across. It was observed that if you put N,N-diethyltryptamine (DET, not a material found in nature) into the growing process, the dutiful and ignorant enzymes would hydroxylate it to 4-hydroxy-N,N-diethyltryptamine (4-HO-DET) a potent drug also not known in nature. This is the title drug of this commentary. What a beautiful burr to thrust into the natural versus synthetic controversy. If a plant (a mushroom mycelium in this case) is given a man-made chemical, and this plant converts it, using its natural capabilities, into a product that had never before been known in nature, is that product natural? What is natural?

Sasha Shulgin's words on Structure Activity Relationship (SAR):

There is a sadness felt with most of the published efforts to form sweeping correlations between the structure of a molecule and its biological activity. This relationship is called a SAR, or a Structure Activity Relationship, and there are journals that are dedicated to just this form of analysis.

One needs a large collection of compounds of known structure, and all of them must be of known pharmacological activity. And one needs a computer of some sort. One considers all aspects of the structure such as bond energies, electronic charge densities, molecular lengths, widths and thicknesses, degrees of freedom or of constraint, anything that can be calculated or measured. Then one assigns an independent variable coefficient to everything, constructs some additive equation where these coefficients equal something else, and then compares that something else to the biological activity. Push the "go" button on the computer, and let everything be varied clear across the map, until the calculated solution of the equation makes the best match with the value of pharmacological activity. Then one has a SAR with a statistical measure of goodness of fit, and it then can be used to predict the activity of new structures, which are yet untried, pharmacologically.

And there is the essence of why this entire process is ineffective. Prediction is the heart of this procedure, and prediction is never brought to bear. Let us take a new structure that is not in the original collection of structures, and let us make a prediction as to its, let us say, psychedelic potency. But no one ever tries it out for any of a number of reasons. Maybe the new compound is never synthesized. Or maybe it is synthesized, but never evaluated pharmacologically. The synthesist does not care, or is uninterested, or is restrained by the legal complications that might ensue. Or he does explore it, but chooses not to publish. Almost never is a prediction tested. What is more likely to happen, is that a new input of biological activity and structure variation is uncovered (for which there is no published prediction) and this data is tossed into the mill, and a new set of "more valid" coefficients is calculated, and the SAR becomes touted as a more accurate predictor. But, always remember, that without prediction and challenge, there is no inventive value from the SAR game. It simply organizes what is known, but creates nothing new.

This is a role that I would have loved to see a,N,O-TMS play. At the time of its first synthesis its biological activity was, by definition, completely unknown. Let's cast its shadow up against the structures that were known, and with known activity. What would you predict? The most logical archetype to use as a starting point is the primary amine homologue, a,O-DMS. This is an extremely potent, quite long-lived tryptamine that still ranks up there as the most potent, or nearly so, of all the simple substituted tryptamines. It is orally active. It lasts for many hours. It is completely wild as to visual distortions and illusions. It consistently leads to dramatic, perhaps frightening, but certainly memorable dreams. Three or four milligrams are unmistakably adequate. I would have loved to have had an SAR jock predict what changes would come from the simple addition of an N-methyl group. No one out there predicted this for me, and I have now completely abandoned the art of prediction, at least via the SAR technique. My motto is, make 'em, and taste 'em.

To base structures that are stimulants (amphetamine, for example) an added N-methyl group enhances potency and richness. With MDA, for example, one gets MDMA, not more potent, but of an entirely different form of psychological magic. However, with all the other explored primary amine phenethylamine psychedelics, the potency and the quality of action are effectively lost. With tryptamines, however, the N-methyl groups appear to be needed for full, robust activity. Here, the loss of an N-methyl group might well detract from full potency, and the final unmethylated product (DMT becoming simply tryptamine) will be relatively weak and uninteresting. If a,N,O-TMS had been active at one milligram, then the MDMA explanation is obviously correct. If a,N,O-TMS had been active only at a meager level of twenty milligrams, then the DMT explanation would appear to be correct. It is much less active. It is not spectacular. All you SAR scientists, take this new data, toss it into the maws of computer calculation, and come out with better coefficients.

