Sorry for asking these beginner questions. I guess this was asked before, or maybe not. Isn't increasing the block size possible to contain more transactions simultaneously? How difficult is it to increase the block size?
Technically, not that much.
Making people do it, prepare to get a pitchfork the moment you propose it!
Also, sometimes, I see the gap between block times. Sometimes, we see three blocks in ten minutes, and sometimes three blocks in an hour. Why is that? Is it fixable?
You can't fix something that is not broken, blocks are found in different intervals because of normal variation, you won't be able to fix it to 10 minutes because that would mean no matter what hashrate is added you will have the same difficulty, which to explain it as simple as it I can, it won't matter if you mine with a cpu or a trillion asics you will find the solution in the same time, which is...impossible!
It's not 2140 today, is it? So, we aren't expecting high fees right now and things don't work as intended for sure.
No it's not and I'm not sure what you're asking!
I specifically said in the OP, this what you experience right now will be the future once there is no block reward, I didn't say anything about this situation continuing, this being the norm, this ...anything! As I mentioned again in the topic, this is a topic so that people understand when they preach about "miners will keep working for fees" what this really implies!
The alternative I see is to force a percentage of the block to allocate older transactions. For example, 10% of the block was allocated to transactions with more than 24 hours on the waiting list. In other words, you would reduce the waiting time to a minimum viable time, while giving you the freedom to choose the fee to guarantee faster transactions.
It won't solve a thing even if it were possible.
At first, you will have the same capacity and the same demand, right now for somebody who would not be able to pay the minimum fee it will take him about 15 days at 10% capacity for tx already in the pool to get a confirmation. But fast forward it will also favor a ton of spam, some will just unload huge tx at 1 sat/b and you will have no way around it other than to confirm it, leading to a capacity decrease, making an attack even easier.