From an Interview with Doug Jackson, founder of e-gold. Interviewed by Mark Herpel.
http://themonetaryfuture.blogspot.com/2012/01/final-days-of-e-gold-interview-with.html(Q) A new open source decentralized digital currency called Bitcion has become very popular. (
http://www.bitcoin.org) Do you know about Bitcoin and what is your opinion on this new project?
(A) Bitcoin, like several other so-called “virtual currencies”, embodies a familiar fallacy, the idea of “numbers that are money” where the liability nature of an issued medium is overlooked. Let’s suppose the cool kids issue some jazzy bits and a system to convey quantities of these “whatevers” from payers to recipients. To the promoters and other monetary logic-challenged people (press, general public) the cleverness of the technology supporting the bits and their transmission makes it self-evident that the system constitutes a monetary advance, the currency of the future. With regard to value, it is asserted that by arbitrarily limiting the number of these whatevers spent into circulation – abstaining from “over issue” – that inflation” and loss of purchasing power are prevented.
Let’s say they spend a million of these whatevers into circulation. Perhaps an exchange market even emerges. The public sends real money to the exchangers. As long as demand is such as to support growth in circulation the exchangers have incoming real money, some of which can be paid out to the occasional customers who want to sell their whatevers. At some point though aggregate demand for whatevers declines and the exchangers are deluged with whatevers from people wanting to exchange them for real money. Their trading balances are now chock full of whatevers but running low on real money. At some point the exchangers – possibly the only entities that
have been holding value (in the form of trading balances of real money) to offset the whatevers – repudiate pending exchanges [that had been locked/committed at now inconvenient-to-honor exchange rates] and everyone is shocked.
OK, now let’s contrast with an issuer of real money. The techie parts for moving the bits may be roughly similar. But these bits are recognized by their issuers as constituting the embodiment of liabilities, obligations against which they must hold an equal portfolio of suitable assets, set aside expressly for their redemption. The difference between “virtual” and real money becomes evident if and when demand for the real money declines. No problema. Issuers of real money, by virtue of these holdings of current assets, some or
all of which are highly liquid, stand ready at all times to buy back (if need be) every unit of their monetary liabilities they have spent into circulation.
The only floor on which the value of any currency rests is the balance sheet of its issuer. A virtual currency may have some market value based on its acceptance by its issuer (or affiliates) for desirable goods and services they themselves offer. That however is too flimsy a basis for any knowledgeable third party to regard their balance of a virtual currency as much of a store of value.
People who fall for the numbers-that-are-money fallacy tend to also say things “after all, the Fed creates money out of thin air” - which is simply incorrect. The Fed creates money by buying up (and holding) the ever-mounting debts of the US Treasury, and, these days, the mortgage backed and other securities that were recently regarded as so scary as to call into question the solvency of the banks that had been holding them.