With this, now, as a challenge, predict for me the potency of a,N,N,O-tetramethylserotonin. Here is a compound that has not been yet synthesized, but which carries the second N-methyl group (yet closer to DMT at the nitrogen atom and probably more potent) and yet a structural kiss of death (as to potency) in the MDA/MDMA world. Will it be up? Will it be down? I am afraid that the "make 'em and taste 'em" procedure is the only one that I can trust.

Good luck.

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Phalaris Grass- To be used as straw in Cobb building, as well as seed for bird feed.

Giant Reed- To be used for Biodiesel (and sugar) production & for use as a fence.

Datura- To deter animals from eating your crops

Llama & Alpaca- For Clothing, Blanket & other fabric production

Guinea Chickens- To eat ants, ticks & other pests. As well as produce eggs.

Ferrets- To help with running wires for construction, retrieving items & other small tasks

Dogs- To shepherd animals and help disabled people.

Chocolate Plants- For Chocolate production

Blue Agave- For Sugar and Biodiesel production

Homing Pigeons- For delivering messages

Colorado River Toads- To eat snakes, mice & other pests

Lady Bugs- To protect crops

Bees- For honey, wax and pollination

Worms- For composting

Aloe Vera- For Sun Damage and Scar healing

Passion Flower- To grow on houses for beauty and help with cooling costs

Spiders- As pesticides (spiders that eat bugs, but don't harm fruit or humans)

Stuff for eating and Dyes:
Marigold, Indigo, Madder, Pomegranate, Soapnut, Pericarp, Onions, Eucalyptus, Strawberries, Raspberries, Roses, Lavender, St. John's Wort, Foxglove, Syrian Rue.

immakingacoin

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HOW TO START A TOWN

A "PAC" or "Political Action Committee" is the groups that put the Ads on TV for Presidents. Governors, Mayors, etc etc etc. When a commercial comes on and a politician is on at the end saying "I support this Ad" that Ad was made by a PAC. Or when it says "Call Senator X and tell him to stop being a meany" that Ad was probably paid for by a PAC.

The way a PAC makes money is by putting out Ads that lead people to their website at the end for donations, or offer bumper stickers and sell campaign posters. You can also accept donations as a PAC.

Here is some random information that can help anyone that lives in or is coming to America, it is not legal advice:
Not many people know this, but being a Mayor, Judge or Sheriff usually has NO REQUIREMENTS except to win an election and be a certain age. I have seen people win elections in small towns won with people holding "Honk if You're Voting for X" signs on a busy corner. And becoming a notary or suggesting that people who need jobs become notaries can be very helpful. Being able to notarize documents opens up a lot of doors in business and law. According to law, any notarized document that goes unchallenged, is truth.

Things like Twitter and Facebook have also become important to campaigning.

Here is how to get a political organization (PAC) started
http://www.fec.gov/ans/answers_pac.shtml
Here is the best way to get a Visa for someone
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O_visa

The Supreme court ruled in 1968 that a taxpayer has legal standing to sue the government for misuse of tax funds.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flast_v._Cohen

And spreading literature is protected speech
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_v._Struthers

I don't remember the exact acreage, but I think I remember that the minimum for a town is 6 Acres, and the approval of either the County the land is on, or a Vote from the people in the Town that is splitting. A Town needs a Constitution or Town Charter.

One of the first priorities would be to buy or rent a Well Digger, and you would make sure to have the mineral rights of the land so that you can do this, and you can keep any oil or minerals you find. This could be done before the town was even established, you could just buy 6+ Acres and start doing this.

Once there are wells, you would start building housing for anyone that is going to live there. You could make Earthships, or Cob and Adobe houses. Cob is made with Clay and Straw (Canary Reed Grass) it is also Earthquake and Fire resistant and can also be used as a Material to make Earthships. Earthships are houses that are structured with old tires filled with Cement, then built into a house. Earthships are usually built facing the Sun Rise to save on heating, and they usually use Solar Panels for electricity and Rain collection for water, some people also grow plants on top of Earthships and a garden is usually kept inside.

