Pulled from the web and this content is referenced all over the place...
The PPLNS payment system is not to be considered as the best for slow hash rate miners. To get payouts, you need to:
solve at least one hash every 24h hours which is higher than the p2pool share difficulty = gets at least one payout each day.
solve at least one hash within the window of the current block with a difficulty higher than the p2pool share difficulty = gets at least one payout each block.
After 24 hours of no mining, you get no more payout even if a block is found within the 3 days (8640 shares).
Like I said, buddy of mine discovered that the hard way and lost a sweet $200 payout.