Bitcoin isn't going to be more scarce, just to get things straight. New Bitcoin introduced into circulating supply will only have its rate cut in half... so 50% fewer new bitcoins generated every block. That's all.
The max supply and available bitcoin isn't actually becoming scarcer, that happens only when more people accumulate and hold, or they're permanently lost (either through accidents or death). In which case, we can assume this is happening more and more every day and only when lost or withheld supply is more than new supply will bitcoin be "more scarce".
It's only psychological though to me. 1 btc = 100 million smaller units.
The supply of "fresh" coins will become scarce and there is no doubt about it. As of now, some 656,250 coins are being mined every year, and in around three months this amount will drop to half of that. As of now, there are close to 18 million coins in circulation, but a large part of this is not in free-float. Some 4 million coins are "lost" (i.e no one is having the private keys to move them) and a larger amount is being kept in cold storage. Considering this, the suppy reduction is going to have an impact on Bitcoin exchange rates.
Some people seem to have gotten this the wrong way, this is not oil production we are talking here where little is put on hold and most is burnt right away.
Bitcoin production is ALREADY insignificant, and its becoming EVEN MORE insignificant. Note that this has been occurring over time as designed, most coins are already minted and the reminder is the last 14%.
It didn't matter if mining was profitable or not, if there were few or millions of miners, Bitcoin production was set in the code and this has executed as written. Bitcoin is a program running in a computer, which happens to be distributed across the globe. The program is very well documented and reviewed, thanks to being Free and Open Source code.
Furthermore if you paid attention, this "reduction" of production has occurred very smoothly, not suddenly. Again, exactly as designed. It was fast and furious at first, and now its slowing down into a crawl going to the point of irrelevancy. 86% of the coins were produced in 11 years, of the reminder 14%, 86% of that (420k
BTC) will be produced in the next 11 years, and so on and on. See the pattern? (ok its actually every 4 years half of the previous, but you get the idea).
There is nothing "new", unexpected or "sudden" about a halving, it is the continuation in the programmed slowdown in bitcoin production. Most of the coins are already in the market, the supply and demand is largely decided by whats already out there already, this 14% remainder isn't going to affect the price much anymore.
Yes it is LESS and LESS than before, this is absolutely correct.
And yes, technically its not 21 million bitcoin, the absolute number is measured in satoshis, there are so many of them before it ever becomes a practical issue. Just express everything in satoshis and see for yourself.
Yes a bitcoin is a cosmetic unit of measure equal to a hundred million satoshis, the actual number is near 21 000 000 000 000 000 satoshis.