Earthship
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/G2_Global_model_Earthship_Taos_N.M..JPG/1200px-G2_Global_model_Earthship_Taos_N.M..JPG

Cob House
https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/694509877557891072/F4n84UFL.jpg

Adobe House
http://ward8online.com/wp-content/uploads/multi-story-adobe-house-taos-pueblo-runawayjuno-flickr_197733.jpg

Once there were a few houses and the town founders were all living there, you would start installing plumbing and electricity. Ferrets have been used to run wire through tubes or walls, so Ferets could be a useful pet for any town. You would also probably want to establish an internet connection, which may involve Antennaes and Mesh Networks (LAN based internet) if you are far from any major city.

You may also want to build something like a Geodome for use as a Greenhouse. Depending where you are you can use the land to farm, but having Greenhouses can be useful even if you can farm the land, just because the Greenhouse effect can be very useful on small groups of plants, while farming 100% outdoors is more about keeping it simple. Geodomes make good green houses because their shape allows them to insulate very well. Dried out San Pedro cactus can be used as Fencing (they do this in Mexico). Giant Reed (Sugar Cane) can be grown to make sugar. Chili Peppers could be grown to start a town Hot Sauce brand, etc. There is an Animal called a Guinea Chicken that lays eggs like a regular chicken, but they are a little smaller and a little more cone shaped. They make good guard dogs (even though they are chickens) because they will make noises if they see someone they don't recognize and they eat ticks & spiders they come across. Dragonflies can be bred to keep other bug populations down. If you grow certain cacti (such as Sanguaro) you can help Bats as they migrate, and if you put up bird houses and duck holes, you can help those species become abundant in the area. The town should also try to start an Orchard/Grove, apples, pears, cherries, Lemons, Limes or any other fruit. Trees can be cut and cloned in order to have an army of trees feeding everyone.
http://geo-dome.co.uk/cumbria/Photos/shropdome.jpg

From here you would start trying to build community centers. Such as a Temple, or a Farmers Market (if you make lots, they can even be rented out to people who come visit, here is Canton Texas as an example. It is one big flea market town, that is their economy. And you can even buy Dogs and other animals there, just kind of a "if you build it, they will come" type of thing.) It would also be good to found a Restaurant, Library and a Media Center, so that people can start to outreach on platforms like Youtube. It would also be a good idea for someone to breed dogs and cats so that people can buy pets, as well as for someone to start a pond and a hatchery so that people can fish. Farming rabbits can help make good fertilizer (poop), pets and food.
http://www.firstmondaycanton.com/sites/default/files/styles/homepage_banner/public/homepage-banner/homepage2.png?itok=Ny7mWeau

From here you would either try to attract things like Car Dealerships, Gas Stations, Grocery Stores, Hardware stores or people in Town would start founding their own.

Everyone thinks that the most important Election in America is when we Vote for President, and to a lesser extent when we Vote for Congress. But neither of those really matter. What really matters is who is Sheriff in your town, who is a Judge in your town, who is a District Attorney in your town and if you Create your own Town.
http://www.newerapolitics.org/uploads/1/3/2/0/13202651/613178_orig.jpg

Democracy is not meant to be any harder than forming a Tribe, and democracy is not just meant for Governments. There is supposed to be democracy inside Religious bodies as well as within Political parties themselves.

http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-p2zFWEq_B5g/VPUIsgF7rOI/AAAAAAAAIVM/yNjvTi4dEGE/s1600/10906040_10205830494063134_8485669176758224241_n.jpg

The voting body or city was known as the "Polis", and the Center of the Polis was the Agora. In some places the Agora had elaborate temple structures in order to maintain different functions that the groups did there, but when they first started they were usually as simple as an area marked by Stones as a border. The People would gather at the Agora and cast their votes.

