I've done a lot of guesswork to figure out these numbers, we'll see how close I am when we start seeing some serious adoption. Either way the system is built to scale with adoption in a way nothing else can, it should be pretty cool. I figure if we start to see a good deal of adoption and usage, we'll always either ask for more storage, processing power or reduce the collateral to split the network before it becomes an issue . They'll be good problems to have and we'll have lots of solutions available.
It would be interesting to see the performance impact of running a higher transaction load. I'm all new to this so I might have it wrong (starting both nodes, btc, Dash, in August). I also run a bitcoin node and it is about 2x more network bandwidth (86 GiB for bitcoin for August vs 46 GiB dash), 15x more network connections (300+ for bitcoin vs 20 for Dash) and 4X more disk space (48 GB for bitcoin vs 14 GB for dash). It looks like when problems happen on the bitcoin network (different attacks) my CPU and memory shoot way up but otherwise it seems similar to Dash. While the rawmempoolinfo seems to be much higher on bitcoin (1000s vs singles in dash) I don't yet have a good enough understanding how that factors in to performance or if it matters.
If Dash started to get to the same usage as bitcoin I would guess that specs for many of the MNs would need to increase (not sure if Raspberry Pi which some MN are running could handle it). Would a VPS charge more? Increased transactions would probably lead to less decentralization as only those who could afford the costs could pay for it (that is if they are holding the MN remuneration for speculation). Similar to the problem that is seen in the decline of the current bitcoin nodes, though of course there isn't any compensation for running one.
Hogwild, here is a table of some of the differences in transaction speeds and sizes.
DASH Metrics DASH Bitcoin
Average Transaction Size 1 0.85 KB
Average Transactions per Day 1500 110000 Transactions/Day
Blockchain Size 1.4 47 GB
Blockchain Growth 1.5 93.5 MB/Day
Blockchain Update Speed/hr blocktime(TAO) 0.15 4.14 Sec/Hr
Blockchain Download Speed 0.417 0.941 MB/Sec
The Bitcoin disk space(47GB) is more than just 4x that of Dash. It actually is over 31x bigger than Dash disk space(1.4GB). That is why the bitcoin client takes so long to catchup when it starts. It downloads a ton of data and then verifies it.
The Dash client does a lot more than a Bitcoin client. Dash has budgets, darksend mixing, instantx, and voting to sync and manage between the clients and masternodes. It is really not comparable to Bitcoin at this point.
As for upgrading, the masternode network will adapt to what works best. The biggest expense right now is not disk, cpu, or ram, but the IPV4 address cost. Maybe we will move to IPV6 to save some server costs and improve performance. The masternode count will constantly change based on earnings/cost to run. With the voting system, it will be easy to fairly implement any changes needed. This is far different than encouraging users to run no incentive Bitcoin nodes.
I am really looking forward to the Dash Evolution Revolution.