Cryptocurrency has impacted the African economy in a lot of positive ways such as:
* Growth of business for entrepreneurs as it is easy to transact with American, European, and Asia countries with a low transaction fee
Due to the scarcity of foreign currencies especially dollars, most businesses in Africa a beginning to use Bitcoin as a means of international trade. This has become important because most governments are limiting the number of dollars they give to business owners and this has also affected their businesses negatively. One of the greatest challenges currently is that China which is one of the biggest trading partners with Africa is hostile to Bitcoin. But some businesses still have ways of invading the ban and making payments with Bitcoin.
It has helped in creating employment through mining, blockchain development.
Africa the most youthful continent has the highest rate of unemployment in the world. Although not on a very large scale, Bitcoin has contributed in the area of employment. Many youths have become self-employed by established exchange firms and other jobs Bitcoin offers. And the beauty of these jobs is that they can be done both part-time and full-time from anywhere.
* Cryptocurrency has helped mitigate the effect of scarcity of banking structure. Cryptocurrency transactions can be done anywhere as long as there is an internet connection. Some see cryptocurrencies as vital protection from government repression.
The number of unbanked in Africa is massive but Bitcoin has given them the privilege of engaging in financial transactions. This citizens now can caaryout banking transactions without limitation.
However, the usability of cryptocurrency in Africa is facing a lot of challenges due to government policies because they can't regulate it. In February 2021, the Nigerian government place a ban on cryptocurrency transactions through licensed banks. In July, it launched a scheme for a new government-controlled digital currency – hoping to rival the already established cryptos. Countries like Ghana and South Africa are coming up with policies to regulate cryptocurrency. All these policies stem from the criticism mostly by government and authorities as a means of laundering money and financial crime and also for its instability.
Africa's major challenge now is illiteracy. Nigerian government couldn't stop the use of bItcoin because the literate population had to devise options on how to use Bitcoin for their good. But Africa has one of the highest numbers of adult illiterate and out-of-school children. The infrastructural deficit is another major challenge. Most Africans don't have access to basic amenities such as electricity or an internet connection. Other challenges include poverty, cultural problems, colonial ties and other external influence.