As the Agora was used more and more, and functions were decided, structures would be built along the edges of the Agora, but the center was usually left as a wide open space for people to gather. the buildings they usually built were Court Houses and Town Halls and stuff. Extended Porticoes were sometimes used so that functionality of the space was not lost in bad weather. Sometimes Porticoes were built pretty much as their own structures, with a line of rooms at the back, which could be used as offices. Statues dedicated to different groups would be kept at these places, so that they could all gather in their individual groups or together.

The Polis itself was a larger reflection of the Agora. It would start off as a region of land which a group of people claimed as their own, with Borders such as rivers, mountains, etc. and slowly through the democratic process, groups were formed and projects were started, until farms were growing and cities were booming.

Leagues and Hegemonies operated like the modern United States or EU, or United Nations, in order to get things done between different nations and work together in times of war.

Eventually the Polis itself became Warlike and only eligible military members could vote, this eventually evolved into what is known as the Police, Policia, or the Polis. During Hellenistic times the Polis became a battle between Rich Oligarchs, and poor but armed citizens.

http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-cNACWOIc91s/VPUImQKEtWI/AAAAAAAAIVE/-l-Ys4DrDzE/s1600/10407304_10205830565104910_6040143459159725416_n.jpg

Today we can see most of the Polis and Agoras purpose being utilized in Universities, but not in too many other places.

Archive keeping is an important part of Government and Democracy. If people do not have information from past generations, then they can not make decisions for the future, at least not without running in to problems that would have been avoided if they had information about previous generations.

http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-_ks-Zc9YVf0/VPUIzz6E4bI/AAAAAAAAIVU/TtNY1DYFiko/s1600/10922434_10205830121093810_7289993150706841694_n.jpg

In Ancient Greece the most well kept archives were Law, lists of Public Representatives and the Winners of Sporting events. This is not much different from now, except now there is also the occasional story about someone who saves some animals, or starts a homeless shelter, or has an event, etc. But just like today, other records were kept by more specialized groups. For example, Temples were often a place where you could find archives, since the priests and worshipers would deposit anything important there. It would kind of be like if a church started a library, and asked all their members to donate any books they could that were written about Bible history or written by Historical Priests. Over like 100 years, that Church might actually have a pretty cool collection of stuff, even to non-Christians, it would be kind of like a Musaeum/Library of History.

I personally think that more "Temples" should be made, and more Archives should be kept. Even if it just happens in people's houses, there should be people collecting things like: Books written by people in their town, Books written by people in their family, Books written by Historical Figures, Books written in certain time periods, etc.

Most Theater, both Plays and Movies, are based on Greek and Roman Plays. Almost every Combination of Good guy and bad guy in almost any environment was already written about in ancient Greece, a lot of people just change the characters and settings to fit modern or even future events, and then make modern movies. For example. the Movie "Prometheus" is just Greek storytelling in Space. Even when it is not on purpose, most movies copy the story-line of existing Greek dynamics. So for an example, I think it would be cool if people who liked movies collected the plays that started the movies they liked, then found other movies based on those plays and put them all together. How awesome would it be to see the progression of a story all the way from ancient Greek telling to modern Movie "Magic".

Another cool example would be for someone who is interested in the modern Military of America, they could collect books written by people in service, then they could go through all the tactics that were used and the stuff that the people went through, and see if they can find other generals through history who used similar tactics, or Books by people who were under generals who used similar tactics, and then if there is ever a military mind that sees that collection in the future, it could effect the way he does things. Since he may learn something about the humanity behind all the tactics.

I am pretty sure you could also start with the books written by the last few modern American presidents, then after reading their books branch off into other areas that you notice while reading their books, and then keep copies of Obama's executive orders and any things the next few presidents do, and eventually you would have an archive that could definitely be useful to voters.

http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-NDjXufY4xas/VPUI4bprPtI/AAAAAAAAIVc/1hAl91aP0L4/s1600/10403264_10205830390900555_7371409827537042813_n.jpg

I have talked to people about the idea of Towns, and it seems like a lot of people think it is some sort of magic Craft to start a town. So here are some classifications and Political possibilities that most people don't usually think about.

Tribe: Tribes are the societies that exist outside of states. The State is equal to the Greek Polis, with its own sovereignty, and ability to join other states in a Union, League, etc. The people come together at the Agora (Capitol Hill in America) to make decisions, this is the state. Tribes are much more loosely governed. Tribes can be a collection of families, or a collection of religious groups, etc. and usually have some form of leader, either chosen based on the Tribes specialty (the best Hunter, or the best Warrior, or the Best Artisan, or the Oldest, etc).

A Club is a collection of 2 or more people that have come together for some common purpose. A Community is similar, except that is is a looser organization, and usually they just have the same values, not necessarily the same or even similar goals.

A Gang is any group of friends or a family unit that has a leader. For example, if there is a military family who all look up to 1 Grandpa figure who first joined the Military and started a tradition, that is a form of Gang. It is not an Organized Crime Gang, but it is a form of Gang.

Townships are the most basic form of Town. In America there are 2 forms of Townships, a Survey Township and a Civil Township. A Survey Township is just a unit of land that has been measured properly by a Surveyor, a Civil township operates like a County, in some states they are treated like a regular "Incorporation" type town. Civil Townships exist in 20 of the 50 states.

The overall name for Towns, Townships, Villages, Cities, Counties, etc is Municipal Corporation. To establish a town, you need a Town Charter. A Town Charter would be created by/in a State or County Legislature, and the people of that County would Vote for the new Town to be formed. A Town could also Vote to Split.

Villages are smaller than towns, and are not necessarily Incorporated. Depending on the State, a Village can just be a town that has formed with its own Government Body, but a smaller population than a town.

A Town is incorporated and follows State laws to form.

City is really just a big town in most places.

Counties are Administrative divisions designated by a state.

Common Law is how we get Laws from Court cases. 2 Modern Examples are:
1. The Affordable Care Act aka Obamacare
2. The Hobby Lobby Supreme Court Case

When the United State Supreme Court makes a ruling, it becomes "The Law of the Land" for all of the United States. This is common law. The reason it exists is this, for example: If you bring a Wolf to town, and no one has ever had a Wolf as a pet there, people might freak out. So the Police might get called, and they might give you a ticket, which establishes a Court Date. Then you have to go to Court, and argue your case, and whatever the Judge decides is the new Law for Wolf owners in your town. Maybe they say you have to give it a muzzle, maybe they say you can't own it without a license, maybe they say you can't own it at all etc.

Common Law works on all levels. US Supreme Court makes rules for the Country, State Supreme Courts make rules for the State, a County Judge makes rules for the County, and a City Judge makes rules for the Town.

A Common Heritage of Mankind is something that no one can really own, but everyone can use. Examples are the Ocean and Space.

An Embassy or a Diplomatic Mission is a group of people from one state/country, who own land in another state/country, and work to establish treaties and accomplish goals in that country/state. Once the Diplomatic mission establishes permanency it becomes an Embassy and the head of the Embassy is considered the Ambassador. Embassy can also just refer to the building or office that the Diplomatic mission is operating from.

For Democratic Non-Violent Protests, there are some Organizational tactics that can be used. If Clubs, Tribes are established, it makes it much easier to protest, this is why Unions are more successful when striking than regular employees are.

Here are the Supreme Court Rulings that are the "Law of the Land" and defend our Rights, such as the Right to Gather, and the Right to Free Speech.

Public Sit ins
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_v._Louisiana

Police May not Plot Against a Protest
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carroll_v._Princess_Anne

The Local, State or Federal Government should not put "Breach of the Peace Statutes" in place, because they are more likely to incite violence than not
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cox_v._Louisiana

Police Breaking apart a Peaceful Crowd is Illegal
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwards_v._South_Carolina

Most protests don't have any previous organizational structure, so the best way to establish it for the first time is to get people to line up in rows, then give each row of people a flyer to explain what their overall goals should be as a group, This way people can choose to do different things, but be following a main plan within the group that they talk to throughout the protest. Do not try to get people to line up constantly, this is only to create the foundational structure to accomplish a goal other than being loud, not a way to create a regimented force of soldiers. When passing out any other objects or flyers, they should be something that encompasses all the established groups.

The reason you want to make groups is to create more diverse functionality and thought. This does not need to be a division within the whole group, only within the core people that are there first. For example, if there are a group of people with Walkie Talkies in your protest, you would want to make this division within that group of people, so that you could all coordinate different plans. Examples of divisions of labor would be Making/Passing out Protest signs, Giving People Rides or Collecting Emails/Phone Numbers, Setting up a space where people can get water and maybe food, Making videos of specific protesters or groups and getting their names, Keeping an eye on the crowd to make sure no one is bringing like Molotov Cocktails in to start a riot, etc.

If you have groups you can do various things instead of just trying to be some random "Administrative Entity" over the protest. Goals should be to go to Libraries, Universities or Local/National News Broadcasting stations and holding "Sit Ins" or at least "Stand Outsides". These places are places that will get more people to come and join, as well as being more likely to be News worthy.

If you do NOT want to be in the News, use Profanity a lot, put a Cuss word in your Groups name (Ex: You can call yourself the Fuckers and it won't be in the news) and if you want to stay off of Live Broadcasting, write the word "f***" on your forehead.

At least one person should try to get Emails or Phone numbers from protesters, the people there are obviously interested in learning more.

Any goal that you want to accomplish politically should be something you care passionately enough about to make a Pamphlet or a Brochure type thing, at least made up of a 2 pages and folded together to make a pamphlet. Not a lot of people understand that they can start political organizations (look up "How to start a PAC" if you want to make one) or how to run for office in local campaigns. So having information about how to do these things can be extremely helpful.

Protests are not going to accomplish much more than getting the word out, and eventually you have to tap in to Democracy and protest by getting new people in Office as Judges, Sheriffs and Mayors. TONS OF CITIES have District Attorney's that run unopposed. People only think to Vote for Mayor and Sheriff and stuff, they don't think of running themselves, and they definitely don't worry about who the District Attorney is. But that is such an important position as far as deciding who goes to jail in town.

During a Protest, Police should take the role of an outside presence. They do not need to be involved, and according to training videos from the 60s, they are only supposed to put plain clothes officers in the protest. And if you watch the Yippies and the Hippies in the 60s talking in videos and stuff, they talk about how part of the plan was to get the Police to beat on the Plain clothed officers with them.

Police should not take an offensive position, but they probably will. If they do, what they are going to do is a "Show of Force". This will include loud barking, and possibly banging on shields or stomping feet.

If the Police do this, the best response is to get people to start doing some kind of beat. Like even just clapping and stomping "We will rock you" is sufficient.

If the police move forward, the main protesters should not run at the police to fight them. The main protesters should make their way to the back of the crowd to form a ring. If you hold hands behind the other protesters, they will not be so easy to move back, and you will be able to hold your position without them moving you. Having something to create cohesive units can also help, for example, if you have brooms or something, you could work together against the shields more effectively.

These tactics are meant to be a response to police over action, like in Occupy and the early days of Ferguson, not a way for protesters to initiate action against the police. The best way to initiate action against the police is to read their oath to them, or just elect a new Sheriff.

People like to think that Medicine and Science happen in Sterilized rooms, where everyone wears a lab coat, and everyone knows exactly what the outcome of everything will be. That is not science, it might be a routine test some scientists are doing, but that is not the bulk of how science moves forward in leaps and bounds.

For example, Penicillin was not discovered by someone working for Pfizer in a sterile lab, trying to cure disease. It was discovered by a messy scientist, who was eating in his lab space, and accidentally left a sandwich out. When he came back to the sandwich days later, it had mold growing on it. He put this mold in a Petri dish with other Bacteria, and it ate all the other bacteria. This is how Antibiotics jumped forward.

The first person to invent Vaccines also kind of did so on accident, or at least the guy he copied did. The inventor of Vaccines is Edward Jenner, but 30 years before he invented Vaccines, his friend John Fewster was randomly doing studies where he gave people smallpox on purpose so he could study their reaction, and one time he did it someone didn't react and he questioned them, and it turned out that that person had previously had Cow Pox. So he told people about this and 30 years later Vaccines existed.

Not all science happens like this, but a lot of it does. A more modern example is a spider they found in the Amazon, this spider ha venom that works similar to Viagra. But when it bites you, a guys penis will get so hard it explodes or stops working via ruptured blood vessels or something. So now that some people have died from this (I think you would die, or hope kinda) they are now working on a way to turn this venom in to the new Viagra. So this kind of stuff happens all the time.

I just wanted to point those things out to say, Western Medicine is not the regimented, sterilized, perfect art we think it is. It is just regular people that went through some higher education, and now they are figuring some stuff out. And I told you that because I want to show you where it comes from.

Western Medicine starts in ancient Greece with the worship of the God Asclepius. Asclepius was always identified with snakes, and usually a non-Venomous snake would be kept at his temples, the snakes had free reign inside the temples and were allowed to slither on the floor in rooms where patients slept. The Aesculapian snake is actually a species of snake.

The Temples were known as Asclepeion, and they operated much like Hospitals where people would come from all around to come be healed. The way the Doctors would heal the person is by inducing a dream and interpreting it, then giving the person a prescription based on the dream. This is almost identical to Native American Shamanism, you may have heard people call Ayahuasca "Medicine", this is the context of that. The Shamans are meant to take Ayahuasca and come back to this "realm" with a prescription. And according to legend, the plants themselves actually told the Natives how to make Ayahuasca, since you have to mix 2 specific plants in the jungle. If you want to try to find the ancient Greek writings about this, there is supposedly a book called "Sacred Stories" by Aelius Aristides. He was one of these doctors.

The Rod of Asclepius is a common medical symbol, it is a staff with a snake on it. The doctors themselves were known as Asclepiad, the most famous of which is probably Hippocrates. Hippocrates invented the Hippocratic oath, which Doctors still say today.

Hippocrates is still considered the Father of Western Medicine to this day, he identified a few things that are still named after him sometimes, like Hippocratic Fingers, and Hippocratic Face. He also started the classifications like: Acute, Epidemic and Chronic. He also invented the Hippocratic bench, which was a forerunner to Chiropractor tables and some Torture Devices.

I am not suggesting we go back to the Greek Medical model, I just wanted to point out that the things we take the most serious, sometimes (usually) started as people playing with snakes and interpreting dreams.

For a town to grow, there are a few main factors, first the obvious one. If the town is near an interstate it has a better chance of growing, this is the best place for hotels and gas stations to get constant business in a small town, (Truck stops, etc) it can also allow for a mall to be profitable. If you are a small town and you are not on an interstate, a Flea Market like Trade Days in Texas is a much more likely thing to maintain than a mall.

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Dubai_Roads_on_1_May_2007.jpg

Second is Airports. being near an airport or opening a small one could completely change a town, there are some countries that are able to do amazing business deals just by flying in executives from big companies and having them put a factory or something in town, which can offer jobs, but is not the best way to build an economy that isn't corrupt.

Next is railroads. Most people don't even realize this, but railroads actually transport a LOT of stuff, and if you happen to be on a railway, you might be able to start some industry, as well as have a way for people to come in to town to move or visit.

Also, Bus stations. Grey Hound and other companies like this can help people in town get places, help family visit, and I have seen towns where they have a whole cafeteria and little outlet mall things pretty much centered around a Grey Hound station and the people stopped there waiting for a bus.

And, Rivers. They are not so much used for shipping anymore, but they are good for business. People can open fishing shops, or rafting facilities and all kinds of stuff for tourists.

Then a town can do things like start sports teams, or open a race track, or a Renaissance fair, or build the world's biggest something, or promote a local liquor brand, or make a place for concerts and comedians, etc etc etc.

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Activity: 98

Merit: 11

I am going to explain how my Marijuana Strains are different than every other Marijuana strain.

You have probably heard of Durban Poison. This is a Landrace African Strain, which means it didn't come from a Breeder, the seeds were found and sold straight out of the wilderness. Durban Poison is 2% THCv, and everyone notices that it is a unique and different strain, and no one tries it and says "I never want any Durban Poison ever again". An example of a Durban cross strain is Girl Scout Cookies, which is Durban F1 X OG Kush, and Girl Scout Cookies is a Dispensary Staple.

What I have done, is gotten Malawi and South African Kwazulu. 2 Strains that are African Landrace, straight out of the Wilderness, and that are much much more rare than Durban Poison, and I have combined them together. And there is no information online about how much THCv is in Malawi or South African Kwazulu, but it is much higher in THCv than Durban Poison. Durban Poison is good, but the highest THCv you get with Durban is 2%.

I also mixed the Malawi with Banana Crack, Strawberry Diesel, Strawberry Stardawg, and Danky Kong. The comparison here would be Girl Scout Cookies, except that I am using Malawi instead of Durban, and Malawi is much stronger and much rarer than Durban, so I will be pulling out some lost Genetics. Think of the square with the cross in it with the blue eyes and brown eyes, or yellow pea pods and green pea pods, and then rr Rr RR etc, representing the different genes. I am going to be pulling out some hidden genes.

And with the Flavor Strains, you could compare this Genetic effect to Cherry Pie. Cherry Pie is Durban X Grandaddy Purp. Somehow, that made a Cherry Strain. I just mixed Malawi with 2 Strawberry Strains and a Banana Strain.

These Genetics are going to change things. And I'm not even done yet. In a few weeks I will get the other Strain that is going to be mixed in to take the THCv levels off the charts.

shulc7

full member

Activity: 518

Merit: 100

I read it. A lot of information for me at a time. But the topic is interesting. if you look into it, calculate all interest rates, analyze it on the stock exchange, then in principle the flow is really big.

Juzion

full member

Activity: 234

Merit: 100

Nice

immakingacoin

member

Activity: 98

Merit: 11

Once we get our Coin on an Exchange, the Temple Coin group will be creating an Armenian Corporation. Armenia was like the IBM of the USSR.

Import MiniPCs for Mining
http://www.alibaba.com/trade/search?fsb=y&IndexArea=product_en&CatId=&SearchText=minipc
Avg import Tarrif 2.7%
10% for consumer goods
20% VAT Tax
$20 extra Customs tax
Ministry of Justice

180 Days per Year Visa Free Entry
For Longer Must Apply for Residency

Georgia Visa Free Entry, can stay for a Year

http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/i1500e/Armenia.pdf

(Cryptocurrencies will earn the Programmers much more than this)
The average salary of a junior developer is twice higher than the average salary in Armenia. The starting salary of a junior developer is 120,000 – 150, 000 AMD and if smart and hard-working, a person with ambitions can become a senior developer within 3-5 years and start receiving 800,000- 1,500,000 AMD.

In June 2015, the Armenian Public Services Regulatory Committee (PSRC) increased the price of electricity for the public. The cost increased to 7 drams ($0.01 USD) per kilowatt hour.

And we will bring back Gampr dogs.

immakingacoin

member

Activity: 98

Merit: 11

So there is this theory, or rule, or whatever you want to call it. Where once you have seen something like 20 something times, you will recognize it forever.

immakingacoin

member

Activity: 98

Merit: 11

And I first said it on Google+ as a random hashtag. That is why people did not even realize it was a guy trying to argue against Democrats. I did not make it partisan, I made it a joke. People made it partisan later. It was just pro-Mexican, not pro-Hillary or Anti-Trump. And at first, everyone realized it was not about that. But then the Democrats started using it and made tote bags and everything.

Topic: ॐ Temple Coin Syllabus ॐ - page 2. (Read 587 times)